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Majun-e-Suranjan and Habb-e-Azraqi are two Unani compound drugs that are effective and safe in cases of gout - An initial study
Get PDFPresent study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and safety of two Unani compound drugs Majun-e-Suranjan and Habb-e-Azraqi in cases of gout on modern scientific parameters viz., clinical, biochemical and haematological. This work was conducted at Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine (RRIUM), Aligarh, during 2014-2019. 71 people were chosen from the pool of patients visiting the outpatient department (OPD). Patients received the Unani medicines Majun-e-Suranjan in a dose of 5.0 g and Habb-e-Azraqi in a dose of 1 pill (250 mg) twice daily after meals for a period of 56-days. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the analysis of data, and the statistical significance of the findings was determined by Dennett's test. The study reveals that the two Unani medicines are safe, non-toxic, and significantly relieve the symptoms of gouty arthritis. It is suggested to conduct more research among a large population
Traditional processing methods for quality enhancement of indigenous basil seeds and formulation of functional flours
Get PDFThe changing food habits and lifestyle led to consumption of faulty diets with increased prevalence of life style diseases in India. This has spurred health consciousness among food consumers and enhanced the demand for functional foods. The indigenous underutilised clove and sweet basil seeds being rich source of fibre (36.23, 28.85%), protein (9.16, 8.55%), polyphenols (17.28, 17.71 mg GAE/g extract) and antioxidants (266.13 and 344.63 mg TE/g extract), exhibited vast potential for formulation of functional flours. Traditional processing methods such as roasting, fermentation and germination have significantly enhanced the nutritional and antioxidant properties of both the seeds. Among them, germination was found to be ideal processing technique with relatively higher fibre, protein, total mineral, phenolic contents, antioxidant capacity and less fat content. Henceforth, processing of basil seeds in a traditional way could significantly enhance their quality and promote their utilisation as functional ingredients for designing healthy foods.
Preclinical pharmacokinetics and herb-drug interaction studies of atorvastatin co-administered with the herbal slimming products
Get PDFHerbal slimming products (HSPs) contain multiple herbs used in weight loss. Phytoconstituents of several plant extracts show the inhibitory effects on the drug-metabolizing enzymes causing interaction when taken with other drugs. Atorvastatin (ATS) is used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HSPs on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ATS. ATS (10 mg/Kg) was administered alone or in combination with HSP1 (200 mg/Kg)/ HSP2 (165 mg/Kg) orally in the SD rats for pharmacokinetics study. Hyperlipidemia was induced in Golden Syrian Hamster by feeding HFD (60% kcal). Furthermore, biochemical levels in serum, ROS, gene expression and lipid accumulation levels were examined in hamster liver tissue. HSPs have significantly enhanced the permeability and inhibited the metabolism of ATS by inhibiting the CYP3A4 isoenzyme confirmed by in vitro assay. Co-administration of HSPs with ATS enhanced the relative bioavailability of ATS.Concomitant administration of HSPs with ATS has significantly reduced the fat content, inflammatory cytokines, TG, VLDL, LDL levels, tissue MDA level, HMGCR and SREBP1c mRNA expression levels, lipid accumulation as well as collagen content and has increased the serum HDL level as well as tissue SOD, CAT, GHS and mRNA expression levels of LXRα and CYP7A1. The aforementioned outcomes indicated that co-administration of HSPs with ATS may lead to herb-drug interaction. Therefore, precaution should be taken and dose adjustment is required when administered simultaneously.
Lac-based indigenous technical knowledge of Assam
Get PDFThe survey on lac-based Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK) amongst the farming communities of Assam revealed its prevalence mainly amongst the tribal people of West Karbi Anglong, East Karbi Anglong, Golaghat, Jorhat, Tinsukia, Goalpara, and Dhemaji districts of Assam. Altogether six numbers of lac-based ITKs were reported about lac culture, human medicine, dye making and post-harvest operations. Lac-based ITKs have not been documented scientifically so far. This paper describes some of the ITKs practiced by tribals/farmers of Assam for the first time, which might help other researchers/scientists in further studies for scientific validation of lac-based ITKs.
Graphene-based nanocomposites: An efficient detoxification agent for heavy metal removal from wastewater
Get PDFNumerous scientific and technological developments in wastewater treatment procedures are brought on by the shortage of clean water supplies. Heavy metals' recalcitrance in wastewater has been shown to be a difficult issue. Further, drinking water quality must be at its highest for human health to be at its best; nevertheless, a number of human activities are continuously degrading it, which has an effect on human health either directly or indirectly. Because heavy metals are the primary causes of many chronic illnesses and have a tendency to bio accumulate, they are giving rise to a lot of worries. Technologies from all over the world are being developed to address the demand for clean drinking water. The objective of the current study is to raise awareness of the need to remove dangerous dense metals from various types of wastewater and the application of modified graphene nanocomposite for their adsorption-based removal. Graphene-based nanocomposite materials have been picked for this application due to their large surface area, superior mechanical strength, and reactivity towards polar and nonpolar contaminants for the electrostatic emission of the heavy metal ions arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb)
Effect of atmospheric condition on the thermal decomposition kinetics and thermodynamics of lead acetate trihydrate
Get PDFIn this study thermal decomposition routes and kinetics of lead acetate triydrate are compared in inert (nitrogen) and reactive (oxygen) atmospheres by using thermogravimetric method. The decomposition proceeds with five consecutive stages in the both the atmospheres. The first four stages occur similarly in nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres and the same intermediates are formed. However, the last stage, differs according to the furnace atmosphere. The mixture of PbO and small amount metallic Pb is the final product in nitrogen atmosphere whereas the mixture of PbO and Pb3O4 is the final product in oxygen atmosphere. X-ray powder diffraction method is used in identify of these products. Kinetic calculations of all stages are realized by using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) model free methods. These methods are combined with modeling equations to find the effective model and to calculate thermodynamic parameters. It is found that all reactions show good harmony with the nucleation models although their indexes are different
Effect of alkaline hydrolysis on low-stress mechanical properties of polyester/cotton blended weft knitted fabrics
Get PDFPolyester/cotton blended weft knitted fabrics produced from ring-spun yarn have been treated with alkaline hydrolysis to study their low-stress mechanical and thermal properties. The major changes in the low-stress mechanical properties of the treated fabrics have been noticed. The most affected properties are tensile, shear, bending, and compression. Surprisingly, alkaline hydrolysis treatment increases surface roughness. The thermal properties are also found to exhibit good handling by the alkaline hydrolysis treatment. The 35/65 polyester/cotton blended fabrics exhibit an increase in thermal insulation property. It is apparent that the 65/35 polyester/cotton blended knitted fabric exhibits an exceptionally good handle following alkaline hydrolysis
Application of ecofriendly antimicrobial finish on cotton and khadi fabrics using periwinkle leaves
Get PDFAn attempt has been made to develop microcapsules for the antimicrobial finishing of cotton and khadi fabrics using periwinkle leaves. Extract of leaves has been prepared by using methanol solvent and applied on fabric directly as well as through the micro-capsulation method. The treated and untreated samples are then subjected to various tests, such as SEM analysis, FTIR analysis, antimicrobial efficacy and wash durability. The durability of antimicrobial properties to washing is found to be better for samples treated with the microencapsulation method than the direct method.
Preparation of nanofibrous mat using eco-friendly, biocompatible and biodegradable material
Get PDFA novel blend of pectin/ chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)has been prepared as a nanofibrous scaffold for skin tissue engineering and wound healing applications. Pectin has been used as an eco-friendly, non-toxic and water-soluble polymer to improve nanofibre properties. Pectin as a poly-anion polymer, in combination with chitosan polycationic polymers, creates a cross-linked poly-electrolyte complex with biocompatible properties. The CS/PVA solutions containing various concentrations of pectin are electrospun to form a 3D pectin/ CS/ PVA nano fibrous scaffold. Mechanical and antibacterial properties of the nanofibrous scaffolds are evaluated by various instrumental techniques, such as Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared, Scanning Electron Microscopy, nitrogen content and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Mechanical properties are found to be improved and the strong antibacterial activity of the pectin/CS/PVA nano fibrous scaffold is confirmed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella and Candida albicans.
Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Slope Failures in Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand (India)
Get PDFUttarkashi region is highly prone to landslides because of its geological structure. The exact occurrence of these landslides events is difficult to predict due to its complex mechanism and dependence on the number of triggering factors. Moreover, the behavior and prediction of unstable slopes are of high importance failing of which otherwise can have a devastating impact. This research work aims at studying and modeling slopes with the help of state-of-the-art machine learning techniques: Support vector machine, Backpropagation, Decision tree, and Bayesian Network models. To train and test these models a total of 137 instances are taken. Moreover, the independence of individual features is studied with the help of multicollinearity analysis. The capability of considered methods was evaluated using various performance evaluation metrics. Evaluation and comparison of the results show that the performance of all classifiers is satisfactory for slope failure analysis (AUC=0.750-0.889). Based on the results Bayesian network proved to be most efficient to predict slope failures (Accuracy=93%, AUC=.889). These outcomes can be beneficial for government agencies in early-stage risk mitigation