Kobe College Institutional Repository / 神戸女学院大学機関リポジトリ
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安価な手作りウェルプレートを使用した酢酸およびアンモニアの 電離平衡に関するマイクロスケール実験教材の改良と授業実践
Full text link通常のウェルプレートはマイクロスケール実験を行う際に使いやすく便利である反面、高価である。そこでマイクロスケール実験器具として、ペットボトルのキャップと白板紙で組み立てた安価な手作りウェルプレートを提案した。本研究では、酢酸とアンモニアの電離平衡の移動に関するマイクロスケール実験教材を、安価な手作りウェルプレートを用いて生徒が理解しやすいように改良した。
酢酸アンモニウム、酢酸ナトリウム、および塩化アンモニウムを酢酸水溶液およびアンモニア水に加えた。その結果、酢酸アンモニウムと酢酸ナトリウムを酢酸水溶液に、酢酸アンモニウムと塩化アンモニウムをアンモニア水に加えた場合に、それぞれ酢酸とアンモニアの電離平衡の移動が観察できた。酢酸とアンモニアの電離平衡の移動に関するマイクロスケール実験の授業を、高校生を対象に実施した。参加した高校生は真剣に取り組み、全員が正確な結果を得た。授業後の感想からも、概ね授業内容を評価する記述が確認できた。Although ordinary well plates are use and convenient for microscale experiments, they are expensive.
Therefore, we have proposed low-cost handmade well plates composed of plastic bottle caps and white cardboard containers as teaching materials on microscale experiments. In this study, we have improved microscale experimental materials on the shifts in ionization equilibria of acetic acid and ammonia in order to be more easily understood by students using the low-cost handmade well plates. Ammonium acetate, sodium acetate, and ammonium chloride were added to both the aqueous acetic acid solution and ammonia water. As a result, we easily observed that the addition of ammonium acetate and sodium acetate to aqueous acetic acid solution and that of ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride to ammonia water produced shifts in ionization equilibria of acetic acid and ammonia, respectively. We performed practical lessons on the shifts in ionization equilibria of acetic acid and ammonia for high school students. They worked earnestly and all obtained accurate results. The post-class comments showed that the students generally appreciated the content of the lessons.departmental bulletin pape
Why Do People Hesitate to Call Emergency Services? Psychological Determinants of Emergency Call Suppression in Japan
Full text link本研究の目的は、119番通報抑制の実態とその規定因を心理学的に検討することである。全国の20代から60代の男女1176名を対象にオンライン調査を実施した。回答者全体の約15％が通報抑制を経験しており、抑制された通報のうち約30％が結果的に必要だった。男性より女性の方が、年長者より若者の方が通報をためらいやすく、相互協調性が通報を抑制する一方、相互独立性が通報を促進していた。援助要請回避型の特徴をもつ人たちほど119番通報も控えやすかった。119番通報の適正利用を求める公的な周知は、必要な緊急通報も抑制してしまう危険性があった。そのため、周知方法には十分な注意を払うべきである。This study examines the psychological factors contributing to the suppression of 119 emergency calls in Japan. An online survey was conducted with men and women （N = 1,176, aged 20 to 69）across Japan. Results indicated that approximately 15% of participants had previously refrained from making an emergency call, and among these, nearly 30% involved situations in which the call was ultimately necessary. Women were more likely than men to hesitate before calling, and younger individuals were more likely than older individuals to suppress emergency calls. Independent selfconstrual was associated with a greater likelihood of making a call, whereas interdependent selfconstrual was linked to call suppression. Additionally, individuals with a strong tendency to avoid seeking help were significantly more likely to refrain from calling 119 in emergencies. Moreover, public campaigns promoting the appropriate use of emergency services might inadvertently discourage people from making necessary calls. Therefore, public messaging should be carefully designed to avoid reinforcing psychological barriers to seeking emergency assistance.departmental bulletin pape
