Jurnal Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang
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Religious Traditions and Cultural Acculturation: A Global Bibliometric Mapping (2001–2025)
Full text linkThe proposed research is expected to present a bibliometric mapping of the world research on religious traditions and cultural acculturation of the past 20 years (2001-2025). Using 324 publications indexed in the Scopus database, the analysis was conducted using VOSviewer software to explore the structure of publications, author collaboration networks, institutional contributions, key journals, and keyword co-occurrences. The results indicate that in 2015 and subsequent years, there was a high rise in academic interest in the topic, and the United States and the United Kingdom became the major contributors. Schools like Brandeis University and the University of California, Irvine, are important vehicles of the discourse. Other researchers, such as Thomas G. Kirsch and David Mosse, are intellectuals who connect research clusters. The most frequent keywords include “religious pluralism,” “religion,” and “religious identity,” grouped into five thematic clusters covering identity, multiculturalism, syncretism, and cultural adaptation. The history of keywords shows that in recent years, there is an increasing emphasis on cultural adjustment and interreligious relations. This paper affirms the interdisciplinary and wide-ranging approach to the research topic, as well as the interest of researchers in utilizing bibliometric techniques in integrating scattered literature and visualizing the history of the international scholarly pursuit
Reconstruction of Educator Responsibilities in Contemporary Education; Abd Al-Karim Bakkar's Perspective in The Digital Era
Full text linkThis study examines the responsibilities of educators in contemporary education from the perspective of Abd Al-Karim Bakkar amidst the digital era. This research seeks to answer two main questions: 1) What are the core responsibilities of educators according to Abd Al-Karim Bakkar's framework? and 2) How relevant are these responsibilities in addressing the challenges of the digital era? The method employed is a qualitative literature review (Library Research), utilizing content analysis to systematically identify and categorize themes within the text, combined with context analysis to understand the historical and intellectual environment of Bakkar's views on education. Primary data are sourced from Bakkar's book Ḥaul Al-Tarbiyyah Wa Al-Ta’līm, and secondary data are gathered from related journal articles, books, and other resources. The findings reveal that Abd Al-Karim Bakkar outlines seven responsibilities of educators, which include: (1) developing moral orientation; (2) educators as intergenerational connectors; (3) liberating the mind from its shackles; (4) facilitating students' goal-setting; (5) cultivating exploratory motivation and curiosity among students; (6) aligning teaching with students' cognitive development; and (7) curriculum and subject refinement. Additionally, the relevance of these responsibilities in the digital era encompasses the evolution of moral values, the educator's role in addressing the digital divide, fostering critical thinking, preparing youth for the workforce, and integrating digital skills into the curriculum to address future technological challenges. This study provides an overview of how educators' responsibilities must be reconstructed to align with the advancements of an era increasingly influenced by digital technology
Cultural Shifts in Maranggap among the Batak Community: The Impact of Christianity and Modernization
Full text linkThe Maranggap tradition in Batak Toba society carries deep social and traditional medical values. This ethnographic qualitative research examines the changes and continuities of Maranggap in the face of Christian influences and modernization, as well as their impact on collective identity and social cohesion. The study was conducted over six months (January–June 2024) in Humbang Hasundutan, Sidikkalang, Girsang Sipangan Bolon, and Tanah Jawa. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with customary leaders, religious figures, and community members, as well as participatory observation. Thematic analysis was used to identify key patterns and themes. Findings reveal that in Girsang Sipangan Bolon and Tanah Jawa, Maranggap has been replaced by Christian-style thanksgiving rituals, while in Humbang Hasundutan and Sidikkalang, it is still practiced with modifications. Christian influences are reflected in the use of prayers, hymns, and new interpretations of traditional elements. Modernization has led to changes in food offerings, event organization through digital platforms, and a decline in the role of traditional birth attendants due to medical regulations. However, traditional health practices—such as marbara (smoke healing) and the use of betel leaves, turmeric, and ginger—remain relevant. The integration of traditional and modern medical knowledge is growing, and technology aids in preserving and disseminating Maranggap’s health-related wisdom. This study highlights how traditional values adapt within shifting religious and contemporary contexts, and the ongoing challenge of sustaining cultural identity in a transforming society
Implementation of Qira'ah Mubadalah on Verses and Hadiths on Family Issues and Its Contribution in Determining Public Policy
Full text linkThis study explores the implementation of qira’ah mubadalah in interpreting Qur’anic verses and Hadiths on family issues, and its contribution to gender-responsive public policy. The focus of this research is to explain how the principle of reciprocity (mubadalah) offers a new understanding of family issues. This is a library research employing a qualitative descriptive method with a philosophical approach. The findings show that in the perspective of qira’ah mubadalah, the rights and responsibilities of husbands and wives are placed equally, where family needs become a shared responsibility. Obedience between spouses must be based on mutual consent, not coercion. Both have equal obligations in childcare and education. Marital discord (nusyuz) should be resolved through advice, with divorce as a last, peaceful solution. The ‘iddah period functions as a time for reflection, reconciliation, and mourning, without approaching the opposite sex. The implementation of qira’ah mubadalah has contributed to public policy, such as the Ministry of Religious Affairs circular on prohibiting husbands from marrying during the wife’s ‘iddah, social assistance for female heads of households, use of the mother’s name on diplomas, and mandatory premarital counseling. This study highlights its relevance in achieving gender justice
Tipologi Fatwa Kentongan: Studi Naskah Ḥukm al-Nāqūs
Full text linkIn the early twentieth century, Traditionalist and Reformist Muslims in Indonesia often held conflicting views on religious traditions. However, the manuscript Ḥukm al-Nāqūs reveals a notable exception: in the case of the kentongan (wooden slit drum), both camps arrived at the same legal conclusion despite their divergent ideological frameworks. This study aims to examine the similarities and differences in istidlāl (legal reasoning) employed by the two groups in responding to religious rituals that have undergone acculturation with local culture, particularly the use of the kentongan as a call to prayer. Employing a qualitative, library-based research methodology, the study draws on the primary source of the Ḥukm al-Nāqūs fatwa manuscript, held in the Langitan Islamic Boarding School, Tuban, along with relevant secondary literature from early twentieth-century Islamic discourse. The research adopts a philological approach enriched by intertextual analysis, socio-intellectual history, and Islamic legal hermeneutics. The findings demonstrate that while Traditionalists anchor their legal reasoning in the authority of classical scholars, and Reformists prioritize direct reference to the Qur’an and Hadith, both may reach similar legal verdicts under specific conditions. This convergence suggests that ideological common ground can emerge when both traditions are oriented toward primary Islamic texts. The study contributes a novel analytical typology of fatwas through the lens of a single local manuscript, highlighting an unexpected legal convergence between two competing streams of Islamic thought in early twentieth-century Indonesia
Representasi Kearifan Lokal dari Mimbar Gereja Protestan Maluku
Full text linkThe pulpit is considered the throne of God's glory because it becomes a tool for delivering God's Words or sermons from the perspective of The Protestant Church in the Moluccas (PCM). The Sermon in worship is considered sacred, so the pulpit is the centre of attention in the church buildings' arrangement. This paper aims to describe and identify the meaning of the forms of pulpits in the architectural layout of most GPM church buildings. This qualitative research uses three data collection methods, namely direct and digital observations, and literature reviews. The selected data will be discussed using descriptive analysis and content analysis methods. The discussion in this paper refers to three findings. First, historical evidence confirms that PCM is a traditional church. Second, the pulpit used as the centre in arranging the worship space always uses forms of local wisdom such as traditional Maluku musical instruments, essential flora and fauna that live with the Maluku community in certain areas, and the livelihoods of the Maluku community. Third, local wisdom used as a pulpit in Maluku shows an intensive dialogue between traditional values and colonial Christianity that remains sustainable even in this post-modern civilization. In principle, PCM, as one of the mainstream churches that have long existed in Indonesia, still uses local wisdom symbols to represent a dialogue between religion and local community traditions
From Collaboration to Transformation: The Mediating Role of Organizational Structure in Madrasah Change Adaptation
Full text linkThe rapid transformations in the educational landscape demand that madrasahs (Islamic schools) develop a strong capacity for adaptation, which is shaped by team learning and the design of organizational structures. This study aims to analyze the influence of team learning on change adaptation, with organizational structure as a mediating variable, and to identify practical implications for the development of madrasahs. The research employed a quantitative approach, using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), with data collected from madrasah teachers. The analysis reveals that team learning significantly affects change adaptation (β = 0.339, p = 0.006) and exerts a powerful influence on organizational structure (β = 0.827, p = 0.000). Furthermore, organizational structure significantly influences change adaptation (β = 0.529, p = 0.000) and partially mediates the relationship between team learning and change adaptation (β = 0.438, p = 0.000). These findings support the theories of Senge, Mintzberg, Fullan, Teece, and Burnes, which emphasize that team collaboration, adaptive structures, and shared values constitute the foundation of change adaptation. Strengthening team learning, when integrated with organizational restructuring, can accelerate madrasah adaptation to educational dynamics while ensuring the sustainability of innovation and the long-term relevance of these institutions
Harmony Among the Nation’s People: Prophet Muhammad’s Political Measures in Fostering Unity
Full text linkDuring the Prophet Muhammad’s era, Medina was a plural society inhabited by diverse tribes, ethnicities, religions, and cultures, which carried the potential for social friction due to tribal fanaticism. This pluralism posed a significant challenge for the Prophet’s mission, as diversity could foster both tolerance and conflict. Accordingly, his political measures to harmonize the Medinan community hold critical relevance for managing plural societies in the contemporary era. This study employs a normative-theological library research approach, analyzing primary sources including the Qur’an, ḥadīth, and sīrah, supplemented by classical and contemporary exegeses. Such an approach is relatively rare, as it focuses on fostering unity among citizens, positioning this study strategically in scholarly discourse. The findings indicate that the Prophet managed societal diversity through social reconciliation, reinforcement of collective identity, and peace agreements. An emotional approach facilitated the reconciliation of the Aus and Khazraj tribes by establishing the Ansar identity and integrating them with the Muhajirin within the Muslim community framework. Furthermore, the Prophet implemented non-aggression agreements with Jewish communities and surrounding groups to maintain social stability. His principles of harmony were based on mutual assistance, protection, and empathy, which remain highly relevant for promoting national unity, preventing conflict, and reinforcing humanistic values as the foundation of peace in contemporary societies