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唐宋“哩”“囉”考
No full text唐宋歌曲中的“哩” “囉”等聲原屬彈舌音，發音時彈摇舌部以引聲。上古漢語中的彈舌音在南北朝時期已漸消亡，加之唐代悉曇學非常發達，很可能源自梵文彈舌音。因梵文彈舌音中的四流音於唐代應用並不普遍，故更可能源自彈舌音中的超聲r，超聲r與元音組合即成“哩” “囉”等聲。彈舌音對於其時漢人而言較爲新奇，人們爭相仿傚。初作歌助聲（虚聲、和聲），唐宋以降，歌曲中“哩” “囉”等字漸被用以指代其他物事（如歌曲、唱吟之事、男女合歡之事等），以及用作咒語。彈舌發音較爲困難，“舌强”之人方可爲之，“哩” “囉”等聲傳入漢地後，彈舌屬性或愈漸剥離。
The sounds of “ri” and “ra” in songs of the Tang and Song dynasties were originally tongue-twitching sounds, and when pronouncing them, the tongue was flicked to lead the sound. The tongue-twitching sounds in ancient Chinese gradually disappeared during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. In addition, Siddhamology was very developed in the Tang Dynasty, so it is very likely that they originated from the Sanskrit tongue-twitching sounds. Since the four-flow sounds in Sanskrit were not commonly used in the Tang Dynasty, it is more likely that they originated from the ultrasonic r in the Sanskrit. The ultrasonic r combined with vowels formed sounds such as “ri” and “ra”. The tongue-twisting sound was relatively new to the Han people at that time, and people rushed to imitate it. Initially, it was used to assist sounds in songs (empty sounds and harmonious sounds). Later, words such as “ri ” and “ra” were gradually used to refer to other things (such as songs, singing, sexual intercourse between men and women, etc.), and were used as spells. The tongue-rolling pronunciation is rather difficult and can only be done by people with a “strong tongue”. After the sounds such as “ri” and “ra” were introduced into the Han area, the tongue-rolling property may have gradually been lost
Enhancing human-system synergy through neuro-physiological computing
No full textAs automated and intelligent systems are increasingly integrated into work environments, they hold immense potential to enhance productivity and decision-making. However, these systems often fail to account for the nuanced and dynamic nature of human behavior, resulting in challenges such as misaligned human-machine collaboration and human-machine conflicts. Without the ability to sense and adapt to users\u27 intentions and cognitive and emotional states, these systems risk undermining performance, safety, and well-being. To ensure effective human-system interaction, it is crucial for these systems to become more aware of and responsive to the humans they are designed to support.
This talk explores how neurophysiological computing technologies can bridge this gap by enabling real-time human state sensing. By leveraging tools such as electrocardiography (ECG), electrodermal activity (EDA), eye tracking, electroencephalography (EEG), and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we can capture rich physiological and behavioral data to infer user states such as attention, workload, intention, and even team dynamics. These insights empower intelligent systems to dynamically adapt to users\u27 needs, potentially reducing errors, resolving conflicts, and fostering better collaboration.
This talk will showcase advancements in neuro-physiological computing for recognizing user intention, sensory conflicts, and teamwork states through case studies and applications. Highlights include an EEG-based system that detects visual-vestibular conflicts to assist pilots with spatial disorientation, and an fNIRS-based solution that monitors neural synchrony in teamwork for adaptive training in aviation and healthcare. These examples demonstrate how integrating human sensing technologies into intelligent systems can enhance performance, safety, and well-being in an automated world
Prediction and prevention of problematic game use in South Korea
No full textIn the current digital era, video game has become one of the most popular forms of entertainment. The widespread use of smartphones and the growth of the mobile gaming industry have led to increased variety and accessibility to video games for individuals of all age groups. Although video game playing may be benign for most people, others may show patterns of problematic game use (PGU), which is characterized by over-prioritization of gaming in daily life and inability to control game use despite negative consequences such as compromised physical and psychological health, academic and professional performance, and interpersonal relationships. According to the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) published by the World Health Organization (WHO), if these behaviors persist over an extended period, a Gaming Disorder diagnosis may be considered. It has also been suggested that, as a form of behavioral addiction, Gaming Disorder tends to become more resistant to treatment over time, highlighting the need to early identify and prevent PGU before it follows a chronic course. To achieve this goal, it is essential to identify risk factors and reveal how they may conjointly have varying effects on individuals with PGU vulnerability. In this presentation, I will review a line of research from my lab focusing a) identifying individuals at higher risk for developing PGU, and b) revealing mechanisms in which multiple individual and contextual factors may become associated with PGU, based on studies with diverse samples in South Korea. Clinical implications will also be discussed based on major findings from my lab
大明穿越時空記
No full text這本繪本是「古刻薪傳——超越技術的中國書籍」跨學科研究項目的成果之一。旨在博古通今，讓小朋友透過充滿趣味的小故事，一起探索中國書籍刻印技術從雕版印刷到數碼印刷的演變和多樣性。讓這繪本成為孩子們開啟對中國書籍與印刷術奇妙之旅的起點！https://commons.ln.edu.hk/picturebook_daiming/1000/thumbnail.jp
I can resist everything except desire : revisiting \u3ci\u3el\u27écriture féminine\u3c/i\u3e with Oscar Wilde\u27s \u3ci\u3eSalomé\u3c/i\u3e
No full textL’écriture féminine, also known as feminine writing, is a word coined by the French feminist and literary critic, Hélène Cixous. In Cixous’s pioneering essay, “The Laugh of the Medusa” (1976), she identifies that women’s writing has been confiscated by men over the years. In order to resist the patriarchal oppression, a woman must write about herself, and naturally her body will generate a female voice which is inaudible to most males. In other words, Cixous believes that male writers can hardly adopt l’écriture féminine as she writes: “I write woman: woman must write woman. And man, man” (Cixous 877). However, scholars have discovered the potential problems of l’écriture féminine, and Cixous has been criticised for being an essentialist, referring to Cixous’s presumption that there is a unified voice coming out of women’s bodies while ignoring the intersectionality of women.
This project examines Oscar Wilde’s Salomé through the lens of Cixous’s theory of l’écriture féminine. I argue that the play does not only depict Salomé’s radical female desire that strikingly aligns with Cixous’s theoretical framework, but also that, by situating Salomé within Wilde’s biographical context, we can posit his sudden turn to l’écriture féminine as an attempt to probe for a coded outlet for his long repressed homosexual desire. The example of Wilde and Salomé encourages us to revisit the supposed essentialism of Cixous’s theory. By bridging Wilde and Cixous, this project illuminates and reinforces the theoretical significance of l’écriture féminine as it allows a sanctuary for marginalised writers to navigate through the heteropatriarchy
Efficacy and feasibility of an adapted version of the unified protocol on relieving depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents
No full textDepression and anxiety symptoms are increasingly common among adolescents, prompting a focus on effective treatments. The Unified Protocol for the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A) has shown mixed results. Researchers suggested that the brief mindfulness component in the original UP-A might limit its effectiveness. To enhance the UP-A, this study integrated extended mindfulness practices. Additionally, based on the ecological system theory, we added social support practices, aiming to enhance the adolescents\u27 ability of utilize resources in their environments to overcome life difficult circumstances. We recruited 53 adolescents with high depression and/or anxiety symptoms, randomly assigning them to an adapted UP-A group (n = 28) or a waitlist control group (n = 25). Participants were assessed on depression, anxiety, mindfulness, distress tolerance, and social support before, after, and one month following the intervention. The intervention group received an eight-week program (once a week), and the waitlist group received no intervention.
Results showed significant time and group interaction effects on depression, mindfulness, and distress tolerance, but not on anxiety and social support. The intervention group had significantly lower depression levels post- intervention, but not at follow-up. For the waitlist control group, the differences of depression among pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up were not significant. Mindfulness levels increased post-intervention but did not change at follow-up. For the waitlist control group, levels of mindfulness did not change significantly at post-intervention compared with pre-intervention. It decreased from post-intervention to follow-up significantly. Compared to pre-intervention, distress tolerance did not significantly differ during post-intervention and follow-up among the intervention group. However, it decreased from pre-intervention to post-intervention in the waitlist group while increased from post-intervention to follow-up.
The study concludes that the adapted UP-A effectively reduces depression symptoms among Chinese adolescents and has moderate feasibility. This research supports the efficacy of the UP-A in China and adds to intervention strategies for adolescent depression
From abstraction to empiricism : a new paradigm an intercultural education in crisis
No full textIn recent years, researchers have made enormous strides in understanding culture and cognitive processes, e.g .: cultural differences in information processing, emotion, motivation, and identity; cognitive biases; empathy and value judgments. By and large, however, these insights have not been incorporated into intercultural education. Instead, intercultural education finds itself in crisis as long-standing approaches have lost credibility. This talk will argue that the empirical insights of cognitive and cultural psychology can help reorient intercultural education away from abstraction and ideology, towards the psychological realities of intercultural experiences. I will discuss research which shows that the beliefs/assumptions of intercultural educators are often at odds with an empirical understanding of cognitive processes. Just as a therapist can help identify cognitive distortions and change how we interact with others, intercultural education can give learners insights into: 1) the influence of culture on our experience of the world, 2) patterns of psychological difference around the world, 3) mental shortcuts (cognitive biases) that lead to intercultural misunderstanding, 4) and, the cognitive processes related to empathy. I will share examples of how this deep culture approach is being developed and applied, and invite participants to discuss the future of intercultural education
Conceptualizing and measuring culture : rethinking invariance assessment as a crucial process for cultural research
No full textCulture is a construct that cannot be directly observed but has to be inferred. Anthropology has long emphasized the meaning making process for understanding culture, yet this important insight has been sidelined in survey-based cross-cultural studies. Researchers typically pose questions and then interpret selected statistical parameters from cross-cultural data. The interpretation of parameters that were constrained via researcher-posed questions crucially obscures the meaning making process used by respondents. To bring meaning-making back into the study of culture, I outline a broad invariance assessment process differentiating five stages of inquiry that apply to most research projects. I briefly outline cognitive theories of survey responding and meaning-making and show how they link to my invariance questions. I present examples to illustrate novel insights about culture as a multi-level concept that can be gained through this process. My main argument is that analysis of culture requires renewed focus on meaning making processes by individuals embedded in different social, economic, ecological and technological contexts. Invariance assessment in the broad sense outlined here is a central element in such an endeavor
The inhuman origins of culture : the role of ecological relatedness and density
No full textWhat do ground squirrels, killifish, and humans have in common? The answer is that all have evolved to adopt certain traits and behaviors, in response to variation in environmental and ecological conditions. This is known as adaptive plasticity. I outline how thinking about adaptive plasticity, and animal behavioral ecology more broadly, can provide novel insights to our understanding of the nature and origins of human cultural variation. Specifically, I focus on two lines of work: (1) the psychological effects of living in environments where individuals are surrounded by many family relatives-referred to as ecological relatedness, and (2) the psychological effects of living in environments with many unrelated individuals (i.e., high population densities in general). I highlight how this perspective can generate novel predictions about cultural variation and also integrate existing cultural psychological explanations. Finally, I discuss how this perspective is similar to or different from existing theoretical perspectives, and key questions that remain