Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka: UTeM Open Journal System
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Autonomous Quadcopter Altitude for Measuring Risky Gases in Hazard Area
Get PDFThe increased awareness of environmental monitoring has led to the development platforms for measuring gases concentration in the risk environment. In this paper, we focused on the altitude of quadcopter flying, not to be random but will be at a certain height depending on the application and the area of implementation for a quadcopter robot. A practical implementation is recorded to know the suitable height of flying. The quadcopter is also developed to fly manually with automatic height adjustment in order to measure gas concentration reliably
Body Mass Index (BMI) Effect on Galvanic Coupling Intra-Body Communication
Get PDFIntra-body communication (IBC) is a wireless communication system where human body is used as a signal transmission medium. Main advantage of IBC compared to other wireless communication is capable of low power consumption. There are two coupling methods in IBC, which are capacitive and galvanic coupling. The characteristic of human body play an important role in IBC because the transmitted signal is propagates through the body tissue. Therefore, this paper investigates the effect of different dielectric properties of body tissues to the quality of IBC signal transmission by focusing at body fat. Galvanic coupling method was used. 12 subjects were volunteered in this study and the value of subject’s body fat was differentiates by body mass index (BMI). The frequency was focused on 21 MHz, 50 MHz and 80 MHz. The signal quality at 21 MHz and 80 MHz shows the degradation as the increasing of body fat. The signal attenuation is increasing as body fat increased because in human body, the bone and fat has higher resistance than nerves and muscle. However, at frequency 50 MHz, the increasing of human BMI does not increase the attenuation where the attenuations are at peak value
Electromagnetic Field Scattering of a High Speed Moving Source and Its Application
Get PDFThis paper presents the electromagnetic (EM) field scattering of a high speed moving source and a moving target by using Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) with Overset Grid Generation (OGG) method. The analysis is conducted for 750MHz band at the street intersection with OpenMP parallel processing technique. The performance of this proposed method is verified with theoretical results. The simulation results have shown comparatively good agreement in moving and stationary case. The proposed simulation study is of great importance to ground transportation in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications
Microfiber-based Sensor for Measuring Uric Acid Concentrations
Get PDFMicrofiber sensor is proposed and demonstrated using a fiber optic displacement sensor (FODS) based on intensity modulation technique for measurement of different concentrations of uric acid. The proposed sensor uses singlemode fiber (SMF) tapered using flame brushing technique to enhance the evanescent field around the fiber core to interact with the uric acid. The tapered area is bent manually and sets vertically on a clamp, facing the mirror in the beaker. It is placed within the linear range of a sensor’s displacement curve of 0 to 5000 µm. The calibration of tapered fiber sensor was done both in the air and diluted water. The sensor is capable of measuring the concentrations of uric acid from 100 ppm to 500 ppm with a measured sensitivity of 0.0218 dBm/ppm. The linearity and resolution of the proposed sensor are 99.21% and 28.219 ppm, respectively. In addition, the proposed microfiber FODS sensor using SMF exhibit good stability and repeatability. It provides numerous advantages in terms of simple design, less production cost and operation without forfeiting its sensitivity
Integrated-Software Sustainability Evaluation Model (i-SSEM) Development
Get PDFAn integrated-Software Sustainability Evaluation Model (i-SSEM) presents the holistic evaluation criteria of software sustainability with performed the systematic measurement by using Goal Question Metric (GQM) approach. The required of the holistic evaluation in software sustainability is to address the limitations of the previous studies in which the needs to integrate all evaluation criterion into sustainability dimension such as environment, economic and social. The evaluation criteria are supported by references standards such as standard organization of product quality, sustainability development principal introduced by Bruntland Commission Report and the best practices from individual and organization in software sustainability evaluation (SSE). In order to provide the holistic SSE with integrated all sustainability dimensions, the proposed characteristic and sub-characteristic is evaluated based on “what, who, when, why, where” and “how” to measure the criteria. The proposed evaluation criteria consist nine (9) characteristics and thirty-two (32) sub-characteristics with nineteen (19) metrics. Embedded of GQM contributes in defining the measurement goals by determining the purposes, perspectives, point of views in the following context of environment with respect to achieve software sustainability
Water Quality Monitoring System Using 3G Network
Get PDFThis paper presents a water quality monitoring system through the acquisition of data parameters such as temperature, pH level, turbidity, and amount of dissolved oxygen. The prototype consists of hardware such as sensors, Gizduino, Raspberry Pi, and 3G Pocket Wifi. Software element includes Raspbian as an operating system, Python as a programming language and MySQL for the database. The power source of the prototype comprises a battery and a solar panel. The testing of the prototype was done in three different bodies of water such as tap water, “Wawa” dam water and “Pasig” river. The raw data gathered from the testing were validated using calibration methods for the temperature sensor and pH sensor while the turbidity sensor follows the ISO 7027 and for the dissolved oxygen parameter, interpolation with the temperature values was computed. Also, the results revealed a minimal standard deviation for each of the parameters for all of the testing done from three bodies of water which validates the consistency of the data gathered. In terms of power supply, no power failure was encountered during the three testing sites. The data from the sensors were also transmitted to the database using MySQL through a 3G network
Image Template Matching Based on Simulated Kalman Filter (SKF) Algorithm
Get PDFA novel approach to the image matching based on Simulated Kalman Filter (SKF) algorithm has been proposed in this paper. In order, the traditional algorithm to solve image matching problem takes a lot of memory and computational time, image matching problem is assigned to optimization problem and can be solved precisely. The Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) function of template and sub image is assigned as the fitness function. Experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm is more accurate and precise compared to Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The percentage of matching result for Cameraman and Mountain are 36% and 32% accordingly which is higher than PSO algorithm, which is 12% and 4% respectively
Detection of Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides Fungus Isolates Development/Spread for Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Cultivar from Electronic Nose Using Multivariate-Statistical Analysis
Get PDFAgriculture plays a very important role in Asia economic sectors. For Malaysia, it plays a big contribution towards the country’s development. Mangifera Indica L., commonly known as Mango, is one of the fruit that has high economic demand and potential in Malaysia export business. However, due to radical climate changes from hot to humid, Mango is exposed towards a number of disease and this will affect its production. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the major diseases that could occur on any types of Mango. This fungus can attack on fruit skin and leaf, therefore a method that able to detect and control it would be much appreciated. Hence, this paper shows that the presence of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides type of pathogen can be detected by using Electronic Nose (E-Nose). The E-Nose will detect the Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) that produced from this fungus. Further analysis and justification on its existence are completed by using one of Multivariate-Statistical Analysis method which is Principal Component Analysis (PCA).The analysis results effectively show that the PCA is able to classify the number of isolating days of this type of fungus after cultured. Furthermore the potential of pre-symptomatic detection of the plant diseases was demonstrated
Development of a Standalone Application to Measure Crosstalk in MMG Signals from Forearm Muscles during Wrist Postures
Get PDFMechanomyography (MMG) signals can be used to study and analyze skeletal muscles. It retains its potential application in various fields including athletics, sports, medicine and prosthetic control. MMG signals do exhibit crosstalk from adjacent muscles. The measurement of crosstalk in MMG signals could be beneficial for the study of muscle mechanics. Hence, this research contributes to the development of a standalone application (APP) to measure crosstalk in MMG signals coming from human forearm muscles during various wrist postures. The application has been developed on National Instruments LabVIEW software version 14.0. Peak cross correlations have been used as a measure of crosstalk between neighboring muscles. The results produced by APP while measuring crosstalk in MMG signals are very close to literature. Hence the results for APP have been validated by previous studies. The APP can be used for both forms of MMG data either stored in the form of tdms files or real-time signals. MMG signals are acquired, displayed, processed and finally used for measurement of crosstalk. All the steps are done automatically in the APP. Hence APP cannot only save time to measure crosstalk through other tedious methods but it also provides a source of MMG data validation in a real-time environment
Hand-Gesture Recognition-Algorithm based on Finger Counting
Get PDFThe concept of hand gesture recognition has been widely used in communication, artificial intelligence, and robotics. The most contributing reason for the emerging gesture recognition is that they can create a simple communication path between human and computer called HCI (Human-Computer Interaction). Therefore, a hand gesture recognition algorithm was developed for fourteen hand gestures based on finger counting. The algorithm counts fingers and recognizes gesture based on the maximum distance between the fingers detected. The algorithm divided into four main parts: image acquisition, pre-processing, finger detection, and gesture recognition. The experimental results show that the algorithm can count fingers accurately and recognize 10 gestures (associated with 1, 2, 3 and 5 fingers) with good performance (70 to 100 percent of successful detection) and 4 gestures (associated with 4 fingers) with average performance (50 to 70 percent of successful detection). Additionally, the algorithm was tested under variation of the scene and dynamic parameters, to understand its performance further