University of Oslo (UiO): FRITT (E-Journals)
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Planets in Alchemy: Commentaries and Glosses on the Opening Verses of Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs’s Shudhūr al-dhahab
No full textThe Arabic alchemical poetry collection Shudhūr al-dhahab (“The Splinters of Gold”) by Ibn Arfaʿ Raʾs (fl. 12th and/or 13th c.) has engendered a remarkably rich commentary tradition, both in separate works and in manuscript glosses, written and copied from the 12th/13th to the 20th centuries. Of particular interest to the commentators was the first poem of the collection. It was known as al-Kawkabiyya (“The Planetary Poem”) since the seven classical planets are the principal agents in its two opening verses. After providing a survey of all known commentaries on Shudhūr al-dhahab and of the poetry collection’s manuscripts with glosses on the “planetary” verses, this article analyses their explanations, particularly with regard to the interrelations of astrological and alchemical imagery. It also includes an edition of an alchemical poem of unclear authorship, which was probably composed as an imitation of the first poem of Shudhūr al-dhahab by emulating its references to the planets.
Keywords: Arabic alchemy – Arabic astrology – Arabic manuscripts – commentaries – glosses – alchemical poetr
Fish AI: Sustainable Commercial Fishing
No full textSustainable Commercial Fishing is the second challenge at the Nordic AI Meet following the successful MedAI, which had a focus on medical image segmentation and transparency in machine learning (ML)-based systems. FishAI focuses on a new domain, namely, commercial fishing and how to make it more sustainable with the help of machine learning. A range of public available datasets is used to tackle three specific tasks. The first one is to predict fishing coordinates to optimize catching of specific fish, the second one is to create a report that can be used by experienced fishermen, and the third task is to make a sustainable fishing plan that provides a route for a week. The second and third task require to some extent explainable and interpretable models that can provide explanations. A development dataset is provided and all methods will be tested on a concealed test dataset and assessed by an expert jury.Sustainable Commercial Fishing is the second challenge at the Nordic AI Meet following the successful MedAI, which had a focus on medical image segmentation and transparency in machine learning (ML)-based systems. FishAI focuses on a new domain, namely, commercial fishing and how to make it more sustainable with the help of machine learning. A range of public available datasets is used to tackle three specific tasks. The first one is to predict fishing coordinates to optimize catching of specific fish, the second one is to create a report that can be used by experienced fishermen, and the third task is to make a sustainable fishing plan that provides a route for a week. The second and third task require to some extend explainable and interpretable models that can provide explanations. A development dataset is provided and all methods will be tested on a concealed test dataset and assessed by an expert jury
The purpose of science education: Guidance provided by Swedish Science Syllabuses
No full textThis study used a quantitative deductive approach based on Biesta’s functions of education and Roberts’ curriculum emphases to analyse the purposes that are stressed in the Swedish science syllabuses in lower and upper secondary school. The study shows that the syllabuses advocate multiple purposes both with respect to functions of education and curriculum emphases. Most sentences stressed the function of qualification, indicating that the overall purpose of science education is to provide students with knowledge and skills, while transmitting certain norms or creating independent critical thinking skills is less prioritised. The extent to which the different curriculum emphases were stressed differed both between different science syllabuses and between different parts of the syllabuses. Possible consequences of these differences are discussed in relation to teachers’ design of teaching and students’ possibilities to develop knowledge and skills necessary for active participation in science-related issues as citizens
Science teaching in upper primary school through the eyes of the practitioners
No full textTeachers’ own voices have been partially missing in science education research on upper primary school (age 10-12). In order to examine views and experiences of teaching science, we interviewed 14 upper primary teachers. They described science teaching as fun, mainly due to the inherent practical work. The same practical work was also identified by the teachers as the main cause of stress and was therefore conducted less frequently than desired. The data enabled construction of seven teacher roles, closely connected to both their described teaching practices and views on science education. Teachers’ accounts of their science teaching speak of a varied practice with emphasis on practical work and facts, and less articulated descriptions of work to develop students’ abilities to examine and communicate science. The results provide insights into the interactions between teacher views and teaching practices which could prove valuable for improving upper primary science education
La memoria compartida por las palabras de un transmisor de la historia: Manuel Vázquez Montalbán
No full textEl proceso transicional español, a pesar de la voluntad de pasar página vio insurrecciones de olas memoriales por una gran parte de la ciudadanía. El “deber de memoria” anhelado por los españoles encontró confrontaciones con el “deber de paz” por parte de la corona española y del nuevo gobierno formado por el rey. Esta investigación se focaliza en la memoria silenciada, la memoria republicana investigando los archivos de un soporte de memoria imprescindible que es la prensa. La prensa del tardofranquismo – de oposición al régimen dictatorial – permitió diseminar una cultura alternativa, crear una conciencia colectiva, entrar en contacto y sensibilizar a los españoles sobre la actualidad. Además, el vínculo prensa-memoria parece incontestable porque el discurso periodístico es un discurso memorial por excelencia. Manuel Vázquez Montalbán fue, sin lugar a dudas, una figura emblemática del compromiso español del siglo XX, por su colosal pero también singular obra, por su estilo de escritura particular, y sobre todo, por su abanico de soportes en los que su escritura permanece más allá del tiempo y de la memoria. Vázquez Montalbán no escribió de espaldas a la historia sino que se enfrentó a ella y este estudio lo demuestra investigando las revistas Por Favor y Triunfo durante el año clave 1975.The Spanish transitional process, despite the will to turn the page, saw insurrections of waves of memorials by a large part of the citizenry. The "duty of memory" longed for by Spaniards found confrontations with the "duty of peace" on the part of the Spanish crown and the new government formed by the king. This research focuses on the silenced memory, the republican memory, by investigating the archives of an essential support of memory, which is the press. The late-Francoist press - in opposition to the dictatorial regime - made it possible to disseminate an alternative culture, to create a collective conscience, to make contact with and raise awareness of current affairs among Spaniards. Moreover, the press-memory link seems incontestable because journalistic discourse is a memorial discourse par excellence. Manuel Vázquez Montalbán was, without a doubt, an emblematic figure of 20th century Spanish commitment, for his colossal but also singular work, for his particular style of writing, and above all, for the range of media in which his writing remains beyond time and memory. Vázquez Montalbán did not write with his back to history but rather confronted it, and this study demonstrates this by investigating the magazines Por Favor and Triunfo during the key year 1975
Datos de los autores y coordinadores
No full textBiodatas of the authors and coordinators of this issue of the journal.Biodatas de los autores y coordinadores de este número de la revista.Biodata fra forfatterne og koordinatorene for denne utgaven av tidsskriftet
CLARA Review: Maria Luisa Catoni & Gabriel Zuchtriegel (eds), 2022: Arte e sensualità nelle case di Pompei (Catalogo della mostra, Parco Archeologico di Pompei). Artem. 280 pages.
No full textThe exhibition Arte e sensualità nelle case di Pompei (21 April 2022-15 January 2023) has been curated by professor in art history and classical archaeology, Maria Luisa Catoni (IMT Lucca) and director of the Pompeii archaeological park, Gabriel Zuchtriegel. It offers a glimpse of the sensual, sexual and erotic aesthetics which decorated different spaces of ‘an ideal’ Pompeian domus. This wide repertoire brings together 69 items, including wall-paintings, statues (ranging from 139 cm to 94 cm) and statuettes (63 cm-13 cm), as well as other personal and everyday objects, dating to between the first century BC and the first century AD. Aside from the bronze medallions decorating the ceremonial chariot or ‘pilentum’ from Civita Giuliana discovered in 2021, and the newly restored wall-paintings from cubiculum 8 at Villa del Carmiano at Gragnano, all displayed works have been recovered from the storage rooms of Pompeii (rather than borrowed from other institutions or museums). The use of stored objects from depositories is a much-welcomed development for displaying sensual and erotic art from Pompeii. While current practices have a tendency to arrange exhibitions around the same familiar artefacts, Arte e sensualità nelle case di Pompei exhibits lesser-known examples—giving the audience an idea of the complex and diverse nature of such items. This review attempts to evaluate the potential of Arte e sensualità nelle case di Pompei and the accompanying catalogue. It begins with a definition of the field, continuing with an account and a walk-through of each of the exhibition areas. The review concludes with a descriptive evaluation of the lavishly illustrated catalogue
Når kongedømmet bejler til ungdommen
No full textDet saudiske regimes kamp for ny legitimitet efter det arabiske forår: En appel til ungdomsgenerationen igennem brug af retorik og symboler
De vilde, de erotiske og de røveriske
No full textFolkeudstillinger med arabere og muslimer i København og Aarhus i perioden 1876-1909
From removal box to showcase – the archive as principle of arrangement
No full textThis article is a critical reading of the retrospective exhibition with the Danish-French artist Sonja Ferlov Mancoba (1911-1984) at The National Gallery of Denmark in 2019. The article focuses on the various principles of arrangement that the exhibition uses in its curatorial approaches, such as the archive and the studio. This brings forward specific concerns about the artist, the biography and the working process, which relates to broader perspectives on how to reread female artists in a contemporary condition. The article discusses how the exhibition fails to combine the different arrangement principles, and as a result of this, the exhibition rather tells the relation between the works, the artistic process and the influence on the artist rather than shows it. This happens despite a rich archive that shows Ferlov Mancobas concern about her environment and how the time affected her work. The article draws on theories of the archive and feminism.This article is a critical reading of the retrospective exhibition with the Danish-French artist Sonja Ferlov Mancoba (1911-1984) at The National Gallery of Denmark in 2019. The article focuses on the various principles of arrangement that the exhibition uses in its curatorial approaches, such as the archive and the studio. This brings forward specific concerns about the artist, the biography and the working process, which relates to broader perspectives on how to reread female artists in a contemporary condition. The article discusses how the exhibition fails to combine the different arrangement principles, and as a result of this, the exhibition rather tells the relation between the works, the artistic process and the influence on the artist rather than shows it. This happens despite a rich archive that shows Ferlov Mancobas concern about her environment and how the time affected her work. The article draws on theories of the archive and feminism