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Editorial. It’s complicated. Social Struggles and the Entanglement of Political Participation and Fundamental Rights
Get PDFThe phrase ‘democracy and human rights’ is ubiquitous today, and it seems self-evident that the two concepts presuppose and advance each other. However, it is not that simple; on the contrary, it’s complicated. This issue of OeZG therefore focuses on ‘social struggles’ in the broadest sense: intense forms of social practice that involve both political participation and fundamental rights. This makes it possible to thoroughly historicize the abstract ideas of rights and political orders. Rather than focusing on the history of ‘breakthroughs’ or the extension of supposedly universal rights, the authors are interested in the decentring of this history. How was the relationship between fundamental rights and political participation negotiated or contested in social struggles? To answer this question, the authors focus on practices in which equality and participation were demanded and/or established, and which very often produced new exclusions in the process. Their contributions show that equal rights and equal participation are not necessarily compatible.The phrase ‘democracy and human rights’ is ubiquitous today, and it seems self-evident that the two concepts presuppose and advance each other. However, it is not that simple; on the contrary, it’s complicated. This issue of OeZG therefore focuses on ‘social struggles’ in the broadest sense: intense forms of social practice that involve both political participation and fundamental rights. This makes it possible to thoroughly historicize the abstract ideas of rights and political orders. Rather than focusing on the history of ‘breakthroughs’ or the extension of supposedly universal rights, the authors are interested in the decentring of this history. How was the relationship between fundamental rights and political participation negotiated or contested in social struggles? To answer this question, the authors focus on practices in which equality and participation were demanded and/or established, and which very often produced new exclusions in the process. Their contributions show that equal rights and equal participation are not necessarily compatible
Starvation, Participation, and Exclusion.: Friedrich Justus Riedel and the Bread Riot of Erfurt, 1771
Get PDFIn 1771, as Germany was experiencing one of the worst famines in its history, the people of Erfurt turned against the city’s mayor, Siegmund Lebrecht Hadelich. The mayor, who was also a professor of cameral sciences at the university, was accused of hoarding grain, speculating on the shortage and publicly advocating the virtues of free trade. This upheaval provides an opportunity to analyse how the demand for the fundamental right to food has led to a dual process of attempts to expand and contract political participation rights. Surprisingly, the rioters received unexpected support from another university professor, the aesthetic philosopher Friedrich Justus Riedel (1742–1785). For Riedel, the riot was an opportunity to examine the place of the common man in society, his right to speak, and his political competence. This article summarizes the initial results of a project carried out as part of a French habilitation à diriger les recherches.In 1771, as Germany was experiencing one of the worst famines in its history, the people of Erfurt turned against the city’s mayor, Siegmund Lebrecht Hadelich. The mayor, who was also a professor of cameral sciences at the university, was accused of hoarding grain, speculating on the shortage and publicly advocating the virtues of free trade. This upheaval provides an opportunity to analyse how the demand for the fundamental right to food has led to a dual process of attempts to expand and contract political participation rights. Surprisingly, the rioters received unexpected support from another university professor, the aesthetic philosopher Friedrich Justus Riedel (1742–1785). For Riedel, the riot was an opportunity to examine the place of the common man in society, his right to speak, and his political competence. This article summarizes the initial results of a project carried out as part of a French habilitation à diriger les recherches
Wiener Digitale Revue: Der Podcast für Germanistik und Gegenwart
No full textIn jeder Folge trifft Host Stefan Sonntagbauer auf einen ganz besonderen Menschen aus dem literarischen und literatur-wissenschaftlichem Leben, um über Wort, Welt und Herzensthemen zu sprechen. Am Programm: Spannende Einblicke in literarische Lebenswelten, kulturwissenschaftliche Tiefenbohrungen und neue Inspirationen zwischen Literatur-Leidenschaft und -Wissenschaft. Der perfekte Podcast für alle, die fest davon überzeugt sind, dass Leben nicht zuletzt bedeutet, sich Geschichten zu erzählen, man nicht nicht kommunizieren kann und Worte immer ihre eigene Wirklichkeit schaffen.
Folge 1: Retroaktive Politik – Sylvia Sasse über Geheimdienste, organisierte Desinformation und die Rhetorik der UmkehrungIn dieser Folge spricht Stefan Sonntagbauer mit der Literaturwissenschaftlerin und Propaganda-Expertin Sylvia Sasse über die Strategien der Geheimdienste. Sasse zeigt, wie die Autokratien eine „retroaktive Politik“ verfolgen – indem sie sich die Ursachen für ihr Handeln nachträglich selbst konstruieren. Außerdem spricht sie darüber, wie sich die Desinformations-Mächte ganz grundlegend auf eine Rhetorik der Umkehrung stützen und erklärt, inwiefern Politik immer schon Theater gewesen ist. Sie analysiert Beispiele von der DDR bis hin zu Donald Trump und Vladimir Putin, und zeigt am Ende auf, wie man sich am besten vor falschen Informationen schützen kann: Eine packende – und ebenso erschütternde – Einführung in die Welt der Geheimdienste.
Hier geht es zur Folge 1 auf Spotify
Folge 2: Indiens Geheimdienste – Philipp Sperner über das Arthashastra, Narrative der Nationalkultur und Indiens neues SelbstverständnisIn dieser Folge spricht Stefan Sonntagbauer mit dem Kulturwissenschaftler Philipp Sperner über Indiens Geheimdienste. Sperner erklärt, wie sich ausgehend vom Arthashastra – dem „indischen Machiavelli“ – ein neues Selbstverständnis entwickelt hat und wie Indien unter Modi seine Rolle im geopolitischen Gefüge neu definieren will. Er zeigt auch auf, wieso gerade die Geheimdienstwissenschaften anfällig dafür sind, Narrative der herrschenden Macht weiterzuschreiben, anstatt sie kritisch zu hinterfragen.
Hier geht es zur Folge 2 auf Spotif
書評: Johannes D. Kaminski 著 Dreams in Chinese Fiction: Spiritism, Aestheticism, and Nationalism
No full textDreams in Chinese Fiction: Spiritism, Aestheticism, and Nationalism
By Johannes D. Kaminski
New York: Routledge, 2024. 132 pp.
ISBN: 978103277217
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No full textGermany and China: How Entanglement Undermines Freedom, Prosperity and Security
by Andreas Fulda
Reviewed by Susanne Weigelin-Schwiedrzik
In: Journal of the European Association for Chinese Studies, vol. 6.1 (2025): 159–16
(Re)assembling a boat: Exploring different body worlds of funerary models
No full text\u27Yet in that dry, still, dark little chamber those boats and statues had stood indifferent to all that went on in the outer world\u27 (Winlock, 1955: 7–8). This quote is part of an introductory narrative capturing the 1920 find of the chief royal steward Meketre’s tomb models, where Winlock describes the \u27spirits of these little servants\u27 working \u27eternally\u27 for Meketre, demonstrating an interpretation of these models as being enlivened to serve their deceased owner, and these models having a lack of relations with the outside world (Winlock, 1955: 5–6). Both aspects—being enlivened to serve their owner and a lack of relations to the outside world—remain common to Egyptological thought. By tracking the changes of relations with and within a single object of a similar type and date to Meketre’s models, Model Solar Boat (Michael C. Carlos Museum 2018.010.415), the potential of relational approaches to tomb models, in particular, body worlds (Robb & Harris, 2013) and assemblage theory (Harris, 2021) to generate new questions and a more nuanced understanding of an object with a complex biography is exemplified. Model Solar Boat is made from at least three ancient tomb models, held together with modern pins and plaster. This case study focuses on two snapshots of time: the Middle Kingdom, when the ancient models were placed in burials, and the late 19th and early 20th when those models were modified into the object before us today. The different aims of the model are viewed in relation to the deceased’s body, the ancient living community, and the encounters with 19th and 20th century bodies of knowledge
Critical Social Metaphysics: Metaphysics for Liberation and Social Science and Theory
No full textThere has been considerable new work on the metaphysics of sex and gender, race, sexuality, and disability. The methodology employed in this work varies considerably. In this essay I advocate for a certain conception of doing social metaphysics. This conception involves a descriptive task and a critical task; it requires that we always keep in mind what we want the theory for; and it involves meeting certain epistemic and ethical demands. I conclude by discussing some ways in which social metaphysics of this kind can support political activism and policy making, as well as research in the social sciences
Against Guala and Hindriks’ Functionalist Theory of Institutions
No full textWhat explains the existence and persistence of institutions? This article centres on Guala and Hindriks’ functionalist theory of institutions, which explains their existence and persistence by their overall beneficial consequences, where these consequences are not the intentional product of individual or collective human decisions. According to them, institutions exist and persist because they generate “cooperative benefits,” through their ability to solve coordination problems. This article aims to show that their theory is lacking in at least three respects. First, indeterminacy in the selection of coordination devices weakens its predictive power. Second, their account relies on an inappropriate conception of the benefits of institutions, which makes it unable to explain why some institutions exist and persist while others do not. Finally, it lacks empirical support from history