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    CISG Advisory Council Opinion No. 23: Mistake, Fraud, Misrepresentation and Initial Impossibility in CISG Contracts

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    The CISG AC started as a private initiative which was founded and supported by Albert H Kritzer Executive Secretary of the Institute of International Commercial Law at Pace University School of Law and the Centre for Commercial Law Studies, Queen Mary, University of London. The International Sales Convention Advisory Council (CISG-AC) is in place to support understanding of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the promotion and assistance in the uniform interpretation of the CISG. At its formative meeting in Paris in June 2001, Prof. Peter Schlechtriem of Freiburg University, Germany, was elected Chair of the CISG-AC for a three-year term. Dr. Loukas A. Mistelis of the Centre for Commercial Law Studies, Queen Mary, University of London, was elected Secretary. The founding members of the CISG-AC were Prof. Emeritus Eric E. Bergsten, Pace University School of Law, Prof. Michael Joachim Bonell, University of Rome La Sapienza, Prof. E. Allan Farnsworth, Columbia University School of Law, Prof. Alejandro M. Garro, Columbia University School of Law, Prof. Sir Roy M. Goode, Oxford, Prof. Sergei N. Lebedev, Maritime Arbitration Commission of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation, Prof. Jan Ramberg, University of Stockholm, Faculty of Law, Prof. Peter Schlechtriem, Freiburg University, Prof. Hiroo Sono, Faculty of Law, Hokkaido University, Prof. Claude Witz, Universität des Saarlandes and Strasbourg University. Members of the Council are elected by the Council. At subsequent meetings, the CISG-AC elected as additional members Prof. Pilar Perales Viscasillas, Universidad Carlos III, Madrid; Prof. Ingeborg Schwenzer, University of Basel; Prof. John Y. Gotanda, Villanova University; Prof. Michael G. Bridge, London School of Economics; Prof. Han Shiyuan, Tsinghua University and Prof. Yeşim Atamer, Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey, Prof. Ulrich G. Schroeter, University of Mannheim, Germany, Prof. Lauro Gama Jnr, Pontifical Catholic University, Justice Johnny Herre, Justice of the Supreme Court of Sweden, Prof. Harry M. Flechtner, University of Pittsburgh, Prof. Sieg Eiselen, Department of Private Law of the University of South Africa, Prof. Edgardo Muñoz López, Universidad Panamericana, Guadalajara, México, and Assoc. Prof. Lisa Spagnolo, Macquarie Law School. Prof. Jan Ramberg served for a three-year term as the second Chair of the CISG-AC. At its 11th meeting in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, Prof. Eric E. Bergsten of Pace University School of Law was elected Chair of the CISG-AC and Prof. Sieg Eiselen of the Department of Private Law of the University of South Africa was elected Secretary. At its 14th meeting in Belgrade, Serbia, Prof. Ingeborg Schwenzer of the University of Basel was elected Chair and at its 24th meeting in Antigua, Guatemala, Prof. Michael G. Bridge of the London School of Economics was elected Chair of the CISG-AC. At its 26th meeting in Asunción, Paraguay, Ass. Prof. Milena Djordjević, University of Belgrade, Serbia, was elected Secretary, and she was re-elected short after the 37th meeting in Rio de Janeiro. Prof. Pilar Perales Viscasillas of the University Carlos III of Madrid was elected Chair of the CISG-AC after the 37th meeting in Rio de Janeiro. The meeting was kindly hosted by Kopaonik School of Natural Law - Slobodan Perović

    Characteristics of household energy consumption in the shadow of the Russia-Ukraine war - a case study from Hungary

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    This study aims to identify the factors affecting household energy consumption by applying spatial econometric models. Our findings suggest that sharp energy price growth is followed by significant reductions in household energy consumption, but it is difficult to distinguish specific consumer groups. Weather conditions are of particular importance (compared to the EU average). The results highlight two things: a) the problem of obsolete housing stock and the need for energy efficiency improvements and b) low energy awareness of households, especially before the energy crisis. Furthermore, hotspots with higher per capita gas consumption are also identified in Hungary. The geographical dimension is crucial, and it is not possible to make general decisions on energy efficiency issues. Effective results can be achieved through spatially concentrated interventions

    Vision of Offshore Energy Hub at Faroe Islands: The Market Equilibrium Impact

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    This study examines the integration of an offshore wind farm and green hydrogen production as a strategy to enhance the Faroe Islands' energy independence and reduce its carbon footprint. Utilizing the EnergyPLAN tool and market economic simulations, including Levelized Cost of Hydrogen and Net Present Value calculations, the research evaluates the economic viability and environmental impact of transitioning to renewable energy sources by 2030. The analysis explores various scenarios, ranging from dedicated offshore wind for in-turbine hydrogen production to platform-based electricity and hydrogen distribution. Results indicate that integrating offshore wind with green hydrogen production can significantly reduce CO2 emissions and dependency on imported fossil fuels. However, financial viability hinges on supportive mechanisms such as investment subsidies. The study's findings suggest that achieving economic feasibility requires strategic policy frameworks. This research contributes to the discourse on sustainable energy planning by offering insights into the dynamics of system integration, market economic simulations, and the role of support mechanisms in facilitating the green transition

    Water use in a sustainable net zero energy system: what are the implications of employing bioenergy with carbon capture and storage?

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    Net zero emissions of the global energy and land systems are needed to keep the  temperature increase to the 1.5 degrees limit by 2100 as per the Paris Agreement (PA). Furthermore, updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) now include a net zero target by 2050 or until 2070. These climate policies require rapid technological development towards renewable energy and low carbon emission technologies like nuclear and carbon capture and storage. However, this transition is water intensive as water is needed in power plants cooling, gasification, carbon capture, hydroelectricity, or emission control. In this study, the focus is done on the first three by using  an integrated assessment model TIAM-FR. It is based on techno-economic linear optimization and includes a water allocation module. Under two climate scenarios, the energy mixes of the world energy system are scrutinized. The results show that achieving net zero requires renewable energy mainly but would use bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. For the 2018-2100 period, water consumption increases by 100.5% for a 1.5-degree pathway whereas an NDC pathway increases it by 135%. The comparative analysis asses the choice of mitigation solutions with respect to regional water scarcity. At the end, a discussion on the relevant sustainable development goals (2, 6, 7, 13, 15) is presented.

    Optimizing the integration of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, and flexibility solutions in a multi-network pharmaceutical industry

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    In the contemporary landscape, roughly one-fourth of worldwide carbon dioxide emissions stem from industrial energy usage. In the industrial sector, improving the efficient and flexible coupling among different energy demands (electricity, heating, and cooling) and exploiting the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and waste heat can lead to a drastic reduction in CO2 emissions, these are also the goals of the EU founded Horizon Europe FLEXIndustries project. This study aims to establish a cost-optimized decarbonization strategy for an energy-intensive industry, focusing on an Italian pharmaceutical company. It delves into the exploration of potential pathways and diverse energy mix configurations. The approach undertaken involves coupling a customized energy system simulation framework, specifically designed for the industrial site, with a Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA). The study, conducted with a focus on the year 2024, involves a comparative analysis of three distinct scenarios. Within the intricate and challenging constraints of the industrial demo site, 13 technologies were investigated. The outcomes of each scenario identify a set of 500 Pareto optimal solutions, obtained through 40,000 simulations. These results shed light on the compelling potential of hybrid solutions, showcasing the feasibility of achieving substantial decarbonization with only moderate increases in costs. The availability of land for RES technologies, along with the existence of a biomass supply chain in the region, emerge as pivotal determinants

    The governance mechanisms of business ecosystems through network-based business models

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    An ecosystem is an intentional community of interdependent actors. If a firm adopts an ecosystem perspective, its focus shifts from maximising the firm’s value to creating value for the entire system. Consequently, the ecosystem governance represents a critical factor in successful value creation and capture. The aim of this paper is to understand how the governance of business ecosystems in network-based business models is configured. To this aim a cross-sectional field study was carried out. The cases selected were six Italian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with the status of benefit corporation. The findings show that the governance configuration of the business ecosystem is hybrid. It requires both centralised mechanisms, such as the definition of shared value, the creation and orchestration of an ecosystem, and the management of risks and tensions, and decentralised mechanisms, such as activities for value creation, external communication, and the definition of the rules of network participation

    Business Model for Sustainability and Digitalization: the empirical case of an ecosystem participation

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    As digitalization can improve an organisation’s sustainability performance, the literature calls for more research into the relationship between digitalization and the organisation’s portfolio of business models for sustainability (BMfS). This research addresses the role of the organisation’s ecosystem in this relationship. Building on an inductive analysis, we use the case of a proactive multinational company. An in-depth investigation, relying on an analysis of secondary data and interviews, reveals that the ecosystem plays different roles. Firstly, it acts to maintain a balance between the organization’s core business model (BM) and its emerging new BMfS that rely on digitalization. Additionally, it supports the optimization of the organization’s digital resources for its emerging new BMfS that rely on digitalization. Finally, it helps generate new value for the organization’s BMfS. We discuss the implications for practitioners in fostering partnerships to develop more BMfS, and create more environmental benefits through digitalization

    Politicization as Signification: Drag Performance as Hermeneutics

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    Judith Butler’s seminal book, Gender Trouble, categorizes drag performance as indicative example of gender performance. In it, they categorize drag performance along binary lines of gender “opposites”. I argue that Butler’s theory does not hold if the nuance inherent to drag performance is taken into consideration. In examining its complexity, I establish that the artform and its performers are politicized. Through this politicization, I explore how drag performers and drag performance are signified and are able to be understood hermeneutically as a way to expand Butler’s initial theory

    Ledelse i en virtuel hverdag: Ledelsespraksis i en arbejdstilværelse med øget online tilstedeværelse

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    Med afsæt i et aktionsforskningsprojekt vil vi i denne artikel pege på en række problemer og behov i ledelse af hybride arbejdspladser. Når ledere bliver fysisk afskåret fra medarbejderne, kommer de til at mangle feedback fra ledelsesopgaven og de oplever udfordringer med at etablere tillidsfulde relationer. Den reducerede interaktion med organisationen påvirker lederes praktiske dømmekraft negativt og kan have negativ indvirkning på lederes og medarbejderes motivation og trivsel. Vi gennemgår fire perspektiver på ledelse af hybride arbejdspladser, og med afsæt i dem peger vi på behov for organisering, træning og fordybelse samt behov for organisatorisk støtte

    Professor-artist and professor-researcher: Making the case for experimental filmmaking as research in the academic context of Ecuador’s Universidad de las Artes

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    The foundation of the Universidad de las Artes inaugurated access to a public education in arts in Ecuador in 2015. As three professor-artist-researchers who have worked in different periods in this institution, we propose an article with two objectives in mind. First, we aim to share and examine the film-based artistic work that has formed part of our research practice within the university setting (and the experience of making these films in this particular context), including the experimental ethnographic documentary short Sour Lake (Dávila, 2019), the found footage essay film 1922 (Gills, 2023), and the expansive imagework design Dispositivo ORG (Terán Vargas, 2017-2024). Secondly, based on these experiences, we propose to discuss more broadly the entanglements of the professor-artist-researcher role (including how our artistic practice and research interweave with our teaching practice) and to reflect on the potential advantages of experimental filmmaking in the academic context

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