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The United States’ Clothing Imports from Asian Countries along the Belt and Road: An Extended Gravity Trade Model with Application of Artificial Neural Network
Get PDFIn 2013, China announced the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which aims to promote the connectivity of Asia, Europe, and Africa and deepen mutually beneficial economic cooperation among member countries. Past studies have reported a positive impact of the BRI on trade between China and its partner countries along the Belt and Road (B&R). However, less is known about its effect on the sectoral trade between the B&R countries and countries that show little support of the BRI. To address that gap, this study examines the changing patterns of clothing imports by the United States (US) from China and 14 B&R countries in Asia. An extended gravity model with a policy variable BRI is built to explain bilateral clothing trade flow. A panel regression model and artificial neural network (ANN) are developed based on the data collected from 1998 to 2018 and applied to predict the trade pattern of 2019. The results show a positive effect of the BRI on the clothing exports of some Asian developing countries along the B&R to the US and demonstrate the superior predictive power of the ANN. More research is needed to examine the balance between economic growth and the social and environmental sustainability of developing countries and to apply more advanced machine learning algorithms to examine global trade flow under the BRI
Comparative analysis on carbon footprint of hydrogen fuel cell and battery electric vehicles based on the GREET model
No full textFacing global warming and new policies on banning the use of diesel in vehicles, there is a growing need in developing vehicles using renewable energy to mitigate carbon emissions in the transport and logistics sector. Among different forms of non-fossil energy for vehicles, hydrogen-powered fuel cell emerges as a promising way to combat global warming. However, previous studies on vehicle carbon emissions focus mainly on diesel and electric vehicles (EVs). Besides, as most of emission assessment methodologies on products are developed for fast-moving consumer goods, there is insufficient research on the product carbon footprint (PCF) of hydrogen-powered vehicles. To address that gap, this study evaluates the life-cycle assessment (LCA) process of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and compare the PCF of an EV (Tesla Model 3) and a hydrogen fuel cell car (Toyota MIRAI) based on the life cycle assessment model of GREET (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation). This study found that that the fuel cycle of GREET1 contributes significantly to the vehicle\u27s PCF. Besides, higher transparency in disclosure of relevant data in the PCF methodology adopted by vehicle manufacturers is needed for making comparison of their vehicles\u27 emissions possible. Future research needs to examine the best practices of PCF calculation and reporting for new energy vehicles including private cars and trucks. Future development on simulating various types of hydrogen fuel cells for vehicles and their corresponding emissions are suggested
「後九七香港青年作家」小說的香港城市空間想像
No full text自從西西《我城》（1975）出版以來，以香港城市空間為想像起點的作品漸次出現，組成香港小說的重要面向。這些小說有不少出於長年生活在香港，以香港為家城的「後九七香港青年作家」之手。這批青年作家包括陳志華、張婉雯、李維怡、謝曉虹、韓麗珠、梁偉洛（可洛）、麥樹堅等。他們的創作風格多元，但自覺地以小說書寫1997 年以後的香港城市空間，或從城市空間生發各種文學想像的取向，幾無二致。這批作家在香港主權移交後逐漸進入文學界視野，但有關他們的研究往往止於書評和個別作家作品的討論。本文試圖以「後九七香港青年作家」為一創作群體，以他們小說的城市空間想像為切入點，梳理其共同關懷，考察他們筆下的家城面貌。本文聚焦於小說呈現的香港城市空間特色——城市空間的臨界狀態——首先是資本塑造而成的超密度，其次是全面商場化的空間運用。空間被逼服從於全球化資本積累的目的，以增加剩餘價值為要務，人的活動除了生產和消費，似乎再無可能。本文通過闡釋「後九七香港青年作家」構築的各種文字城市（「O 城」、「幻城」、「H 地」），探討小說如何展現青年作家對家城的憂思，以及全球資本重塑城市空間和人的巨大力量
Deactivation and regeneration study of a co-promoted moo3 catalyst in hydrogenolysis of dibenzofuran
No full textThe efficient hydrogenolysis of dibenzofuran (DBF) was investigated at 360 °C and atmospheric hydrogen pressure with Co/MoO3 catalysts. All catalysts selectively cleaved the C-O bond and thus effectively transformed DBF to biphenyl (BP) at relatively moderate conditions. A strong promotional effect in the catalytic activity was observed over the Co/MoO3 catalyst with the optimal Co content of 3 wt %, as evidenced by the decreasing activation barrier which was resulted from Co-facilitated increase of active Mo species and acidic sites. The best catalytic activity was realized with almost 100% yield of BP over Co/MoO3. During 300 h of catalyst life test, the MoO3 and Co/MoO3 catalysts underwent a gradual deactivation because of the over-reduction of Mo species and carbon deposition as evidenced by the characterization of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman, thermogravimetric analysis-mass spectrum, and transmission electron microscopy. However, the deactivated catalyst can be regenerated with simple calcination using O2, without losing its initial activity. Characterization studies demonstrated that the formation of MoOxCyHz played an important role in stabilizing Mo species by preventing over-reduction to inactive Mo4+ species
Journey to the west 西遊記
Get PDFFrench haute cuisine is often considered the foundation of Western European dining, but nowadays, countries are developing distinct culinary identities of their own.
備受法國高級料理影響的西歐菜已紛紛邁開新的步伐，發展自己獨有的烹飪風格
