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Smart Cities, Urban Sustainability and Climate Change: A Conceptual Review
No full textSmart cities are potent instruments to mitigate climate change and foster urban sustainability. This is because smart cities exploit the benefits of advanced technologies and “Internet of Things” (IoT), which makes varieties of information available on issues, thereby easing strategies for tackling them. It therefore, becomes possible to make informed and precise choices that enact change to sustainably enhance survival. The aim of this article is to provide a conceptual evaluation on the implementation of smart cities in solving global climate change and urban sustainability concerns. This paper concludes that, even though smart cities can take major local intervention on climate change and urban sustainability, they will continue to depend on domestic governments to invest in critical infrastructure including defence, power, water supply, communications, and fast transit. Smart cities also need the private sector, through transparent and responsible taxation, to improve their attractiveness, generate wealth and jobs, and boost municipal finance resources
Foreign Exchange Rates and Infrastructure Development in Nigeria
No full textPurpose – Infrastructural development is germane for the socioeconomic growth of nations. Nigeria’s infrastructural deficit has been attributed to poor infrastructure planning, mistiness in public procurement, over-dependence on oil revenues and fluctuating exchange rate. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between foreign exchange rate and cost of road infrastructural development in Lagos State.
Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative research approach was adopted in the study. Data on cost of road infrastructure in Lagos was gathered from the archives of registered Lagos Sate civil engineering consultants and contractors. Data on foreign exchange rate was obtained secondarily from the publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Nigeria Bureau of statistics using a data collection proforma for a period of seventeen years spanning from 2000 to 2016, indicating the inception of democracy in the Nigerian political agenda and the end of military rule in Nigeria.
Findings – Fluctuation in foreign exchange rate had 49.6% impact on the cost of road infrastructural development and is responsible for the high cost of infrastructural development in Nigeria.
Research limitations– Only Road infrastructure project cost for Lagos, Nigeria was considered in the study
Theoretical/Social/Practical implications – Unstable foreign exchange rate directly affects cost of road infrastructure, resulting in increased cost while widening the infrastructure deficit.
Originality/value – Periodic study of foreign exchange rates and its attendant implications for infrastructure development can provide policy direction towards closing the infrastructural deficit in Nigeri
Common Fixed Point Theorems of Some Certain Generalized Contractive Conditions in Convex Metric Space Settings
No full textThis paper investigates convergence results for fixed point iterations to the unique common fixed point of sequences of Akram-Jungck and MJ type contractive operators, using Jungck-Schaefer-like iterative technique. We also demonstrate the applicability of these results to solving optimization problems
Some Geometric Characterization Of Star-like 3D Conjugacy C3ω∗n On Partial One-One Transformation Semigroups
No full textLet Xn = {1, 2, 3, ...} be a set of distinct non negative integer then C3ω∗n be star-like conjugacy transformation semigroup for all D(α∗) (domain of α∗) and I(α∗) (Image of α∗) such that an operator | αωi − ωi+1 |≤| αωi − ωi | was generated. A star-like transformation semigroup is said to satisfy collapse function if C+(α∗) =| ∪tα− : t ∈ Tαω∗n | while the finding shows that the collapse of 3D star-like conjugacy classes are zero. The geometry model of 3D starlike conjugacy was obtained by using folding principle on a standard A4 paper which shows the star-like 3D conjugacy relation α(ij) = αi+αi+1 αi−αi+1 = αi+1+αi αi+1−αi .Some tables were formed to analyse the structure of star-like derank of C3ω∗n be | n − Imα∗ |= d, star-like collapse C+(α∗) =| ∪tα−1 : t ∈ Tαω∗n |, Star-like relapse C−(α∗) =| n−C+(α∗), Star-like pivot of C3ω∗n be |n.r+(α∗)c−(α∗) + c+(α∗|= p and Star-like joint of C3ω∗n be | r+(α∗)−m∗(α∗)−C+(α∗)+n |= j . The study conclude that C3ω∗n has n order conjugacy classes and we show that ϕ ∈ C3ω∗n
Volatility Modeling and Forecasting Using Range-Based GARCH Models
No full textThis paper investigates the forecast performance of symmetric and asymmetric GARCH models in comparison with symmetric and asymmetric range-based GARCH models. Specifically, we explore whether including the range and assuming asymmetry in the conditional variance equation significantly impacts the forecast performance of range-based GARCH models. The models examined in this study include GARCH(1,1), TARCH(1,1), RGARCH(1,1,1), and RTARCH(1,1,1). Our evaluation of these models utilizes different loss functions.Using daily, weekly and monthly opening, closing, highest and lowest all-share historical prices of the Nigeria Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2024, the results of data analysis reveal that incorporating the range and accounting for asymmetry in the conditional variance equation enhances the forecast performance of range-based GARCH models. Importantly, this finding holds for daily, weekly, and monthly forecast horizons.
 
On Induced Matching Numbers of Stacked-Book Graphs
No full textFor a simple undirected graph G, an induced matching in G is a set of edges M no two of which have common vertex or are joined by an edge of G in the edge set E(G) of G. Denoted by im(G), the maximum cardinal number of M is known as the induced matching number of G. In this work, we probe im(G) where G = Gm,n, which is the stacked-book graph obtained by the Cartesian product of the star graph Sm and path Pn
MHD CASSON NANOFLUID FLOW WITH VISCOUS DISSIPATION, CHEMICAL REACTION AND THERMAL RADIATION SUBJECTED TO CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
No full textCasson nanofluid flow in the presence of nanoparticles, viscous dissipation, chemical reactions and thermal radiations under the influence of convective boundary conditions is numerically investigated. Convective conditions of temperature and nanoparticle concentration are employed in the formulation of the problem. The highly governing partial dierential equations models the problem are reduced to ordinary dierential equations via similarity variables. Numerical solutions via shooting method with six order Runge Kutta scheme used to solve the velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration models. The numerical simulation is carried out with the aid of Maple software. The results and influence of embedded flow parameters are presented through graphs and tables. The obtained results are compared with similar existing results in literature and there is excellent agreement. We found that temperature and nanoparticle concentration fields decrease when the values of Casson parameter increases. It is found that the temperature and concentrations fields enhanced as Biots numbers increase due to thermal and concentration convective conditions. The results further revealed that both the thermal and nanoparticle concentration boundary layer thicknesses are higher for the larger values of thermophoresis parameter. It is also observed that temperature and concentrations profiles reduces for large value of Brownian motion parameters. The results further reveal that both the fluid temperature and concentration increases as chemical reaction increases
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF CHOLERA TRANSMISSION IN EPIDEMIC AND ENDEMIC SETTINGS WITH CONTROL STRATEGIES
No full textOne of the most serious health issues in the world today is cholera, particularly in poorer nations with poor access to clean water. We have examined the distribution of cholera in both endemic and epidemic settings in this article. We develop the mathematical model of the dynamics of cholera transmission known as SEIRH with controls. The time-dependent control mechanisms (vaccine, water purication, and sanitation) that govern the disease's transmission and management were incorporated into the model. It was possible to acquire the potential key measure R0, a threshold value used to forecast the prognosis of a disease. The stability of the endemic disease equilibrium point (EEP) and the cholera-free equilibrium point (DFEP) was examined. If R0 is less than 1, then DFEP is locally asymptotically stable (LAS), and EEP is globally asymptotically stable (GAS) when R0 is greater than 1. The impact of control measures on virus spread was investigated, and the optimal control value that minimizes the objective function was also investigated using Pontryagin's maximum principle. The model simulation shows that the methods used have a positive impact on public health by lowering morbidity and mortality. Cholera incidence can be considerably decreased by effective prevention and control measures, which will lower rates of morbidity and mortality
The Growth Impact of Deposit Money Banks on the Economy of Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examines the crucial roles of deposit money banks (DMBs) in driving economic growth in Nigeria. The study uses various banking metrics and performance indicators such as Loan to Deposit Ratio (LTD), Credit to the Private Sector (CPS), Liquidity Ratio (LR), Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR), Inflation Rate (INF), Interest Rate (INT), and Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) and the growth rate of Gross domestic product (GGR). Time series data from the CBN statistical bulletin spanning the period of 2008 to 2022 were used and. the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model was employed to analyze the data gathered. The findings of the study revealed that LTD positively and significantly contributed to economic growth in Nigeria while CPS, INF and INT exhibit a negative impact on growth in Nigeria. However, MPR has positive but insignificant impact on growth. Furthermore, LR and CRR were found to constrain the lending capacity of banks, thereby hindering growth in Nigeria. The study thus recommends that monetary policy frameworks of the CBN be reviewed to reduce reserve requirement of DMBs and that more growth inducing credit risk assessment policies of the CBN be implemented. Based on the banking sector performance parameters used in the study, the study therefore concludes that the roles of DMBs in Nigeria have not had the expected positive impact on growth in the economy, although their impact are significant, since only two out of seven of the parameters used had positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria.  
BRIDGING GENDER GAPS IN TECH ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Get PDFEntrepreneurship has no perimeter to individual differences (gender, race, colour, and culture). This makes gender equity, a bedrock to flourishing modern economies that desires sustainable inclusive growth. However, statistical evidence shows women have been underrepresented in the tech entrepreneurship space in Nigeria. Hence, this study assessed the gap and how this gap can be bridged using a survey from seven technology-based firms in Lagos state via the use of Multinominal Regression. Result revealed that there is a significant relationship between discipline in education and technology-based skills and the ability to establish or work in a technology-based firms. The study therefore recommends that grants and scholarships in STEM education be given to females which will be used to make policy recommendations that will help reduce gender inequality among tech entrepreneurs in the future