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Indigenous languages of the Americas and their structures: Sounds
No full textWhat do people mean when they talk about the sound pattern of a language—what linguists call phonology? This book explores that question in a hands-on way, with a focus on applying the knowledge in language revitalization and community language work. The book introduces basic ideas and analytic strategies using examples from Indigenous languages across North and South America. Short comprehension checks invite you to test your understanding, and language explorations encourage you to apply what you’ve learned to build your own description of the sound pattern of your language. Throughout, the book takes a practical approach to phonological analysis, not a theoretical approach. The book is designed to be accessible to community members and others without formal linguistic training who are engaged in or preparing for community language work. It is also appropriate for linguistics students and researchers in the early stages of their education about phonology or needing a quick refresher or reference on basic phonological analysis.Each chapter looks at one key concept, starting with language sounds and how they are made, how words are built, and how communities vary in their use of language. Other topics include the sounds specific to a language and how they are put together into words of that language, both in terms of sequences and in terms of syllables. The culmination is an exploration of how sound sequences and word building interact so that the words follow the general sound patterns of the language. Each chapter ends with some ideas about how to incorporate the topic of the chapter in community language work. The goal with each discussion is to help you both to understand each idea and to learn how to use it to describe or analyze a the way sounds work in a language. Importantly, the book also includes suggestions on tailoring your reading to your own goals, offering pointers on which sections you might skip and which ones could be especially useful for you
Das Framing von Extremismusvarianten im medialen Diskurs der Jahre 1999–2021: Eine corpus-driven Methode zur Erschließung und Visualisierung semantischer Frames
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit untersucht das Framing von Extremismusvarianten im medialen Diskurs der Jahre 1999 – 2021 und entwickelt eine corpus-driven Methode zur Erschließung und Visualisierung semantischer Frames. Sie verbindet Frame-semantische Theorie nach Busse mit Methoden und Annahmen der distributionellen Semantik und entwickelt ein Verfahren, um diskursives Wissen aus der musterhaften Verteilung von Wörtern in Korpora induktiv zu rekonstruieren.
Als Datengrundlage dient ein umfangreiches Korpus aus Online-Artikeln der Zeitungen taz, Spiegel und Welt. Methodisch kombiniert die Arbeit Word Embeddings und Kollokationsanalysen, um Frame-Elemente und ihre Relationen zu identifizieren und als Kollokationsnetzwerke zu visualisieren. Dieser Ansatz ermöglicht es, einen großen Teil des verstehensrelevanten Wissens zu erschließen, das zum Verständnis von Extremismus als sozialem Konzept notwendig ist, ohne auf vorab definierte Kategorien zurückzugreifen.
Die Analyse untersucht kontrastiv das Framing von Rechts- und Linksextremismus sowie Islamismus über acht Zeiträume hinweg sowie im Vergleich der Zeitungen. Sie zeigt, wie unterschiedliche Extremismusvarianten in den drei Zeitungen gerahmt werden, welche Akteure als extremistisch gelten, welche Handlungen ihnen zugeschrieben werden und wie sich diese diskursiven Konstruktionen im Zeitverlauf wandeln. Die Arbeit leistet damit sowohl einen methodischen Beitrag zur korpuslinguistischen Diskursanalyse als auch einen inhaltlichen zur Beschreibung des medialen Extremismusdiskurses in Deutschland.
Der Verkaufspreises dieses Buches in Deutschland wird auf 45 EUR festgesetzt.
This study examines the framing of variants of extremism in media discourse between 1999 and 2021 and develops a corpus-driven method for identifying and visualizing semantic frames. It combines Busse's frame-semantic theory with methods and assumptions of distributional semantics and develops a method for inductively reconstructing discursive knowledge from the patterned distribution of words in corpora.
An extensive corpus of online articles from the newspapers taz, Spiegel and Welt forms the empirical basis. Methodologically, the work combines word embeddings and collocation analysis to identify frame elements and their relations, visualizing them as collocation networks. This approach makes it possible to explore a large part of the knowledge relevant to understanding extremism as a social concept without resorting to predefined categories.
The analysis contrasts the framing of right-wing and left-wing extremism as well as Islamism over eight time periods and compares coverage across the three newspapers. It shows how different variants of extremism are framed, which actors are considered extremist, which actions are attributed to them, and how these discursive constructions change over time. The work thus contributes both a methodological innovation for corpus-assisted discourse studies and empirical insights into media representations of extremism in Germany.
The Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste: Unravelling their prehistory and classification
No full textFor 150 years there has been a question over how the Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste fit into the Austronesian world. The area is severely under-documented. There has been no consensus on the classification of these languages, and scholars admit to being perplexed. This is the first systematic attempt at subgrouping the whole region based on historical phonology, supplemented by morphosyntax and the lexicon. Insights from archaeology, DNA studies, and awareness of long-term contact with Papuan languages inform this study.
Nine Wallacean subgroups are identified, along with their internal structures. Light is shed on languages whose classification has been unclear. Discontinuities in the historical phonology suggest different groups speaking different Austronesian languages got off different boats at different places, probably at different times. No evidence is found supporting a monolithic Austronesian advance through the region, nor a common Austronesian parent language below PMP that links all Wallacean subgroups.
Speakers of SVO Austronesian languages with prepositions, preverbal negation, numbers before nouns, and post-posed possessors came into contact with speakers of languages of unrelated Papuan families, with postpositions, clause-final negation, numbers following nouns, preposed possessors, and other features of SOV languages. Austronesian languages adopted these features but not uniformly, such that features attributed to contact are uneven across the region. Some are not found in some subgroups or branches within subgroups. Distribution maps of phonological, grammatical, and lexical features show many features are not found in all subgroups, do not align with each other, and some are found outside the region. Austronesian languages in the region are a kind of uneven hybrid that make them typologically different from Austronesian languages to the west and north.
The study evaluates earlier proposals along with new possibilities to link subgroups in different ways, but finds no exclusively shared innovations inherited from a common parent. Scenarios are explored of how Austronesian-speaking peoples came into the region. The uneven distribution of various features is addressed. Implications are many, and warrant a revised picture of the Austronesian world.
Several factors enabled this more in-depth study than has been previously possible. Both authors have extensive experience in the region. Many Dutch-era sources have become accessible online. Recent publications and unpublished data have been shared by others. This enabled the authors to glean data from 517 Austronesian and Papuan languages from within the region as well as to the west and east of it, providing context. Within the region, data have been gleaned from 292 varieties (256 Austronesian, 36 Papuan), some of which are now extinct. The volume is data rich with 334 data tables, 78 figures (including 32 maps), and 195 numbered examples/lists of data.
The appendices in .txt format along with select figures and maps can be downloaded from: https://doi.org/10.18710/3CT9RO
Digitale Translatologie
No full textDigitale Ressourcen, Methoden und Werkzeuge sind heute in verschiedensten Bereichen von Translation und Translatologie anzutreffen. Es genügt also nicht mehr, in diesem Zusammenhang nur ganz allgemein von Maschineller Übersetzung, Korpora und Termdatenbanken zu sprechen. Diesem Umstand trägt der Band Rechnung: In Überblicksbeiträgen mit Handbuchcharakter wird ein Querschnitt des Digitalen in Translationsforschung, -praxis und -didaktik wiedergegeben. Dieser reicht von historischen und psychologischen Betrachtungen über Risikomanagement in digitalen Übersetzungsprozessen, Digitalisierung und KI im Dolmetschen, in der Audiovisuellen Translation und im Literarischen Übersetzen bis hin zur Skizze eines KI-Kompetenzmodells für die Translation und Fachkommunikation, um nur eine Auswahl aus der Themenvielfalt des Bandes zu benennen. Die einführend gehaltenen Texte eignen sich für Translationsstudierende ebenso wie für Lehrende und Forschende, die neue Bereiche der Digitalen Translatologie erkunden wollen, und nicht zuletzt für Praktizierende, die zugängliche Einblicke in den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zur Digitalen Translatologie erhalten wollen.
Der Preis dieses Buches wird auf 40,00€ in Deutschland festgesetzt
Digitale Translatologie
No full textDigitale Ressourcen, Methoden und Werkzeuge sind heute in verschiedensten Bereichen von Translation und Translatologie anzutreffen. Es genügt also nicht mehr, in diesem Zusammenhang nur ganz allgemein von Maschineller Übersetzung, Korpora und Termdatenbanken zu sprechen. Diesem Umstand trägt der Band Rechnung: In Überblicksbeiträgen mit Handbuchcharakter wird ein Querschnitt des Digitalen in Translationsforschung, -praxis und -didaktik wiedergegeben. Dieser reicht von historischen und psychologischen Betrachtungen über Risikomanagement in digitalen Übersetzungsprozessen, Digitalisierung und KI im Dolmetschen, in der Audiovisuellen Translation und im Literarischen Übersetzen bis hin zur Skizze eines KI-Kompetenzmodells für die Translation und Fachkommunikation, um nur eine Auswahl aus der Themenvielfalt des Bandes zu benennen. Die einführend gehaltenen Texte eignen sich für Translationsstudierende ebenso wie für Lehrende und Forschende, die neue Bereiche der Digitalen Translatologie erkunden wollen, und nicht zuletzt für Praktizierende, die zugängliche Einblicke in den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zur Digitalen Translatologie erhalten wollen.
Der Preis dieses Buches wird auf 40,00€ in Deutschland festgesetzt
Digitale Translatologie
No full textDigitale Ressourcen, Methoden und Werkzeuge sind heute in verschiedensten Bereichen von Translation und Translatologie anzutreffen. Es genügt also nicht mehr, in diesem Zusammenhang nur ganz allgemein von Maschineller Übersetzung, Korpora und Termdatenbanken zu sprechen. Diesem Umstand trägt der Band Rechnung: In Überblicksbeiträgen mit Handbuchcharakter wird ein Querschnitt des Digitalen in Translationsforschung, -praxis und -didaktik wiedergegeben. Dieser reicht von historischen und psychologischen Betrachtungen über Risikomanagement in digitalen Übersetzungsprozessen, Digitalisierung und KI im Dolmetschen, in der Audiovisuellen Translation und im Literarischen Übersetzen bis hin zur Skizze eines KI-Kompetenzmodells für die Translation und Fachkommunikation, um nur eine Auswahl aus der Themenvielfalt des Bandes zu benennen. Die einführend gehaltenen Texte eignen sich für Translationsstudierende ebenso wie für Lehrende und Forschende, die neue Bereiche der Digitalen Translatologie erkunden wollen, und nicht zuletzt für Praktizierende, die zugängliche Einblicke in den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zur Digitalen Translatologie erhalten wollen.
Der Preis dieses Buches wird auf 40,00€ in Deutschland festgesetzt
A grammar of Hewramî
No full textThis book is a comprehensive grammatical description of the Hewramî variety of Tekht, grounded in current linguistic methods. Hewramî is one of the most morphologically complex West Iranian languages. It is spoken by several thousand people in the high mountainous Hewraman region situated between Iranian and Iraqi Kurdistan.
This work is primarily based on a corpus of 46 narratives, collected during several trips to the Hewraman region between 2016 and 2023. This corpus was supplemented by elicitation tasks to provide a detailed account of the phonology, morphology, and syntax of Hewramî. Additionally, the grammar touches on prosody and information structure. The analysis is grounded in linguistic theory, particularly informed by the functional-typological approach.
This grammar is complemented by a text collection
The (in)transparency of meaning change and variation: A study of the indefinite cualquiera in European and Argentinian Spanish
No full textThis book investigates the development of the indefinite cualquiera in European and Argentinian Spanish, tracing their path from modal meanings like free choice and random selection to evaluative and even pejorative uses. Drawing on corpus data, variation across dialects, and formal semantic tools, the study probes how transparent these shifts are and what they reveal about the mechanisms of meaning change. The findings will interest linguists working on indefinites, variation, or the interface between form and interpretation—whether in synchrony or diachrony
Clans, spirits, land and food: Kilmeri texts
No full textThis collection of Kilmeri texts provides insight into the language and culture of the Kilmeri people in northern Papua New Guinea. Six narrators tell stories about their clans, their land, and its food supply during the ‘golden age’ as well as today. Life in the bush is never easy, as evil spirits often hinder people's efforts to find food. Readers will be introduced to a variety of genres, including legendary deeds of Kilmeri heroes, old village life, contemporary village life, and other oral traditions. All texts are presented in a parallel text version (Kilmeri-English) and in an interlinearised version. Each text is preceded by an introduction that describes the anthropological background and context of the story
The Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste: Unravelling their prehistory and classification
No full textFor 150 years there has been a question over how the Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste fit into the Austronesian world. The area is severely under-documented. There has been no consensus on the classification of these languages, and scholars admit to being perplexed. This is the first systematic attempt at subgrouping the whole region based on historical phonology, supplemented by morphosyntax and the lexicon. Insights from archaeology, DNA studies, and awareness of long-term contact with Papuan languages inform this study.
Nine Wallacean subgroups are identified, along with their internal structures. Light is shed on languages whose classification has been unclear. Discontinuities in the historical phonology suggest different groups speaking different Austronesian languages got off different boats at different places, probably at different times. No evidence is found supporting a monolithic Austronesian advance through the region, nor a common Austronesian parent language below PMP that links all Wallacean subgroups.
Speakers of SVO Austronesian languages with prepositions, preverbal negation, numbers before nouns, and post-posed possessors came into contact with speakers of languages of unrelated Papuan families, with postpositions, clause-final negation, numbers following nouns, preposed possessors, and other features of SOV languages. Austronesian languages adopted these features but not uniformly, such that features attributed to contact are uneven across the region. Some are not found in some subgroups or branches within subgroups. Distribution maps of phonological, grammatical, and lexical features show many features are not found in all subgroups, do not align with each other, and some are found outside the region. Austronesian languages in the region are a kind of uneven hybrid that make them typologically different from Austronesian languages to the west and north.
The study evaluates earlier proposals along with new possibilities to link subgroups in different ways, but finds no exclusively shared innovations inherited from a common parent. Scenarios are explored of how Austronesian-speaking peoples came into the region. The uneven distribution of various features is addressed. Implications are many, and warrant a revised picture of the Austronesian world.
Several factors enabled this more in-depth study than has been previously possible. Both authors have extensive experience in the region. Many Dutch-era sources have become accessible online. Recent publications and unpublished data have been shared by others. This enabled the authors to glean data from 517 Austronesian and Papuan languages from within the region as well as to the west and east of it, providing context. Within the region, data have been gleaned from 292 varieties (256 Austronesian, 36 Papuan), some of which are now extinct. The volume is data rich with 334 data tables, 78 figures (including 32 maps), and 195 numbered examples/lists of data.
The appendices in .txt format along with select figures and maps can be downloaded from: https://doi.org/10.18710/3CT9RO