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The Neurological Sites Impacted Post-COVID-19 Infection
No full textThis literature review intends to prove that there is a correlation between anatomical and physiological effects of the brain that the patient exhibits post COVID-19. This will be achieved through identification and comparison of anatomical, biochemical, histological, and physiological sources of long COVID-related memory impairment as well as cognitive, motor, and visual deficits within the brain. From that information, this literature review will correlate each symptom to a set of structures that may produce long-COVID-associated symptoms in patients. With this knowledge, we may be able to formulate successful treatment plans based on the sites of infection. A strong understanding of areas of the brain generally worsened post long-COVID-19 infection could improve the accuracy of treatment and enhance its effects. Most favorably, treatment could one day better the daily lives of individuals suffering from cognitive, memory, motor, or visual deficits by reducing their symptoms.
This literature review intends to find missing areas within today’s research about post-COVID-19 syndrome and subsequently prove that it is unadded knowledge to the field. The research will proceed with a specific set of research terms to incorporate the most relevant findings. All articles listed in this proposal are acquired from Oakland University’s Kresge Library or Google Scholar. Articles related to the disease in question are written within the past three years, and all articles included in this literature review are peer-reviewed and originally written in English
Oakland University Alumni Magazine, Fall 2024
No full textThe human spirit: Shining a light on the exceptional qualities of OU alumni ; South Foundation Hall, 2024 ; Spring 2024 Recap ; A tenacious spirit ; Fanfare of faith: Surrounded with support, music major Alexis Dill shares her skills ; In the Gold Seat: Meet Zuhair Issa, OU academic adviser, in this recurring Q&A that reveals an alum’s favorite campus memories ; Lifegiving friendship: More than 50 years after meeting at OU, Nick Vitale donates his kidney to friend and fellow alum Rose Hirsch ; Wrapped up in gratitude: Nonprofit founder Nicholas Kristock provides comfort, color and connection to others ; Persevering for a Career in Care: Nedi Affas perseveres through incredible challenges to pursue her childhood dream ; Dialogue throughout the decades: Historical pillars of the Black Alumni Chapter discuss the group’s heritage to celebrate 50 years ; Championing inclusivity ; Golden moment ; A celebration of legacy ; Making a difference ; Crafting Communication Skills: Special Instructor Beth Talbert devotes more than three decades of service at OU ; Research ; Academic spotlight ; OU Moment: South Foundation Hall, 195
Exploring the challenges faced by Islamic higher learning institutions in obtaining accreditation
No full textThe Muslim population is increasing in the U.S. and is expected to be the second largest religious group shortly. The demand for learning Islamic studies and Arabic by Muslims and non-Muslims was behind the formation of several Islamic colleges and universities. Although many Islamic higher learning institutions have been operating in recent years to serve Muslim and non-Muslim students, only one has obtained accreditation. The primary goal of this study was to explore the challenges Islamic higher learning institutions face in obtaining accreditation. This study adopted the case study approach and depended on three data tools: interviews, surveys, and documents collected from three Islamic higher learning institutions. Three participants participated in the interviews, and nineteen responded to the survey. Many documents were also collected from three institutions, allowing the researcher to triangulate the data to achieve better and more accurate results. The results revealed several challenges Islamic colleges and universities face in obtaining accreditation. Among the challenges were financial constraints, retaining faculty, the absence of support by the Muslim community, accommodating students' needs, and misperception of Islam and Islamic institutions. However, biases toward Islamic institutions were denied neither by the accrediting agencies nor by other
Disease mechanisms of spectrin superfamily proteins
No full textSpectrin superfamily proteins are a group of evolutionarily linked proteins that share in actin crosslinking functions. Characterized by an N-terminal actin binding domain (ABD), comprised of tandem calponin homology (CH) domains, a variable number of spectrin repeat domains, and in some cases an EF hand motif, these cytoskeletal proteins are an integral feature of the submembranous cellular structure. Mutations within the ACTN2 and SPTBN2 genes that encode α-actinin-2 and β-III-spectrin, respectively are known to cause disease. Predominately expressed in cardiomyocytes of the heart, α-actinin-2 mutations localizing to the ABD are linked to cardiomyopathy, leading to heart failure and sudden cardiac death. ABD localized β-III-spectrin mutations cause the rare neurodegenerative disease, spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5). Previous studies of a L253P mutation within the β-III-spectrin ABD revealed an increased actin-binding affinity. Positioning of the L253P mutation to the interface of CH1 and CH2 was demonstrated to promote a conformational opening, leading to high affinity actin interactions. These studies investigate the molecular consequences of nine additional β-III-spectrin ABD-localized, SCA5 missense mutations (V58M, K61E, T62I, K65E, F160C, D255G, T271I, Y272H, and H278R) and three α-actinin-2 ABD-localized, cardiomyopathy missense mutations (A119T, M228T, and T247M). Importantly, all β-III-spectrin and α-actinin-2 mutations localizing the CH1-CH2 interface increased actin-binding affinity, while the actin-binding surface localized α-actinin-2 mutation, A119T, decreased actin-binding affinity. Using biochemical and biophysical approaches, we demonstrate that the mutant β-III-spectrin and α-actinin-2 ABD proteins can attain a well-folded state. However, thermal denaturation studies show that all ABD mutations are destabilizing, suggesting structural disruptions to the ABDs. Additional in vivo studies of the β-III-spectrin mutations indicate an accumulation of protein within neurons, likely a result of increased actin binding-affinity. Altogether, the data indicate aberrant actin-binding affinity is a shared molecular consequence of ABD localized mutations of spectrin superfamily proteins
The Unknown Dangers of Kratom on Vulnerable Neonates
No full textAn undergraduate thesis on how maternal Kratom use causes neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in newborns; written by Annabel Jefferies for the Honors College at Oakland UniversityIn the realm of herbal supplements, Kratom, often marketed as a harmless herbal remedy, unveils a darker reality as newborns enter the world struggling with intense withdrawal symptoms (Eldridge et al., 2018). Made from the leaves of a plant native to Southeast Asia and Africa, Kratom is readily available as an herbal supplement, marketed for its relaxation and mood-enhancing properties. Despite its portrayal as a harmless substance, Kratom operates on the same brain receptor sites as opioids, inducing a sense of euphoria when consumed at higher doses, and mirroring the psychological effects of these potent drugs. Sold openly at gas stations and not FDA-approved, Kratom takes on various forms, from chewable leaves to brewed tea or liquid ingestion. The ease of access to Kratom, often masked as a harmless, herbal remedy, puts many vulnerable individuals at risk, as they unknowingly introduce a dangerous substance to their bodies (Eldridge et al., 2018).
This issue becomes particularly concerning when pregnant women, perhaps unaware of the potential risks, consume Kratom throughout pregnancy. The consequence is neonates beginning life in distress, exhibiting symptoms such as seizures, tremors, sleeping and feeding problems, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, and fever. Deception lurks in the marketing of Kratom as an herbal tea, leaving women and children vulnerable to the adverse effects of this drug. This dangerous substance requires a closer examination of its severe side effects on mothers who use Kratom during pregnancy. Neonates born to mothers who used Kratom face the challenge of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS), a consequence often concealed from public awareness. The development of research and the spread of information on this topic is pivotal in addressing the hidden dangers of Kratom use. The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness about this critical concern, and ultimately decrease the incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome resulting from maternal Kratom use by providing a comprehensive literature review of existing research articles (Eldridge et al., 2018)
