UCLouvain: Open Journal Repository (Université catholique de Louvain)
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Parasol City: Apprentissage par projet en conception et fabrication assistées par ordinateur
Get PDFRésumé. Alors que la digitalisation du réel modifie profondément notre rapport au monde, une expérience pédagogique a été menée avec des étudiant·es de deuxième année de bachelier en architecture, pour acquérir des compétences en conception et fabrication assistées par ordinateur (CFAO). La méthode pédagogique est fondée sur une posture socioconstructiviste et une mise en situation avec la méthode de l’apprentissage par projets. À l’issue d’un travail en équipe, les étudiant·es ont créé différentes variations paramétriques pour fabriquer une Parasol City.
Abstract. At a time when the digitalisation of reality is profoundly changing our relationship with the world, a teaching experiment was carried out with second-year Bachelor of Architecture students, to acquire skills in computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM). The teaching method is based on a socio-constructivist approach and a project-based learning method. Working in teams, the students created different parametric variations to make a Parasol City
Witchcraft Accusations in the Tarim Basin: Cases from the Kharoṣṭhī Documents Discovered at Caḍota (the Niya Ruins)
Get PDFThe Niya documents from the Tarim Basin include correspondence from a king to his officials to investigate complaints made by two men about the killing of women for being witches and theft of her property, and an allegation against a Buddhist monk and his household for using witchcraft and poison against the monk’s younger brother. To be a witch and to practice witchcraft was unlawful and a punishable offence, but false accusations required compensation for the aggrieved party, with the threat of future punishments as a deterrent for raising complaints again. But it is not immediately clear why people were accused in the first place. How were witches identified? Which practices constituted witchcraft? Why did people make false accusations, kill women, or use ‘witchcraft’ against others? This article examines four documents that summarise the complaints made by the different men. It defines and contextualises the key vocabulary used to describe witches, witchcraft, and poison. Other documents are investigated that possibly name some of the complainants, the accused, and other people mentioned in the cases to understand their characters and why they may have attracted accusations or been targeted by members of the community. The article then explores texts, literature, legal cases, and studies from other parts of the ancient and modern world to suggest reasons for accusing people of being witches or using witchcraft, targeting people via association with accused witches, and why people may have used practices associated with witchcraft, such as poison, against other people. It further explores if accusations could be connected to gender and why. The cases suggest that ritual and social othering, envy, status, personal rivalries, domestic and community conflicts, and conflict over resources were some of the possible reasons for accusations. Shaming and emasculating influential men through false accusations and targeting women under their guardianship suggests that gender was an important factor in accusations. Likewise, attempts to restrict women socially, economically, and ritually could have been a key reason why only women were accused of being witches and subject to punishment, whereas men accused of using witchcraft escaped punishment due to their status. Corruption and abuse of power were behind some accusations and delayed justice.The Niya documents from the Tarim Basin include correspondence from a king to his officials to investigate complaints made by two men about the killing of women for being witches and theft of her property, and an allegation against a Buddhist monk and his household for using witchcraft and poison against the monk’s younger brother. To be a witch and to practice witchcraft was unlawful and a punishable offence, but false accusations required compensation for the aggrieved party, with the threat of future punishments as a deterrent for raising complaints again. But it is not immediately clear why people were accused in the first place. How were witches identified? Which practices constituted witchcraft? Why did people make false accusations, kill women, or use ‘witchcraft’ against others? This article examines four documents that summarise the complaints made by the different men. It defines and contextualises the key vocabulary used to describe witches, witchcraft, and poison. Other documents are investigated that possibly name some of the complainants, the accused, and other people mentioned in the cases to understand their characters and why they may have attracted accusations or been targeted by members of the community. The article then explores texts, literature, legal cases, and studies from other parts of the ancient and modern world to suggest reasons for accusing people of being witches or using witchcraft, targeting people via association with accused witches, and why people may have used practices associated with witchcraft, such as poison, against other people. It further explores if accusations could be connected to gender and why. The cases suggest that ritual and social othering, envy, status, personal rivalries, domestic and community conflicts, and conflict over resources were some of the possible reasons for accusations. Shaming and emasculating influential men through false accusations and targeting women under their guardianship suggests that gender was an important factor in accusations. Likewise, attempts to restrict women socially, economically, and ritually could have been a key reason why only women were accused of being witches and subject to punishment, whereas men accused of using witchcraft escaped punishment due to their status. Corruption and abuse of power were behind some accusations and delayed justice
Scholars and Literati at the University of Pisa (1343–1800)
Get PDFThis note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Pisa from its inception in 1343 to 1800
Scholars and Literati at the Royal Zeeland Scientific Society (1769–1800)
Get PDFThis note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati at the Royal Zeeland Scientific Society between its creation in 1769 and 1800
Wittgenstein, Language, and the Trinity
Get PDFTheistic religions differ in their conceptions of the nature of God. One philosophical-theological position, the Christian Trinity, stands out as unique amongst theistic religions. If such a position were demonstrated, it would significantly narrow the philosophical-theological gap in discussions of God’s nature. I proposed that such an argument in favor of the Christian Trinity can be found in Wittgenstein’s philosophy of language. It is argued that language is an essentially social phenomenon and that God is a language user requiring God to be an essentially social being. As a result, either polytheism or the Christian Trinity is true. I argue that this divine social nature is best explained by the Christian Trinity
Personal Persistence and Post-Mortem Survival
Get PDFCan a materialist look for the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come? Dean Zimmerman’s Falling Elevator Model is a speculative account of how persons, understood as material beings, might survive in a post-mortem resurrected state—a just-so story. It assumes endurantism, the doctrine that persons and other ordinary objects are three-dimensional beings which are wholly present at every time they exist. I argue that neither endurantism, nor purdurantism, according to which persons are four-dimensional ‘worms’ who have proper temporal parts at every time that they exist, provides a plausible account of personal survival. If you want to be a Christian materialist you should embrace exdurantism, the ‘stage theory’, according which persons are instantaneous stages and are not identical to their temporal successors either in this world or in any world to come. Exdurantism provides a plausible account of survival in ordinary cases and extraordinary cases of this-worldly fission, and of post-mortem survival
Extension et déstabilisation d’une politique de santé publique : L’entrée des « Maisons Sport-Santé » dans le dispositif d’encadrement de la prescription médicale d’activité physique
Get PDFFrom 2020 to 2022, the French ministries of Sport and Health rewarded 436 structures with the “Maisons Sport-Santé” (MSS) label. Regarding their specification, the MSS should organize and coordinate the physical activity provision and the paths of those receiving a medical prescription. However, in many local territories, several MSS rewarded the label and platforms run by public or civil society actors supported by the State in region (ARS and DRJSCS) already carried out actions before the labeling. From a qualitative survey conducted in four metropolitan regions, this article shows how a label may destabilize a local space by jeopardizing the emerging legitimacy and by increasing the number of recognized actors to fulfill the same missions. By returning to the diversity of structures which could reward a label, this article aims to analyze differentiated interpretations of the local level organization and coordination. The evolution of the number of labeled structures and the relations between them also enable to question the procedural impetus of medical prescription of physical activity controls.Entre 2020 et 2022 en France, le ministère des Sports et celui des Solidarités et de la Santé ont labellisé 436 structures « Maisons Sport-Santé » (MSS). D’après leur cahier des charges, les MSS doivent organiser et coordonner l’offre d’activité physique et les parcours des personnes recevant une prescription médicale. Or, sur de nombreux territoires, plusieurs MSS sont labellisées alors que des plateformes organisées par des acteurs publics ou associatifs et soutenues par l’État en région (ARS et DRJSCS) menaient déjà ces actions. À partir d’une enquête qualitative dans quatre régions métropolitaines, l’article montre comment l’usage d’un label peut déstabiliser un espace local par la remise en cause des légitimités naissantes et la multiplication du nombre d’acteurs reconnus pour les mêmes missions. En revenant sur la diversité des structures pouvant être labellisées, et en particulier l’émergence de structures privées marchandes et hospitalières reconnues par les pouvoirs publics, l’article propose une analyse des lectures différenciées de l’organisation et de la coordination de l’espace local. L’évolution du nombre de structures labellisées et des relations entre les structures permet aussi d’interroger la dynamique processuelle des dispositifs d’encadrement de la prescription médicale d’activité physique
Scholars and Literati at the University of Lwów (1608-1800)
Get PDFThis note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Lwów from its inception in 1608 to the end of the premodern period (1800)
Editorial – Britain’s Migrant Policy in the Crosshairs
No full textOn 15 November, the British Supreme Court (R [on the application of AAA (Syria) and Others] [Respondents/Cross Appellants], [2023] UKSC 42) unanimously ruled that the government’s plan (Memorandum of Understanding) to deport asylum seekers who have arrived in the UK illegally to Rwanda was illegal. This ruling came at the end of a long saga that began a year ago under Boris Johnson’s government. In mid-2022, an initial flight was canceled at the last minute by the European Court of Human Rights. Then, at the end of June 2023, the London Court of Appeal ruled that the project was “unlawful,” finding that Rwanda could not be considered a “safe third country.” The judges found that there was “a real risk that people sent to Rwanda would (subsequently) be returned to their country of origin where they would face persecution and other inhuman treatment.” This reasoning was validated by the Supreme Court on Wednesday