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How Much Do Faculty Think Students Should Pay for Course Materials? Understanding Faculty Cost Tolerance and Selection Authority
No full textCampus OER initiatives promote the adoption of open educational materials but first, there needs to be an understanding of campus practices, policies, and norms that may impact or even obstruct the adoption of new course materials. This presentation reports on the findings of a study that investigated the types of course materials instructors assign, instructors’ perception of an acceptable cost for these materials, their selection authority, and instructors’ knowledge and use of OER
Assessment of Frequency, Degradation, Normalization, Inhibition, and Potential Surrogates of the Sars-Cov-2 Gene Targets
No full textSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our study focuses on identifying and quantifying the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the sewage based on identifying three gene targets which target the nucleocapsid gene (N1 and N2) and the envelope gene (E). The first set of experiments looked at the degradation of these targets at 4C, 25C, and 35C. As temperature increased so did the rate constants. Based on the half-life data, N1 degraded faster than N2 at 4C, all targets degraded at the same rate at 25C, and E degraded faster than N1 and N2 at 35C. Frequency of the gene targets was then assessed. E occurred less frequently than N1 and N2 adding 2.3 more SARS-CoV-2 detections leading to its removal from testing. The N1 and N2 gene targets were both necessary with removal of one resulting in minimally 9.6 loss of SARS-CoV-2 detections. We investigated normalization of the N1 and N2 gene targets with four different fecal indicators (pepper mottled mild virus, HF183, lachno3, and crAssphage) to improve the correlation between the sewage signal and clinical cases. Normalizing the data did not result in an increased correlation between the clinical and sewage data. Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and Phi6 viruses were evaluated as surrogates to estimate SARS-CoV-2 inhibition in a single duplex reaction. Duplexing these targets was successful without significant signal loss, and these targets were used to estimate SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. Compared to BCoV, Phi6 suggested over 10 more fully inhibited samples. Several workflow modifications including bovine serum albumin (BSA), dilution, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and pasteurization were applied to the sewage samples in an attempt to reduce sample inhibition. BSA was able to reduce inhibition for both N1 and N2. Lastly, BCoV, Phi6, and murine hepatitis virus (MHV) retrieval were compared to the retrieval of the SARS-CoV-2 gene targets in sewage to determine if they accurately depicted the amount of inhibition the SARS-CoV-2 targets exhibited. BCoV and MHV were better surrogates to assess SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in sewage were shown to correlate with COVID-19 cases
Development of Speckle Interferometry for Simultaneous Dual Sensitive Measurement
No full textDigital speckle interferometry involves two main methods: digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI/Digital Holography) and digital speckle pattern shear interferometry (Digital Shearography). This technology allows for non-destructive, full-field, high-precision measurements. In early stages, speckle interferometry was limited to measuring a single parameter in a single test, like in-plane or out-of-plane deformation or the first derivative of displacement (strain) along horizontal or vertical directions. However, advancements in speckle technology now allow simultaneous measurement of two of above parameters. These measurements systems, though, have limitations - they possess a single spatial resolution, resulting in certain drawbacks during deformation detection and non-destructive testing, such as difficulty in evaluating dense fringes or overlooking smaller defects. Recent advancements have led to a new study using digital shearography, measuring one parameter with two different spatial resolutions. However, due to its recent emergence, there's limited literature on this method. Both measuring two parameters with one spatial resolution and measuring one parameter with two spatial resolutions are referred to as dual-sensitive measurement. This study mainly concentrates on simultaneous measurement of target parameters using speckle pattern interferometry technology. It delves into two key areas: enhancing digital shearography to achieve dual parameters and dual spatial resolution measurements, and developing novel digital holography for dual spatial resolutions. The novel digital holography method employs different-sized fields of view and polarization techniques to establish independent optical channels. Unlike shearography systems, it uses spatial carrier phase-shifting technology to separate overlapped intensity maps. This method proves more convenient and practical than traditional methods by eliminating the need to adjust shear directions. Ultimately, this technique can simultaneously produce dual-sensitive measurement results at different spatial resolutions, reducing the need for redundant measurements and saving time and labor costs. With ongoing enhancements, this technology holds significant promise for industrial applications and interest researchers focused on experimental mechanics via speckle/holographic interferometr
2023-2024 Discover Your Future Magazine
No full textThis report shares career outcomes from OU’s recent graduates. Data is compiled from the First-Destination Survey, which is administered annually by Oakland University Career Services
Analysis of the Evolution of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Effect on University Students
No full textAttention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined by the CDC as a neurodevelopmental disorder which can cause inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity (Centers for, 2021). While this disorder has been studied from many angles, including characterizing the symptoms through many age groups, its causes from a genetic and environmental perspective, and what treatments can be most effectively used to treat people with it, one perspective that goes commonly unused is to view the disorder from an evolutionary perspective. Using data from genome-wide association studies such as the IMAGE project, two candidate genes were identified for association with ADHD (DRD4 and DAT1) which served as the basis for the study of the evolution of ADHD (Brookes et al., 2006). With the data on these genes pulled from the NCBI, GenomAD, ClinVar, and OMIM databases, the Evolutionary history of the variants of these genes which have shown statistical significance in their association with ADHD were analyzed. With that information, multiple testable hypotheses as to which situations and problems people with ADHD may have evolved to be better equipped to handle in the modern day were generated for testing in Alexis Albright’s section of this study
