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Sola Scriptura and the Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism
Get PDFInspired by Plantinga’s Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism (EAAN), we develop an argument—the “Scriptural Argument Against Dogmatic Protestantism” (SAADP)—that Protestants who accept the doctrine of sola scriptura cannot reasonably hold that Catholic and Eastern churches are in doctrinal error. If sola scriptura is true and Catholic and Eastern Churches have fallen into error, it is improbable that any Protestant can reliably form true beliefs about controversial points of Christian doctrine, including sola scriptura or suggestions that Catholic and Eastern Christians are in error. We evaluate potential responses to SADDP, considering how SAADP should affect ecumenical doctrinal debates
Bulgakov on Gender
No full textThis article discusses Sergei Bulgakov’s theological view on gender and examines the extent to which his Trinitarian approach can be considered a response to the feminist charge of essentialism, or the view that there are properties women qua women or men qua men share which unify them, respectively. In the process, it also evaluates various charges against Bulgakov. The interpretation offered in this paper suggests that Bulgakov’s theological view is essentialist in one sense, but without evidently falling prey to the commonly voiced charge of essentialism. In order to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of Bulgakov’s view, the article outlines his Trinitarian approach along the following systematised propositions: (1) Human beings are created in the image of God. (2) All human beings share the same human nature. (3) Human nature participates in the divine nature. (4) Some human beings are male, some are female. (5) Male and female are two hypostases of human nature. (6) As male and female, human beings are created in the image of the triune God. (7) In the triune God, there are three hypostases of one divine nature: the Father (first hypostasis) revealing himself in the Son (second hypostasis) and in the Holy Spirit (third hypostasis). (8) Male human beings are created in the image of the second hypostasis of God (the Son); female human beings are created in the image of the third hypostasis of God (the Holy Spirit). (9) The fullness of the image of the triune God is present only in the duality and union of male and female human beings. (10) The relation between the two hypostases of human nature—male and female—reflects the relation between the two revealing hypostases of the divine nature, the Son and Holy Spirit, but not vice versa; the former are the images, the latter the proto-images. (11) As created in the image of the triune God, male and female human beings are the bearers of, and constituted by, male and female principles. (12) These male and female principles have both a spiritual and bodily form (that correspond to each other). (13) In the spiritual form, each human being consists—unconfusedly but inseparably—of both male and female principles. (14) As a bodily (form of the male and female) principle, biological sex is secondary to, and an authentic embodiment of, the spiritual (form of the male and female) principles. The article concludes that if one takes Bulgakov’s view one step further, one might reach the conclusion that gender has a two-fold nature: one theological and the other social—and both are related to sex, albeit in different ways
What is good scientific expertise for decision-making? Relevance matters
No full text This article aims to clarify the conditions under which communication between scientific experts and decision-makers succeeds – or fails – by emphasising the importance of the relevance of the information provided in relation to the questions decision-makers are asking. It focuses in particular on the courtroom setting, which offers a close-up view of the crucial role played by the relevance of the questions addressed to experts and the answers they provide.Cet article vise à clarifier les conditions du succès – ou les raisons de l’échec – de la communication entre experts scientifiques et décideurs, en mettant en avant l'importance de la pertinence des informations transmises pour les questions que se posent ces derniers. Il se concentre en particulier sur le cadre du tribunal, qui permet d’examiner à la loupe le rôle crucial que joue la pertinence des questions posées aux experts et des réponses qu’ils y apportent
La main de l'architecte
No full textNous le savons, en qualité d’architecte, les dessins ne s’adressent pas à la vue. Ils s’adressent à la pensée à travers la vue. Ils sont des " vues de l’esprit" (Jacob, 2011). Un plan ou une coupe ne sont rien d’autre. Comme vues de l’esprit les dessins s’offrent à l’exercice d’une pensée irréductible ni au verbe ni au geste de la main.
As architects, we know that drawings are not intended for the eye. They are intended for the mind through the eye. They are “views of the mind” (Jacob, 2011). A plan or a section is nothing else. As views of the mind, drawings lend themselves to the exercise of thought that cannot be reduced to words or hand gestures. 
Le mot de la rédaction
No full textInnovations didactiques dans l’enseignement du français langue étrangère en contexte vietnamien
 
Populism on the move: Analysis of the circulation of the words populismo(s) and populista(s) on the Twitter accounts of the main political parties and leaders in Spain
No full textThis article focuses on the digital political discourse containing the words populista(s), and populist(s) (henceforth, populis*) in Spain in 2019. We analyse the circulation of populis* on the Twitter accounts of the main Spanish political parties and leaders. We focus on the circulation of information (López Meri, 2015; Alloing and Vanderbiest, 2018) between arenas of public discussion (Jasper, 2019; Badouard et al., 2016). First, we analyse whether Twitter is used to produce original uses of populis* or if it rather works as a platform to replicate uses produced in other arenas. Secondly, for the circulated uses, we analyse the sources in which the word was originally employed, as well as the actors whose uses of populis* were circulated. Our data show (i) that Twitter primarily served for circulating messages from other arenas, and (ii) a strong ideological homophily, with parties and leaders mostly circulating messages produced by likeminded actors.
Keywords: circulation, populism, Twitter, Spai
Créativité et IA: cinq dualités et trois recommandations dans l’intégration des IA génératives en agence de communication
Get PDFThe integration of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) into various economic and social spheres has accelerated at a speed that could not have been foreseen just a year ago. All professional sectors are affected, with each trying to assess the gains and limits of this integration. The creative communications sector - advertising agencies, digital agencies, communications freelancers, content creators - is no exception, as the entire chain of strategic decisions leading up to creation integrates its share of IAGs to optimize operations and accelerate production. However, these promises come with a host of ethical, economic and interpersonal impacts that are still difficult to assess. This paper proposes to circumscribe this impact on the ideation and creation processes in creative communication. Based on the dynamic and processual model of applied creativity, we identify five dualities between the gains and challenges to creativity in the use of GenAI. Finally, we propose three recommendations for the integration of GenAI in creative communication agencies.L’intégration de l’intelligence artificielle générative (IAGen) dans différentes sphères économiques et sociales s’est accélérée à une vitesse qu’on n’aurait pu prévoir. Tous les secteurs professionnels sont touchés, chacun tentant d’évaluer les gains et limites de cette intégration. Le milieu de la communication créative – agences de publicité, agence numérique, pigistes en communication, créateurs de contenu – ne fait pas exception alors que toute la chaîne de décisions stratégiques menant à la création de messages intègre son lot d’IAGen pour optimiser les opérations et accélérer la production. Toutefois, ces promesses sont assorties d’un lot d’impacts éthiques, économiques, interpersonnels qu’il est encore difficile d’évaluer. L’industrie de la communication créative reposant sur la valeur accordée à la créativité des agences, cet article relève les tensions engendrées par l’arrivée des IAGen et l’impact de ces dernières sur les processus de création. Soutenus par une revue de la littérature narrative sur les promesses et enjeux des IAGen et partant d’une perspective sociomatérielle de la créativité, nous relevons cinq dualités entre les gains et les défis à la créativité dans l’usage des IAGen. Au final, nous proposons trois recommandations dans l’intégration des IAGen dans les agences de communication créative
Plateformes et données : reconfigurations dans les métiers de la communication numérique: introduction du dossier thématique
No full textScholars and Literati at the University of Olomouc (Olmütz) (1570–1778)
Get PDFThis note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Olomouc (Universitas Olomucensis) from its earliest days to the dissolution of the Jesuit order (1778). The city in which the university was located is called Olomouc in Czech and Olmütz in German
C.J.U.E., 27 février 2025, K.A.M. c. République de Chypre, C-454/23, EU:C:2025:114: L’examen des actes et comportements antérieurs à l’entrée dans un État membre : une nouvelle dimension dans la révocation et le refus d’octroi du statut de réfugié
No full textLa Cour de justice de l’Union européenne se prononce sur la possibilité pour un État membre de révoquer ou de refuser le statut de réfugié en se basant sur des actes ou comportements antérieurs à l’entrée du demandeur sur son territoire, lorsqu’il évalue la menace que ce demandeur représente pour la sécurité. Dans cet arrêt, la Cour rappelle d’abord la distinction entre la révocation et le refus d’octroi du statut de réfugié, ainsi que celle entre le statut et la qualité de réfugié. Elle estime qu’un État membre peut révoquer ou refuser d’octroyer le statut de réfugié si des raisons légitimes de considérer le demandeur comme une menace pour la sécurité se fondent sur des actes ou comportements antérieurs à son entrée sur le territoire. La Cour précise que cette décision est valable même si ces actes ou comportements ne figurent pas parmi les causes d’exclusion prévues par la directive 2011/95 et la Convention de Genève de 1951. Enfin, l’arrêt conclut à la compatibilité de cette approche au regard de cette Convention, laquelle n’évoque pas cette possibilité