Jurnal Online Universitas Jambi
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Identification of antipsychotic side effects in Schizophrenia patients using Naranjo algorithm at Jambi Psychiatric Hospital
No full textBackground: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that requires long-term antipsychotic therapy. However, the use of antipsychotics may lead to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that can affect patients’ quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to identify the types and likelihood of antipsychotic-related side effects among patients with schizophrenia using the Naranjo Algorithm. Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted in September 2025. Data were collected through structured patient interviews and verified using medical records. The probability of ADRs was assessed using the Naranjo Algorithm, and the data were analyzed descriptively. Results: Among 119 patients with schizophrenia, 12 met the inclusion criteria. These 12 patients experienced a total of 23 ADR events. Based on the Naranjo Algorithm, 4 patients (33.33%) were categorized as probable and 8 (66.67%) as possible. The most common adverse effects were severe sedation (6 cases, 29.09%) and weakness (6 cases, 29.09%), followed by acute dystonia, mouth stiffness, and hypotension (each 8.70%). Less frequent events included hyperglycemia, hypertension, leukocytosis, slurred speech, and hypersalivation (each 4.35%). Conclusion: Most adverse effects showed a possible to probable causal relationship with antipsychotic use. The Naranjo Algorithm proved useful for identifying ADRs and supporting pharmacovigilance activities in psychiatric settings. Enhanced clinical monitoring and patient education are recommended to minimize serious adverse effects
The relationship between climate factors and dengue fever incidence in Jambi City, Indonesia
No full textBackground: Dengue is one of the major public health problems in Indonesia. Climatic conditions play an important role in influencing mosquito populations and virus transmission. A change in climate conditions can lead to alterations in mosquito biology, such as breading lifespan, and virus replication rates, which in turn affect the incidence of human dengue cases. The aimed of this study is to analyze the relationship between climate factors and the dengue incidence by considering a lag effect of up to four months. Methods: This study employed a retrospective ecological time-series design. This study analysed the monthly dengue cases from January 2010 to December 2024. The data were obtained from the Jambi City Health Office. Climatic data, including minimum, maximum, and average temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), and rainfall (mm/day), were collected from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). The data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test with lag periods ranging from 0 to 4 months. Results: The results showed that maximum and average temperatures had a significant positive correlation with dengue cases at a three-month lag (r = 0.257; p = 0.001 and r = 0.181; p = 0.016, respectively). Rainfall exhibited a significant negative correlation (r = −0.205; p = 0.006). Minimum temperature and relative humidity were not significantly associated with dengue incidence. Conclusion: Temperature and rainfall influence dengue transmission with a three-month lag effect. These findings can support early warning systems and climate-informed dengue control programs
Revitalizing occupational health efforts to support the occupational safety and health of informal palm oil plantation workers: Scoping review
No full textBackground: Informal workers in the palm oil plantation sector face high risks of accidents and health hazards, but are often not covered by formal occupational health services. Occupational Health Posts are an initiative to reach them, but their implementation has not been optimal. Revitalizing Occupational Health Posts is important to strengthen inclusive and sustainable occupational safety and health services. Objective: This study aims to review the role of revitalizing Occupational Health Posts in supporting the safety and health of informal workers in palm oil plantations. Methods: This study used a scoping review approach based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework with PRISMA-ScR guidance. Literature searches were conducted through the Google Scholar database using keywords such as “Occupational Health Posts,” “informal workers,” “palm oil plantations,” and “Occupational Safety and Health.” Articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed thematically. Results: Of the seven selected articles, most showed that the existence of Occupational Health Posts positively contributed to raising workers’ awareness of occupational safety and health, providing promotive and preventive services, and bridging access to health services. However, challenges remain in terms of limited resources, cross-sectoral involvement, and program monitoring and evaluation. Conclusion: Both qualitative and quantitative studies highlight the need to revitalize Occupational Health Posts through a more participatory and locally needs-based approach. Such revitalization has great potential to support occupational safety and health protection for informal workers in palm oil plantations
Relationship between serum matrix Metalloproteinase-9 levels and severity of multibacillary leprosy in patients aged 30 years and under
No full textBackground: Leprosy presents a spectrum of immunological responses linked to pathological and clinical manifestations. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), an enzyme involved in extracellular matrix degradation and inflammation, has been implicated in cellular immunity. However, the relationship between MMP-9 levels and bacterial load in multibacillary (MB) leprosy remains incompletely understood, particularly across different age groups. Objective: To analyze the relationship between serum MMP-9 levels and Bacterial Index (BI) severity in MB leprosy patients, stratified by age groups. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from October 2017 to September 2018 at Dr. Rivai Abdullah Leprosy Hospital and Sukajadi Community Health Center, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Thirty-two newly diagnosed or recurrent MB leprosy patients were enrolled via consecutive sampling. Serum MMP-9 levels were measured using ELISA, and disease severity was classified by BI (<3 vs ≥3) using Slit Skin Smear. Data were analyzed using unpaired t-tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with significance set at P<0.05. Results: Age group and marital status significantly influenced BI severity (P<0.05). Among patients aged <30 years, those with BI≥3 had significantly lower serum MMP-9 levels (2101.44±430.02 ng/L) compared to BI<3 (2621.57±469.37 ng/L; P=0.044). In patients aged ≥30 years, MMP-9 levels were lower in BI≥3 group (1770.19±477.21 ng/L vs 2068.67±550.58 ng/L), but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Lower serum MMP-9 levels in severe MB leprosy may reflect diminished cell-mediated immunity. The significant inverse relationship between MMP-9 and BI in younger patients suggests age-dependent immunological variations. These findings support MMP-9 as a potential biomarker for disease severity assessment in MB leprosy
Analysis of the effectiveness of supplementary feeding programs for pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency
No full textBackground: chronic energy deficiency (CED) is a nutritional problem in pregnant women that is still common in Indonesia. CED in pregnant women can cause disorders in the mother's immune system, increase the risk of infection, and affect the body's ability to recover after childbirth. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a supplementary feeding program (SFM) for pregnant women with CED at the Kenali Besar Community Health Center, Jambi City. Methods: This was a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design. The study was conducted on 17 pregnant women with CED who received the supplementary feeding program from the Community Health Center for 3 months. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: Based on the results of the study, it is known that the supplementary feeding program is effective in overcoming CED in pregnant women (p-value: 0.001). Conclusion: Supplementary feeding program is effective in overcoming CED in pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended that the supplementary feeding program by the health center continue. In addition, supplementary feeding program provided should be based on local foods so that pregnant women can independently prepare healthy meals at home
Cytotoxicity of three Orchid species extracts against HeLa, MCF-7, and T47D cancer cells
No full textBackground: Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, necessitating the search for novel therapeutic agents from natural sources. Orchids, known to produce diverse secondary metabolites, hold significant potential. Objective: This study aims to evaluate and quantitatively compare the in vitro cytotoxicity activity of crude methanol extracts from three orchid species against HeLa, MCF-7, and T47D cells using the MTT assay. Methods: This study investigated the comparative in vitro cytotoxic activity of crude methanol extracts from three native orchid species, Cymbidium sp., Grammatophyllum speciosum, and Dendrobium crumenatum, against three human cancer cell lines: HeLa (cervical), MCF-7 (breast), and T47D (breast). Cytotoxicity assessment was performed using the MTT Assay. The extracts were tested at various concentrations to determine their inhibitory concentrations IC50.Results: The results showed that the three orchid extracts exhibited varying cytotoxic effects across the tested cell lines. Significantly, the crude methanol extract of Dendrobium crumenatum showed the most promising activity, especially against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 126.58±5.50 µg/mL. The activity against HeLa and T47D was less potent. These findings indicate that secondary metabolites in Dendrobium crumenatum have selective antiproliferative properties. Conclusion: In conclusion, the methanol extract of Dendrobium crumenatum is a potential candidate for the isolation and further identification of active compounds in developing anticancer drugs, especially for breast cancer
A digital pedagogy approach to teaching speaking in the 21st-century english classroom: An analysis and literature-based study
No full textThis research explores how digital pedagogy can be effectively integrated into speaking instruction in the 21st, century English classroom. The study was carried out at several higher education institutions in North Sumatera, namely Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU), Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED), and STKIP Al Maksum. These institutions represent a diverse range of English education programs where students often struggle with speaking performance due to limited opportunities for authentic practice, low confidence, and traditional teaching methods that rarely maximize the potential of digital tools. The research combines both literatures, based inquiry and empirical classroom analysis. A thorough review of the literature on digital pedagogy, communicative competence, and 21st, century learning informed the conceptual foundation of this study. This was complemented by field research, which involved questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations with students and lecturers. Findings indicate that digital pedagogical practices, such as digital storytelling, interactive multimedia, collaborative online platforms, and context, based speaking tasks, substantially enrich the learning experience. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on English language teaching by proposing a practical framework for embedding digital pedagogy into speaking instruction. It advocates for a shift from teacher, cantered methods toward learner, cantered, technology, driven classrooms that prepare students in North Sumatera, and by extension, other similar contexts, for the communicative demands of the 21st century
Kerapatan dan Tutupan Kanopi Mangrove di Perairan Sei Nyirih Pulau Bintan
No full textSei Nyirih is a river located between Madong Village and Sei Nyirih Village. The area has a mangrove ecosystem that is utilized by the government as a mangrove educational tourism area and utilized by the local community as a fishing area. This study aims to determine the density level of mangrove species and determine the mangrove canopy cover in the Sei Nyirih waters. This research was conducted in March-April 2024. The method used was a direct survey method in the field. By using random sampling, 15 points were randomly taken spread across the Sei Nyirih Waters. Each point has one research plot. There are six types of mangroves found at 15 research points, namely: Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops tagal, Xylocarpus granatum. The types of mangroves Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, and Xylocarpus granatum are the types that are always found at each sampling point. From 15 research points, the canopy cover % value ranged between 56.7% - 85.2%. Based on KEPMENLH No.201 of 2004, it is included in the Good and Very Dense categories. The lowest mangrove canopy cover was found at point six which is a mangrove tree felling. The highest mangrove canopy cover was found at point one which is a point whose location is far from population activities.Sei Nyirih merupakan sungai yang terletak diantara Kampung Madong dan Kampung Sei Nyirih kawasan tersebut memiliki ekosistem mangrove yang dimanfaatkan oleh pemerintah sebagai kawasan eduwisata mangrove dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat sebagai area menangkap ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kerapatan jenis mangrove dan mengetahui tutupan kanopi mangrove di perairan Sei Nyirih. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret- april 2024. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei langsung di lapangan. Dengan menggunakan random sampling secara acak diambil sebanyak 15 titik yang tersebar di Perairan Sei Nyirih, dimana Pada setiap titik memiliki 1 plot penelitian. terdapat 6 jenis mangrove yang ditemukan pada 15 Titik penelitian, yaitu: Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops tagal, Xylocarpus granatum. jenis mangrove Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, dan Xylocarpus granatum adalah jenis yang selalu dijumpai pada setiap titik sampling. Dari 15 titik penelitian diperoleh nilai kerapatan berkisar diantara 600-1800 ind/ha. Menurut KEPMENLH No.201 Tahun 2004 termasuk kategori kerapatan Sedang dan baik. Kerapatan terendah ditemukan pada titik 6 yang merupakan bekas penebangan pohon mangrove. Kerapatan tertinggi ditemukan pada titi 1 dan 3 yang lokasinya berada lebih jauh dari aktifitas penduduk. Dari 15 titik penelitian diperoleh nilai % tutupan kanopi berkisar diantara diantara 56,7% – 85,2% Berdasarkan KEPMENLH No.201 Tahun 2004 termasuk kategori Baik dan Sangat Padat. Tutupan kanopi mangrove terendah ditemukan pada titik 6 yang merupakan penebangan pohon mangrove. Tutupan kanopi mangrove tertinggi ditemukan pada titik 1 yang merupakan titik yang lokasi berada jauh dari aktifitas penduduk
Kualitas Fisik Kombinasi Beberapa Legum di dalam Wafer Jerami Padi: Physical Quality of Combination of several Legumes in Rice Straw Wafers
Full text linkBackground: During the harvest season, rice straw can be one of the agricultural wastes available in large quantities. If preserved by drying in the sun, then stored in a place procted from rain, the material can be used as a reserve of animal feed during the dry season. To improve the nutritional quality of west example the straw, it is necessary to process it by fermentation, apart from that you can also add legumes to animal feed. To increase efficiency in feeding livestock, it is best to make the feed in wafer form. Wafers are a technology that is quite effective in maintaining the continuity of animal feed, especially during the dry season. Purpose: The objective of this study was to ascertain the optimal concentration of Tiwai onion nano particles and how their feeding to broiler chickens affects broiler performance. Methods: Using a completely randomised complete block design (CRD), this study included five replicates and five treatments, each consisting of 4 broilers and reared until 35 days of age. Feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, final body weight, and mortality were the parameters of the study. Onion tiwai nanoparticles were administered at P0 which is the control or without the administration of nano particles. P1 0.2%, P2 0.4%, P3 0.6% and P4 (0.8%) contained tiwai onion. The data obtained were analysed using One Way Anova followed by Duncan's Test to examine the values of feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, final body weight, and mortality. Results: The study showed that the administration of tiwai onion nanoparticles had no significant effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, final body weight and mortality. Conclusion: Giving tiwai onion nanoparticles as a feed additive at a dose of 0.2% - 0.8% / kg had no significant effect on feed consumption, FCR, PBB, final body weight and mortality. Giving nano particles of tiwai onions is able to maintain health in livestock because the content of tiwai onions as a feed additive is able to increase the immune system antiviral, and as well as anti-bacterial which can reduce bacterial growth so that the mortality rate in the study was 0% or no deaths.Latar Belakang: Pada musim panen, jerami padi bisa menjadi salah satu limbah pertanian yang tersedia dalam jumlah besar. Apabila diawetkan dengan cara dikeringkan d bawah sinar matahari, kemudian disimpan di tempat yang terlindung dari hujan, bahan tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai cadangan pakan ternak selama musim kemarau. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi bahan pakan asal limbah seperti jerami, perlu dilakukan pengolahan dengan metoda fermentasi, selain itu dapat juga menambahkan leguminosa ke dalam pakan ternak. Peningkatan efisiensi dalam pemberian pakan pada ternak sebaiknya pakan dibuat dalam bentuk wafer. Wafer merupakan salah satu teknologi yang cukup efektif dalam menjaga kontinuitas pakan ternak terutama pada musim kemarau. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik jerami padi fermentasi yang ditambahkan dengan beberapa legum. Metode: Pembuatan wafer ini dilaksanakan di Sijunjung dan analisis kadar air, daya serap air, kerekatan/kerapatan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium fakultas pertanian Universitas Taman Siswa Padang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai pada bulan Februari sampai bulan Juni 2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode experiment, yang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan yaitu sebagai berikut : P1 (60% Jerami Padi + 30% Daun Gamal + 10% Dedak Halus), P2 (60% Jerami Padi + 30% Daun Lamtoro + 10% Dedak Halus), P3 (60% Jerami Padi + 30% Daun Kaliandra + 10% Dedak Halus), P4 (60% Jerami Padi + 30% Daun Ketepeng + 10% Dedak Halus). Hasil: Analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa kualitas fisik kombinasi beberapa legum di dalam wafer jerami padi fermentasi berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kadar air, daya serap, dan kerekatan/kerapatan wafer. Kesimpulan: Penambahkan beberapa legum di dalam wafer jerami padi fermentasi menghasilkan kualitas fisik wafer yang baik
Prevalensi Schistosomiasis pada Hewan Reservoir Sapi (Bos, sp) dan Kerbau (Bubalus, sp) dalam Sistem Peternakan Ekstensif di Lembah Napu, Sulawesi Tengah: Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Reservoir Animals Cattle (Bos, sp) and Buffalo (Bubalus, sp) in Extensive Livestock System in Napu Valley, Central Sulawesi
Full text linkBackground: Schistosomiasis is endemic in Central Sulawesi, namely in Lindu, Bada, and Napu Valley. In the Napu Valley, schistosomiasis not only attacks humans but also mammals such as cattle and buffalo. Purpose: The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis in cattle (Bos sp) and buffalo (Bubalus sp.) in extensive livestock systems in the Napu Valley, Central Sulawesi. Methods: Sampling of cow and buffalo feces. Next, a stool examination was carried out to see the type of worm eggs microscopically using the Kato-Katz method at the Schistosomiasis Laboratory of the North Lore Health Service, Poso Regency. The number of samples used was 10 each, consisting of female cows, male cows, female calf cows, and male calf cows, as well as female buffaloes, male buffaloes, female calf buffaloes, and male calf buffaloes. Results: The research results found more than 1 species of worm eggs that infect cattle and buffalo, namely Schistosoma japonicum, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm. The prevalence of schistosomiasis is higher in cows compared to buffalo; this is because cows have more attack power with more pores, so cows are more easily infected by parasites. Apart from that, cows also roam further in search of food than buffalo. When it rains, most buffalo just lie in a wallow. Unlike cows, even though it rains, cows still walk to look for food. Conclusion: The conclusion is that the prevalence of schistosomiasis is more common in cattle, namely 11 positive cases, and in buffalo there are only 2 positive cases.Latar Belakang: Schistosomiasis merupakan penyakit endemik di Sulawesi Tengah yaitu di Lindu, Bada, dan Lembah Napu. Di Lembah Napu Schistosomiasis tidak hanya menyerang pada manusia, tetapi juga pada hewan mamalia seperti Sapi dan Kerbau. Tujuan: Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi schistosomiasis pada sapi (Bos sp.) dan kerbau (Bubalus sp.) pada sistem peternakan ekstensif di Lembah Napu, Sulawesi Tengah. Metode: Pengambilan sampel feses sapi dan kerbau. Selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan feses untuk melihat jenis telur cacing secara mikroskopis dengan metode kato-katz di Laboratorium Schistosomiasis Dinas Kesehatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso. Jumlah Sampel yang digunakan yaitu masing-masing di ambil 10 ekor yang terdiri sapi betina, sapi jantan, sapi anakan betina, dan sapi anakan jantan serta kerbau betina, kerbau jantan, kerbau anakan betina dan kerbau anakan jantan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ditemukan lebih dari 1 spesies telur cacing yang menginfeksi sapi dan kerbau, yaitu Schistosoma japonicum, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura dan Hookworm. Prevalensi schistosomiasis lebih tinggi pada sapi jika dibandingkan kerbau, hal ini dikarenakan pada sapi memiliki daya serang dengan pori-pori lebih banyak, sehingga sapi lebih gampang terinfeksi oleh parasit. Selain itu jarak jelajah sapi juga lebih jauh dalam mencari pakan, daripada kerbau. Pada saat hujan, kebanyakan kerbau beridam diri ditempat kubangan saja. Berbeda dengan sapi, walaupun hujan sapi tetap berjalan untuk mencari pakan. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan yaitu prevalensi schistosomiasis lebih banyak terdapat pada sapi yaitu 11 yang positif, dan pada kerbau hanya terdapat 2 yang positif