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Premier cas rapporté d’abcès lingual causé par Salmonella Typhi
Get PDFSalmonella species are foodborne bacteria that can cause gastroenteritis, bacteremia and local infections through hematogenous spread. We present the case of a young patient of Malian origin who developed a lingual abscess due to Salmonella typhi. This rare presentation has not yet been described in scientific literature. The diagnosis was made by bacteriological analysis following incision and drainage of the abscess. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initiated and adjusted based on culture results. This article reports on the first documented case of a lingual abscess caused by Salmonella typhi.
Les salmonelles sont des bactéries d’origine alimentaire pouvant occasionner des gastro-entérites, des bactériémies et des infections locales par dissémination hématogène. Nous présentons le cas d’un jeune patient d’origine malienne ayant développé un abcès lingual à Salmonella typhi. Cette présentation, rare, n’a pas encore été décrite dans la littérature scientifique. Le diagnostic a été posé par analyse bactériologique suite à l’incision et au drainage de l’abcès. Une antibiothérapie à large spectre a été instaurée et adaptée en fonction des résultats de la culture. Cet article rapporte le premier cas documenté d’abcès lingual causé par Salmonella typhi.
 
Is depression a vague concept in psychiatry?
Get PDFIn this paper I investigate whether "depression" is a vague concept in psychiatry and the consequence of this for philosophers who would like to contribute to the elaboration of an objective definition of it. Assuming that this concept aims at referring to a mental disorder, I show that the current definition of "depression" is controverted: we lack a unified scientific model of it, so a consensual objective definition of it. Actually there is its clinical definition in the nosology but this definition consisting in a list of criteria is accused of being unsufficient to draw a sharp limit between normal and pathological cases. Hence vague boundaries of the extension of the concept as referring to a mental disorder. Moreover its clinical criteria, as descriptive and non distinctive, need to be interpreted by clinicians in a way that remains implicit and contextually variable, and they can apply to completely different clinical pictures. I interpret this as a variability of the descriptive definition of "depression", so that its conditions of use depend on the context: it may apply to two cases that have nothing in common except similarities. Applying the famous wittgensteinien characterization of the concept of "game" to "depression", I argue that this vagueness can be interpreted as showing that "depression" works as cluster of concepts whose instances only share "family resemblances". From this philosophical interpretation I draw the conclusion that the "vagueness problem" of depression at a theoretical level does not make the use of this concept problematic, since this in practice use is always related to a context conferring a specific meaning to the concept. I conclude that philosophers should not look in the clinical sciences for an objective definition of depression as a list of necessary and sufficient conditions pointing at its essence: they should rather either describe the family resemblances between the different versions of this concept, or try to stipulate a definition providing it sharp boundaries. A stipulative definition would be motivated by a pragmatic purpose while not delegitimizing other uses that could be made of the concept. Such a purpose could be to target only medically relevant conditions; actually such conditions do not necessarily have to be conceived of as conditions where there is a disease understood as pathological process that we could objectively define, but they can be seen as conditions that we have medical means to take care of with more benefits than disadvantages
Compte-rendu : Death: Perspectives from the philosophy of biology, Philippe Huneman, éditions Palgrave Macmillan, 2023
No full textCompte-rendu de Death: Perspectives from the philosophy of biology, de Philippe Huneman, publié chez Palgrave Macmillan en 2023
An airgun projectile in the maxillary sinus of an adult: a case report
Get PDFGunshots with non-powder weapons are relatively common in children, and most of them occur unintentionally. This paper describes the second known case of an adult male in whom a shot from an airgun resulted in the presence of a projectile within the maxillary sinus. A 47-year-old man was shot inadvertently about 10 years earlier and was asymptomatic at the time of reporting. The presence of a foreign body detected on a routine orthopantomogram was confirmed by a medical interview and a three-dimensional radiological examination. The pellet located in the right maxillary sinus was removed from intraoral access through the anterior wall of the sinus. The course of the surgical procedure was complicated by the projectile dislocation in relation to the position determined by radiological examinations. Postoperative care and a 4-year follow-up period were uneventful. The maxillary sinus may be considered a favorable location for a persistent projectile, which may reside in the maxillofacial region asymptomatically for many years. The foreign body may move loosely in the maxillary sinus, which should be taken into account when planning an operation.Gunshots with non-powder weapons are relatively common in children, and most of them occur unintentionally. This paper describes the second known case of an adult male in whom a shot from an airgun resulted in the presence of a projectile within the maxillary sinus. A 47-year-old man was shot inadvertently about 10 years earlier and was asymptomatic at the time of reporting. The presence of a foreign body detected on a routine orthopantomogram was confirmed by a medical interview and a three-dimensional radiological examination. The pellet located in the right maxillary sinus was removed from intraoral access through the anterior wall of the sinus. The course of the surgical procedure was complicated by the projectile dislocation in relation to the position determined by radiological examinations. Postoperative care and a 4-year follow-up period were uneventful. The maxillary sinus may be considered a favorable location for a persistent projectile, which may reside in the maxillofacial region asymptomatically for many years. The foreign body may move loosely in the maxillary sinus, which should be taken into account when planning an operation
Récit de vie – L'intelligence collective
No full textRécit de vie recueilli par Béatrice Chapaux dans le cadre d’un projet Migrations et récits de vie financé par le Fonds de développement culturel d’UCLouvain Culture
Fine-Tuning and the Multiverse Argument Against Naturalism
Get PDFThe multiverse is often invoked by naturalists to avoid a design inference from the fine-tuning of the universe. I argue that positing that we live in a naturalistic multiverse (NM) makes it plausible that we currently exist in a problematic skeptical scenario, though the exact probability that we do is inscrutable. This, in turn, makes agnosticism the rational position to hold concerning the reliability of our reasoning skills, the accuracy of our sensory inputs, and the veracity of our memories. And that means that agnosticism is also the rational position to hold concerning all the beliefs derived from those sources, which includes nearly all of them. Consequently, there is an unacceptable skeptical cost to accepting a NM, thereby requiring a rejection of the NM as a counter to fine-tuning or a rejection of naturalism itself
Scholars and Literati at the University of Uppsala (1477–1800)
Get PDFThis note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Uppsala from its inception in 1477 to 1800. For more detailed information about these individuals, please visit the comprehensive database available at https://shiny-lidam.sipr.ucl.ac.be/scholars/
Conseil constitutionnel français, 28 mai 2024, Mohamed K.: Le droit de s’alimenter de l’étranger retenu : une première application positive du principe constitutionnel de protection de la dignité humaine
No full textEn 2012, la France a introduit, dans son arsenal des dispositifs de contrôle des étrangers, la procédure de retenue pour vérification du droit de circulation ou de séjour. L’article L. 813-13 du Code de l’entrée et du séjour des étrangers et du droit d’asile, qui prévoit les mentions obligatoires du procès-verbal de retenue, ne visait pas le droit à l’alimentation de l’étranger. Or, par cette procédure, celui-ci était susceptible d’être retenu jusqu’à 24 heures dans les locaux de la police. Le Conseil constitutionnel censure la disposition litigieuse, car elle ne respecte pas la protection accordée en France à la dignité humaine lorsqu’est mise en œuvre une mesure privative de liberté. Cependant, au regard des effets excessifs qu’entraînerait la censure, le Conseil décide de reporter l’abrogation de la disposition au 1er juin 2025
What Becomes of the Damned: Annihilationism Consistent with Nonexistent Objects
Get PDFAnnihilationism provides a fruitful point of contact between philosophers and theologians for further reflection on nonexistence. In this paper I articulate a key commitment of annihilationism; namely, that some persons cease to exist. Such a commitment, I argue, amounts to the claim that some persons exist at time t and then do not exist at t+1, become ‘annihilated objects.’ Claims about annihilated objects induct the annihilationist into a wider realism/anti-realism debate about nonexistent objects. I survey some major viewpoints in this debate. I then draw out some implications for each view for the annihilationist’s commitment to annihilated objects. I show that annihilationism is consistent with some forms of realism and anti-realism and inconsistent with others
Still Another Anti-Molinist Argument
Get PDFMolinists offer a tempting bargain: accept divine middle knowledge, and reap solutions to a number of philosophical/theological problems. The prime benefit we are meant to reap from middle knowledge is a solution to the problem of freedom and providence. I argue that they cannot deliver. Even if we make metaphysical and semantic assumptions that have generally been considered friendly to Molinism, Molinism is in danger of undermining divine providence altogether. The spectre of this “collapse” persists despite Molinism-friendly assumptions and plagues the best Molinist theories defended in the literature