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Robust Implementation of the Model Predictive Control For DCDC Power Converters and Industrial Control Applications
No full textThis dissertation addresses the development of the robustness and strength of the Model Predictive Control algorithm subjected to input constraints for a plant system with and without parameters' uncertainties. In the beginning, the MPC control system was implemented for systems with no types of parameters' uncertainties. The proposed system models were stable and linear and all of its parameters were fully known. They were formulated in model state-space system format. The main objective of this control system design was to maintain a smooth and constant output signal that could easily track theassigned desired output signal. The technical process of this control design was to calculate the optimal solutions for the proposed plant system by optimizing the Quadratic programming problem (QP) subjected to linear inequality constraints. Therefore, the proposed control system successfully forced the outputs of the proposed systems to track the output reference signals in a fast response and with very small steady-state errors, even with the change in prediction horizon values. The second control system approach was for a system model which assumed its parameters’ uncertainties. In the other words, the parameters were not precisely known, but they were bounded in a minimum and maximum range. The parameters' uncertainties and the converter's switching behaviors made it act as a highly nonlinear system. Therefore, the Adaptive Model Predictive controller (AMPC) with the Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) control algorithm was implemented to address these issues and to secure a sustainable output signal with on types of noise or degradations. In this algorithm, the LPV model was created out of a set of Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) models, which are used to update the AMPC controller based on the feedback signals that come from the plant model and the change in the system parameters. Due to the changes in the plant model parameters over time, the AMPC was the perfect control approach due to its capability to update its prediction model and the operating condition over a prediction horizon interval. Since the AMPC is an online optimization-based approach, the QP variables and parameters can be tuned based on changes of the system measurements in real-time, and the LPV scheduling parameters. The proposed AMPC and LPV algorithm was compared against different control system approaches. Also, the proposed AMPC and LPV algorithm was implemented using an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller to show its performance in a real-time environment. In summary, from the outputs and the results, the proposed AMPC and LPV control system showed higher levels of the performance interims of the purified output, faster responses, and the computational time in both the simulation and real time results. MATLAB, SIMULINK, and ARDUINO support packages were used for the system design and implementations
Activated Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β’s Ability to Inhibit Keloid Formation
No full textKeloid scars are abnormal wound healing processes characterized by excessive collagen deposition that exceed the borders of the original wound. Inactivated glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK-3β), a molecule that breaks down β-catenin which is used by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hypertrophic scarring, has been found to be abundant in keloid fibroblasts. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is known to influence hypertrophic scarring, and the activation of GSK-3β has been found to inhibit other hypertrophic scarring diseases. This project focuses on determining if activating GSK-3β will inhibit keloid formation by decreasing the collagen, elastin, and fibronectin levels. Human keloid fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and treated with sodium nitroprusside to activate GSK-3β, lithium chloride to inhibit GSK-3β, and a negative control. Protein levels were then assessed through Western Blot analysis. The results of this study suggest that GSK-3β is partially inactive in keloid fibroblasts and that activation of the protein activates the Wnt signaling pathway and decreases collagen and elastin production. Fibronectin levels were found to increase with treatment, but this may be explained by its role in cell adhesion and contraction in wound healing. Further research is needed to fully identify activated GSK-3β as a therapeutic target for keloid scar patients and individuals who are prone to keloid scarring
Innovative Designs For Low Profile Antenna Systems For Mimo 5G/V2X And Gnss Communications
No full textThe research in this dissertation shows the analysis and development of designing antenna elements and MIMO antenna systems that can be implemented in the automotive industry and have a significant role in an autonomous driving system. The antennas presented in this research cover 5G-sub-6GHz bands which have much more extended bandwidth compared to previous LTE network, in addition to covering Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) frequency band. The design work presented in this research followed a scientific method that included simulating the antenna element using 3-D electromagnetic solver (HFSS) on 1-meter ground plane. The antenna was then fabricated using properlycut metal sheet, measured on 1-meter rolled-edge ground plane, and measured on a vehicle’s roof inside an anechoic chamber for practical measurements. The design guidelines and measurements are discussed in detail throughout this work. The first two sections of this research begin with presenting a novel wideband low-profile Planar Inverted F-Antenna (PIFA) that covers a wide frequency range (617MHz-6000MHz) that includes cellular 5G bands and V2X band while having reasonable rejection for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) frequency bands. Then, Multiple MIMO configurations based on the novel PIFA design are studied by using spatial diversity, rotational diversity, and orthogonal diversity to increase the total throughput and data rate of the system. The performance of each element in the MIMO system is analyzed and discussed to evaluate the functionality of the system. The third section of this work introduces a 2x2 MIMO antenna system for vehicular application in the sub-6GHz 5G systems that operates in the middle and high frequency bands from 1.71GHz to 5GHz. The design consists of two novel raised printed monopoles on Flame Retardant 4 (FR4) dielectric material with Partial Ground Plane (PGP) structure to improve bandwidth impedance and achieve higher isolation across the operating frequency range. The design is an excellent candidate to be implemented in a shark-fin housing due to its low-profile characteristics and good electrical performance. Eventually, in the fourth section of this work, a fully integrated low-profile antenna systems for MIMO 5G and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) for L1/L5 frequency bands is presented. The designs can be used on the vehicle’s roof inside a low profile housing due to its physical parameters and RF performance
The Oakland Post 2022-03-09
No full textMaking Our Voices Heard: Survey on campus indoor mask mandate receives over 1,000 responses from students ; Battle of the Bands: SPB is bringing back the musical competition after two years ; Accusations Fly: University files unfair labor practice charge against faculty union ; Hardwood Heroes: Women’s basketball fight their way through Horizon League tournament ; University plans for in-person spring commencement ceremonies ; Beloved professor, alums to read for Creative Writing’s 10th anniversary ; Auburn Hills City Council opts out of SMART Bus transportation ; Auburn Hills City Council opts out of SMART Bus transportation ; Battle of the Bands is returning after two years ; Police Files: 3/9/2022 ; Grizz Dome update: Repairs, reinflation of the facility begin ; Gender and Sexuality Center to host Pride Month events ; Black-owned businesses highlighted for Black History Month ; OULDI to host ‘Linguistic Justice’ discussion with Dr. April Baker-Bell ; President Pescovitz, campus community respond to Russian assault on Ukraine ; Professor Wilson receives awards from APT Association ; Explore opportunities in healthcare and natural sciences ; University, OU AAUP file Unfair Labor Practice charges against each other ; OU-Beaumont Research could improve future cancer treatment ; Majority of students surveyed support ending campus mask mandate ; Industry Insider: Dr. Madlambayan discusses biomedical science ; OU Perspective: Should masks remain mandatory? ; Singer-songwriter Audrey Ray talks sound, style and performing ; OU’s Tennis Club welcomes any and all interested students ; Dr. Roy Elturk discusses the importance of good oral health ; DCEU’s ‘Peacemaker’ stuns with humor and action ; ‘Inventing Anna’: Netflix’s new scheme queen ; Women’s basketball advance to tournament quarterfinals ; Women’s basketball punches ticket to Indianapolis ; Men’s basketball survives first-round scare from IUPUI ; Men’s basketball’s season ends in Horizon League quarterfinals ; Men’s basketball ends regular season on high note against CSV ; OU Figure Skating Club competes against 22 schools in 2022 ; Track and Field finishes third at Horizon League Championships ; Men’s basketball drops third straight home game to Purdue-Fort Wayn
Efficacy Of Telerehabilitation In Improving Grip Strength
No full textHandgrip strength is essential to perform day-to-day tasks. People lose handgrip strength due to aging, diseases, and other conditions. According to neuroplasticity principles, grip strength can be improved using repetitive tasks and exercises. People often are not motivated enough to adhere to meaningless repeated movements to improve grip strength exercises. This study describes developing an innovative smartphone-based telerehabilitation system that includes an innovatively designed grip strength device (eGripper) and a phone application to play games. This telerehabilitation system encourages patients to play a game while improving grip strength.eGripper was a repurposed dynamometer that sends grip strength data to an android phone. The raw grip strength data stream was used as a control variable to play games. In this study, the grippyBird game was designed, where customizations can be done from a remote therapist dashboard. Thirty-four participants participated in validity and reliability experiments to measure this device against the “gold” standard Jamar dynamometer. The test results substantiate that eGripper has acceptable concurrent validity and inter-instrumental reliability. A randomized clinical trial with an experimental and control group measured efficacy and compliance. Findings from the clinical trial showed significant improvements in grip strength and compliance between groups. A formative and summative usability testing was performed. Formative usability used focus groups and informal interviews with a few therapists and patients during the design stage. Four experimental participants did a summative usability experiment with two surveys. An eGripper telerehabilitation system to resolve the issues of HEP compliance was developed for this study. The use of a game instead of repetitive exercises motivated participants to be compliant in performing their HEP more regularly. Future research is needed to continue developing both the eGripper and associated games to help patients with poor hand strength improve their ability to grip
Impact of Sociodemographic Factors on the Access to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Related Services
No full textCurrent research has consistently suggested disparities exist in ASD prevalence among children
of different race/ethnicities and socioeconomic statuses. These disparities are largely due to
inability of marginalized populations to access necessary resources, and in the case of
race/ethnicity also stem from implicit bias and systemic racism in the healthcare system. To date,
no work has comprehensively reviewed these studies to summarize and analyze their findings.
Thus, this review will serve to fill that gap in current research. The following review includes
twenty-five primary research studies published in the United States in 2005 or later. These
studies evaluated a variety of different sociodemographic factors and the impact they had on
accessing ASD related care, most often diagnosis and intervention. Overall, this paper found that
children of minority races/ethnicities (particularly Black and Hispanic/Latino) as well children
with low socioeconomic statuses consistently experienced more barriers in access to care for
ASD related resources. As a result, these groups often have lower prevalence rates, later
diagnoses, and lower utilization of intervention services. This review will guide future research
to further understand and eventually diminish the disparities observed
