University of Oslo (UiO): FRITT (E-Journals)
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Ny avhandling om læremiddelbruk i svensk religionsundervisning
No full textTomas Widholm: Läromedel i praktiken. Läromedelsbruk i religionskunskap på gymnasieskolan. Linköping Studies in Pedagogical Practices. Dissertation No. 39. Linköping universitet, Linköping 2020 https://www.avhandlingar.se/avhandling/27a4e7e16d
Rammefaktorenes betydning for mat- og helseundervisningen på 1.- 4.trinn
No full textMat og helse har kompetansemål etter 4. trinn i norsk grunnskole, men få studier har sett på betydningen av rammefaktorer for undervisningen i mat og helse på barnetrinnet. I denne studien undersøker vi læreres og skolelederes oppfatninger av rammefaktorer og forskjeller mellom skolenes rammefaktorer, som lærerkvalifikasjoner, timeplanfestet undervisning, organisering, budsjett og utstyr. Data ble samlet inn gjennom 24 kvalitative intervju, fordelt på 9 med skoleledere og 15 med mat- og helselærere. Intervjuene ble gjennomført på 12 utvalgte praksisskoler fra alle landsdeler i Norge. Til tross for kort undervisningserfaring og manglende studiekompetanse i faget opplever både lærere og ledelse at de har tilstrekkelig med kompetanse til å undervise i faget på 1.–4. trinn. Læreren styrer ofte innholdet i faget selv, og det å timeplanfeste mat- og helseundervisningen på 1.–4. trinn har en gunstig innflytelse på prioriteringen av mat og helse i barneskolen. I situasjoner der råvarer eller nytt utstyr handles inn, har mat- og helselæreren et nøkternt pengebruk. Ikke alle skolene har undervisningskjøkken tilgjengelig for bruk på 1.–4. trinn, noe som kan føre til en teoretisering av undervisningen. Til tross for til dels gammelt utstyr i undervisningskjøkkenet, opplever lærerne at de har tilstrekkelig med utstyr til å undervise 1.–4. trinn. De oppgir sambruk av undervisningsrommet som en større utfordring.
Nøkkelord: mat- og helseundervisning, rammefaktorer, budsjett, utstyr, lærerkvalifikasjoner, 1.–4. trinnThe subject Food and Health in Norwegian lower primary school has competence goals after grade 4, but few studies have investigated the impact of framework factors for teaching Food and Health at this level. In this study, teachers and management were interviewed and differences between schools related to framework factors were investigated, such as teachers’ educational level, physical, organizational, and financial factors. Twenty-four interviews were conducted, 9 with principals and 15 with Food and Health teachers, at 12 schools from different parts of Norway. Despite short teaching experience and the lack of formal education in the subject, both teachers and their management felt they had enough competence to teach this subject in grades 1–4. The teachers have great autonomy when it comes to the content of the subject. Findings show that a fixed number of lessons in the curriculum has a beneficial influence on the priority of Food and Health in primary schools. Teachers have minimal spending when it comes to buying food or new equipment. Not all schools have teaching kitchens available for first to fourth graders, which can lead to talking about food instead of preparing it. Despite old equipment, teachers feel it is good enough for teaching grades 1–4, but state that shared use of the teaching kitchen is a major challenge.
Keywords: Home Economics, Food and Health, framework factors, budget, equipment, teacher qualifications, lower primary schoo
Saneleuterio Temporal, Elia, 180º, Madrid, Lastura (Col. Writers of the Mediterranean Arc), 106 pp.
No full textLa poesía que explota las posibilidades metalingüísticas puede llevar al lector a la disyuntiva de si lo que se propone es un puro juego con el lenguaje, sin un verdadero contenido y, por ello, se puede también dudar de si la experiencia poetizada permite a los lectores ahondar en su propia experiencia. En más de una ocasión, después de haber leído un poemario, la exaltación de las emociones se acompaña de la perplejidad sobre el sentido de los versos. Sin embargo, esto no ocurre en 180º porque el lenguaje y la emoción están al servicio de una pregunta vital. ¿Quién es la voz poética después del paso del tiempo? En otras palabras, ¿cómo se transforma y, a la vez, se mantiene una pasión a lo largo de la experiencia? 180º es el quinto poemario de Elia Saneleuterio Temporal, donde la poeta sigue indagando en la experiencia personal del entusiasmo por la vida y en su significado y también en los encuentros y desencuentros con el tú poético
Decapitation and Dynamite: The Mutilated Mountainside Monument of Gaius Julius Aquila on the Coast of Bithynia et Pontus
No full textThe Roman monument locally known as Kuşkayası Yol Anıtı (literally bird rock road monument) in Turkish is an arresting site carved in relief on a mountainside. Its decapitated figures have hewn limbs, and dynamite has blasted out large chunks of the monument. Though scholars have tangentially touched upon Kuşkayası, there is little analysis of its visual symbolism and the mutilated human figure’s identity and destruction have been mysteries. This paper will analyse the monument and explicate its noteworthy blend of Roman Imperial and local iconography, a syncretistic design which participates in the Romanization of Bithynia et Pontus and legitimizes the monument’s builder Gaius Julius Aquila. Next, this paper will argue that the mysterious beheaded figure likely represents Aquila rather than Emperor Claudius. Finally, this paper will forward that Kuşkayası was the victim of Christian mutilation in Late Antiquity during its initial phase of destruction, and treasure hunters in its most recent phase. Kuşkayası represents an innovative symbolic composition and speaks both to the syncretistic public art tradition and the history of the destruction of antiquities on the Black Sea coast.
 
No Man’s Land or Neutral Ground: Perceived Gendered Differences in Ideologies of War
No full textThis article approaches gender in the Viking Age as a fluid social category, to be understoodthrough an intersectional lens alongside other cultural variables. Using material from theVestfold region, the article argues that the perceived genders encountered in mortuaryremains from the area display a significant amount of social similarities. It therefore proposesto explore the expression of social roles across, rather than within gendered lines. Theapproach challenges the traditional tendency of dividing gendered archaeological remainsbased on a few, select categories singled out from the grave goods. It suggests that a moreopen approach would avoid overlooking real and tangible levels of shared expressionsbetween graves assigned different gender in many mortuary contexts.The article challenges the idea of a Viking Age instigated by male violence and the interlinkedbelief that women are naturally less inclined to violence and more disposed to benurturing and caring. These concepts are examined as modern constructs and as such theyare not applicable to the past without scrutiny. I argue that the idea of a Viking Age warriorideology, which leaves no room for women, is culturally ingrained and needs to be questionedin light of both archaeological material and written sources. By critically examiningthe ideas mentioned above, wider discussions can be created, where gender does not necessarilyplay a limiting role in the enactment of certain social ideologies. Hence, this articledoes not seek to detail the specifics of female involvement in war, but rather to explore thecultural contexts that have influenced perceptions of such participation.This article approaches gender in the Viking Age as a fluid social category, to be understood through an intersectional lens alongside other cultural variables. Using material from the Vestfold region, the article argues that the perceived genders encountered in mortuary remains from the area display a significant amount of social similarities. It therefore proposes to explore the expression of social roles across, rather than within gendered lines. The approach challenges the traditional tendency of dividing gendered archaeological remains based on a few, select categories singled out from the grave goods. It suggests that a more open approach would avoid overlooking real and tangible levels of shared expressions between graves assigned different gender in many mortuary contexts.
The article challenges the idea of a Viking Age instigated by male violence and the interlinked belief that women are naturally less inclined to violence and more disposed to be nurturing and caring. These concepts are examined as modern constructs and as such they are not applicable to the past without scrutiny. I argue that the idea of a Viking Age warriorideology, which leaves no room for women, is culturally ingrained and needs to be questioned in light of both archaeological material and written sources. By critically examining the ideas mentioned above, wider discussions can be created, where gender does not necessarily play a limiting role in the enactment of certain social ideologies. Hence, this article does not seek to detail the specifics of female involvement in war, but rather to explore the cultural contexts that have influenced perceptions of such participation
Down by the River: Exploring the Logistics of Viking Encampment across Atlantic Europe
No full textLike any other medieval mariner, itinerant viking hosts would regularly have made their way ashore to regroup and reinforce their constituent craft and crews. Accordingly, historical and archaeological records from across Atlantic Europe attest to various waterside encampments having been established during overseas viking campaigns. The everyday practical operation of these camps remains largely underexplored, however, maintaining long-standing impressions that these were relatively dormant hideouts, principally used to intersperse bouts of conflict or to wait out the winter. Bringing together the interdisciplinary evidence for viking encampment from Ireland, England, and the Frankish realm, this study provides a more pronounced picture of the overall logistics involved in establishing and maintaining sites like these. Focusing on the themes of sustenance, security, industry, and commerce, it affirms that the encampments played host to an intricate, adaptive system of logistical (inter)relationships, which contributed to the overall sustainability of the earlyviking phenomenon.Like any other medieval mariner, itinerant viking hosts would regularly have made theirway ashore to regroup and reinforce their constituent craft and crews. Accordingly, historicaland archaeological records from across Atlantic Europe attest to various watersideencampments having been established during overseas viking campaigns. The everydaypractical operation of these camps remains largely underexplored, however, maintaininglong-standing impressions that these were relatively dormant hideouts, principally used tointersperse bouts of conflict or to wait out the winter. Bringing together the interdisciplinaryevidence for viking encampment from Ireland, England, and the Frankish realm, this studyprovides a more pronounced picture of the overall logistics involved in establishing andmaintaining sites like these. Focusing on the themes of sustenance, security, industry, andcommerce, it affirms that the encampments played host to an intricate, adaptive system oflogistical (inter)relationships, which contributed to the overall sustainability of the earlyviking phenomenon
Revisiting the Norse on the Western Isles from a Landscape Perspective
No full textHistorically the research on the relationship between the Norse and Pictish period populationof the Western Isles has largely focused on place-name evidence, due to the prevalenceof Old Norse place names over Pictish period ones and a scant archaeological record. Placenamescholars, as well as archaeologists have traditionally split into two schools of interpretation:a ‘war school’ and a ‘peace school’. The war school argues that the archaeologicaland place-name material contains proof of a Norse genocide against the Pictish periodinhabitants, while the peace school has advocated assimilation or acculturation. In the lastfew decades excavations and surveys have given a better understanding of the Norse presenceon the islands. This article approaches the question of whether the Pictish period populationsurvived, through an archaeological landscape analysis that incorporates settlementsites and uses place-name data. It argues that the landscape displays proof of a survivingPictish period culture within a dominant Norse society, though this survival was probablyasymmetrical and regional.Historically the research on the relationship between the Norse and Pictish period population of the Western Isles has largely focused on place-name evidence, due to the prevalence of Old Norse place names over Pictish period ones and a scant archaeological record. Placename scholars, as well as archaeologists have traditionally split into two schools of interpretation: a ‘war school’ and a ‘peace school’. The war school argues that the archaeological and place-name material contains proof of a Norse genocide against the Pictish period inhabitants, while the peace school has advocated assimilation or acculturation. In the last few decades excavations and surveys have given a better understanding of the Norse presence on the islands. This article approaches the question of whether the Pictish period population survived, through an archaeological landscape analysis that incorporates settlement sites and uses place-name data. It argues that the landscape displays proof of a surviving Pictish period culture within a dominant Norse society, though this survival as probably asymmetrical and regional
Hvordan endret byggeskikken seg på Borg? En analyse av fire utvalgte hus på Borg, Vestvågøy fra yngre jernalder til høymiddelalder
No full textThe purpose of the analysis was to highlight how the building tradition at Borg, Lofoten, Norway, changed from the Late Iron Age to the High Middle Ages. The construction elements such as roof-bearing posts, doorways, fireplaces, walls, and room divisions were compared between Borg I:1a, Borg I:1b, Borg II and Borg III. The results of the analyses emphasized that the building tradition at Borg changed in regard to house construction, size of the buildings and the division of rooms. The residents of Borg traditionally built longhouses with combined living room and byre from approx. 600 AD to the year 1300 AD. It is argued that limited access to local resources, such as timber, led to the residents retaining much of the same building tradition for approx. 700 years. 
Veidekongen, olifanten og bøkeskogen: Jakt, krig og aristokratisk ideologi i vikingtid og middelalder
No full textThis article discusses aspects of aristocratic hunting in theViking and Middle Ages. Falconry requires great knowledgeof birds, dogs and horses and the ability to make theminteract. The hunt itself should involve danger and requiredlarge resources. Falconry and other types of hunting wasassociated with high status, partly because hunting wasconsidered training for war. In the King’s Mirror from the13th century, emphasis is placed on the positive aspects ofhunting, such as allowing the king to maintain his health,and as having sporting fun with hawks, dogs, horses andweapons makes one accustomed to the use of weapons andwar. Earlier scholars have usually considered Norway asan exception from the general trend of aristocratic, warpreparinghunting, as hunting was practiced solely for foodor economic gains. Furthermore, Norway, together withIceland, has mainly been seen as a mere supplier of huntingbirds. Following recent research, this paper considers certainaspects of the archaeological record from Norway, as wellas written sources, that indicate falconry and other formsof aristocratic hunting practices. It is furthermore arguedthat the substantial beech forests of SE Norway were in factestablished as hunting parks in the Viking Age and later
Research on illicit cultural artefacts: The case of the Babylonian mathematical cuneiform texts in the Schøyen Collection
No full textThis paper examines whether we can have confidence in the scientific integrity of a research effort that could potentially be part of the illicit trade in cultural artefacts. As an example, I use the research on the ancient clay tablets from the Schøyen Collection. A closer study of the research product reveals questionable research practices, and the latter issue is then put into a wider context. After highlighting the importance of the research community as a social institution in shaping the norms and values of its members, and its influence on what is desirable research, I explore how these expectations and guidelines impact research conducted on illicit cultural artefacts