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Understanding the behaviour of adopted northern Canadian community dogs through a mixed-methods approach
No full textNorthern dogs, including pet, community, and free-roaming dogs (FRDs) from remote northern Canadian communities, are often rehomed to less remote areas as part of population control efforts. This change in environment may restrict dogs’ autonomy and freedom compared to the environment they originated from. This study aimed to investigate the post-adoption behaviour and adjustment of northern dogs using a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected from 357 participants through an 89-item survey distributed via social media and author networks. The survey addressed owner and dog demographics, lifestyle factors, and dog behaviour using a shortened version of the Canine Behaviour and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ). Additionally, an open-ended question explored owners’ perspectives of their dog’s adjustment to the home. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on the shortened C-BARQ to examine the factor structure. Multiple logistic regressions were used to analyse the influence of lifestyle and demographic parameters on C-BARQ subscale scores. Qualitative content analysis was used to process open-ended responses. The EFA revealed a 13-factor structure, including Stranger-directed aggression, Owner-directed aggression, Dog-directed aggression and fear, Stranger-directed fear, Non-social fear, Touch sensitivity, Separation-related behaviour, Chasing, Escape, Attachment, Excitability, Energy, Trainability and Dog rivalry. Adopted Northern dogs demonstrated high scores for Chasing, Energy, and Attachment, with influencing factors including age at adoption, access to other dogs, and household size. Content analysis identified key themes related to the adjustment process and factors influencing it. Overall, a substantial portion of owners reported that Northern dogs displayed behaviour problems post-adoption, which may stem from dogs experiencing frustration, related to a lack of control over their new environments and a misalignment with their previous reality. This study highlights the importance of understanding and fulfilling the unique social, physical and cognitive needs of Northern dogs to ensure a smoother adjustment process post- adoption.</p
Changes in Mathematics Anxiety and Mathematics Confidence
No full textPast research has well-documented strong negative affective reactions towards mathematics which is often attributed to mathematics anxiety. High levels of mathematics anxiety are frequently linked to poor achievement in mathematics and decreased confidence and motivation for students. This study explores between-term and between-year changes in mathematics anxiety and mathematics confidence of 1,246 students in KS3 (secondary school students aged 11–14). Analysis shows mathematics confidence remains consistent, however, learning mathematics anxiety and evaluation mathematics anxiety decrease between school years, and evaluation mathematics anxiety decreases within the school year. We introduce and consider the role of mathematics apathy as a critical factor explaining the reduction of mathematics anxiety without the theorised increase in mathematics confidence. Binary gender differences are considered, with girls reporting substantially higher levels of mathematics anxiety and lower levels of mathematics confidence than boys. Differences between schools are discussed and implications for teachers and school leaders are presented.</p
Twisted conjugacy in soluble arithmetic groups
No full textReidemeister numbers of group automorphisms encode the number of twisted conjugacy classes of groups and might yield information about self-maps of spaces related to the given objects. Here we address a question posed by Gonçalves and Wong in the mid 2000s: we construct an infinite series of compact connected solvmanifolds (that are not nilmanifolds) of strictly increasing dimensions and all of whose self-homotopy equivalences have vanishing Nielsen number. To this end, we establish a sufficient condition for a prominent (infinite) family of soluble linear groups to have the so-called property R-infinity. In particular, we generalize or complement earlier results due to Dekimpe, Gonçalves, Kochloukova, Nasybullov, Taback, Tertooy, Van den Bussche, and Wong, showing that many soluble S-arithmetic groups have R-infinity and suggesting a conjecture in this direction.</p
Paint Analysis at the Former Empress Ballroom
No full textCONFIDENTIALArchitectural finishes research at the former Empress Ballroom, Whitley Bay</p
Going beyond ATP binding site as a novel inhibitor design strategy for tau protein kinases in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A review
No full text Alzheimer's disease (AD) is among the top mortality causing diseases worldwide. The presence of extracellular β-amyloidosis, as well as intraneuronal neurofibrillary aggregates of the abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau protein are two major characteristics of AD. Targeting protein kinases that are involved in the disease pathways has been a common approach in the fight against AD. Unfortunately, most kinase inhibitors currently available target the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)- binding site, which has proven unsuccessful due to issues with selectivity and resistance. As a result, a pressing need to find other alternative sites beyond the ATP- binding site has profoundly evolved. In this review, we will showcase some case studies of inhibitors of tau protein kinases acting beyond ATP binding site which have shown promising results in alleviating AD. </p
Decrease in cardiovascular outcomes with SGLT2i in type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome
No full textAims:To assess the impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors when prescribed at discharge on the reduction of major cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods:A retrospective, registry-based, observational study of T2DM patients surviving an ACS event, eligible for an SGLT2i between July 2018 and December 2023. Comparisons were made between patients receiving SGLT2i’s at discharge with those who never received it or were prescribed post-discharge. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients having a MACE event (i.e., a composite of first events of hospitalisation for heart failure, coronary, cerebrovascular events or all-cause death). Inter-group survival analysis was performed using propensity score-matched Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression models.Results:Of 970 patients, 313 received an SGLT2i at discharge, 330 post-discharge, while 327 patients never received it. The incidence of primary outcome was 19%, 23% and 43% respectively. Receiving SGLT2is at discharge significantly reduced the risk of MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33-0.60, pConclusion:Discharge SLGT2i therapy reduces MACE events in T2DM-ACS patients in comparison to SGLT2i naïve patients.</p
The climate impacts of cinematography and developing a sustainable future for the craft.
No full textA presentation update of my doctorial research to date at the University of Lincoln Doctorial Showcase 2025.
Outlining my research to date and my plans for my first practice experiment.</p
Keeping up appearances: penance and peace-making in the Plantagenet family at the end of the "War Without Love", 1174-5.
No full text This article examines the processes by which the sons of Henry fitz Empress were received back into high Plantagenet society after spending eighteen months in rebellion against their father (February 1173 to September 1174). My central argument is that Henry had a plan for the reintegration of his boys into their previous positions. That plan, however, met the reality that the separate political communities of the Plantagenet world were unwilling to see the boys received back into their father's favour without going through the public ceremonies of penance demanded of those seeking reconciliation. I further argue that the problems that confronted Henry in his reintegration plan of 1174-5 are only revealed when we examine separately the remarkably full contemporary accounts of the process. In this article, therefore, I also have insights to offer concerning the methodologies employed by Roger of Howden and Ralph of Diss in the composition of their works. </p
Fluid dynamics of dinoflagellate feeding and swimming
No full textDinoflagellates have clearance rates one order of magnitude higher than other phagotrophic flagellates of similar size. Here we use observations of flagellar kinematics, flow visualization, and fluid dynamic modelling to describe how the very specialized flagellar arrangement of dinoflagellates allows such high clearance rates. Previous attempts have failed to clarify and quantify the different roles of their two flagella.</p
Light-Dependent Amide or Thioamide Formation of Acylsilanes with Amines using Elemental Sulfur
No full textDue to the diverse chemical and physical properties of functional groups, mild and controllable ligation methods are often required to construct complex drugs and functional materials. To make diverse sets of products with tunable physicochemical properties, it is also useful to employ complimentary ligation methods that adopt the same starting materials. Here, we disclose the efficient and modular synthesis of amides or thioamides through the chemical ligation of acylsilanes with amines, simply by turning a light on or off. This method is fast, mild, high-yielding and displays excellent functional-group tolerance. The versatility of these reactions is highlighted by their ability to perform post-synthetic modifications on a variety of marketed medications, peptides, natural substances, and compounds with biological activity. In-depth computational and experimental studies clarified the photo-dependent umpolung of reactivity of acylsilanes, namely: photoexcitation leads to nucleophilic O-silyl carbenes that react with S8 to form O-silyl thionoesters and eventually amides. In contrast, acylsilanes react as electrophiles with amines thermally in the dark, with C→O silyl transfer, prior to reacting with S8 to form thioamides. These mechanistic details are expected to guide the development of similar coupling reactions.</p