JLIS.it (Italian Journal of Library, Archives, and Information Science / Rivista italiana di biblioteconomia, archivistica e scienza dell'informazione)
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Linked Heritage Experience in Linking Heritage Information
Get PDFThe Linked Heritage Project started in April 2011. It is funded by the European Commission under the IST Policy Support Programme (ICT PSP), and runs for 30 months. Its main objective is to contribute a large quantity of new content to Europeana, from both the public and private sectors (c3 million items). In addition, the project will show how: 1. To enhance the quality of Europeana content, in terms of its metadata richness, its re-use potential and its uniqueness; 2. To enable improved search, retrieval and use of Europeana content. The author is working in this project, specifically as lead partner in the work package Linking Cultural Heritage Information. This will, amongst other things, be exploring best practice report on cultural heritage linked data and metadata standards. This paper will give some results of the research that has been undertaken. Questions that will be answered include: “What is linked data? Is all of it Open? Which standards are being used? What use is being made of linked a data in cultural heritage at the moment?”.The Linked Heritage Project started in April 2011. It is funded by the European Commission under the IST Policy Support Programme (ICT PSP), and runs for 30 months. Its main objective is to contribute a large quantity of new content to Europeana, from both the public and private sectors (c3 million items). In addition, the project will show how: 1. To enhance the quality of Europeana content, in terms of its metadata richness, its re-use potential and its uniqueness; 2. To enable improved search, retrieval and use of Europeana content. The author is working in this project, specifically as lead partner in the work package Linking Cultural Heritage Information. This will, amongst other things, be exploring best practice report on cultural heritage linked data and metadata standards. This paper will give some results of the research that has been undertaken. Questions that will be answered include: “What is linked data? Is all of it Open? Which standards are being used? What use is being made of linked a data in cultural heritage at the moment?”
From record to data. Linked data and information seeking in the OPAC.
Get PDFThe application of linked data to catalogue data opens up new perspectives for OPAC development.The new relationships between bibliographic and other data will produce cataloguess that are deeply integrated with the Web, giving a decisive impact on the structure of catalog records, on access and on the functions that the catalog can play in the wider global information space.In this paper the author explores the possibility the new record deconstructed and connected with the other data on the Web is able to facilitate the creation of knowledge in the use of the catalogue. The author then analyzes the potential of application of linked data to the catalogue with regards to the capabilities for research, the new possibilities of semantic search and the ways to access bibliographic data.L’applicazione dei linked data ai dati catalografici apre nuove prospettive di sviluppo per i cataloghi elettronici delle biblioteche. Le relazioni tra dati bibliografici e di altra natura consentiranno di produrre cataloghi profondamente integrati con il resto del Web, imprimendo una svolta decisiva alla struttura dei record catalografici, alle modalità di accesso al catalogo e alle funzioni che esso potrà svolgere all’interno del più ampio spazio globale dell’informazione. In questo contributo, che si ricollega a quello pubblicato in precedenza in questa rivista, si esplora la possibilità che il nuovo record decostruito e ‘collegato’ agli altri dati sul Web sia in grado di facilitare la creazione di conoscenza nell’utilizzo del catalogo. Si analizzano così le potenzialità di applicazione dei linked data ai cataloghi per quanto riguarda le funzionalità per la ricerca, le nuove possibilità della ricerca semantica e le nuove modalità di accesso ai dati bibliografici.
Opening and welcome
Get PDFWelcome address held by the Rector of the University of Florence in the International Seminar of study "Global Interoperability and Linked Data in Libraries."Saluto di benvenuto del Rettore dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze al Seminario internazionale di studi "Global Interoperability and Linked Data in Libraries"
Dewey linked data: Making connections with old friends and new acquaintances
Get PDFThis paper explores the history, uses cases, and future plans associated with availability of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system as linked data. Parts of DDC system have been available as linked data since 2009. Initial efforts included the DDC Summaries in eleven languages exposed as linked data in dewey.info. In 2010, the content of dewey.info was further extended by the addition of assignable numbers and captions from the Abridged Edition 14 data files in English, Italian, and Vietnamese. During 2012, we will add assignable numbers and captions from the latest full edition database, DDC 23. In addition to the “old friends” of different Dewey language versions, institutions such as the British Library and Deutsche Nationalbibliothek have made use of Dewey linked data in bibliographic records and authority files, and AGROVOC has linked to our data at a general level. We expect to extend our linked data network shortly to “new acquaintances” such as GeoNames, ISO 639-3 language codes, and Mathematics Subject Classification. In particular, the paper examines the linking process to GeoNames as an example of cross-domain vocabulary alignment. In addition to linking plans, the paper reports on use cases that facilitate machine-assisted categorization and support discovery in the semantic web environment.This paper explores the history, uses cases, and future plans associated with availability of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system as linked data. Parts of DDC system have been available as linked data since 2009. Initial efforts included the DDC Summaries in eleven languages exposed as linked data in dewey.info. In 2010, the content of dewey.info was further extended by the addition of assignable numbers and captions from the Abridged Edition 14 data files in English, Italian, and Vietnamese. During 2012, we will add assignable numbers and captions from the latest full edition database, DDC 23. In addition to the “old friends” of different Dewey language versions, institutions such as the British Library and Deutsche Nationalbibliothek have made use of Dewey linked data in bibliographic records and authority files, and AGROVOC has linked to our data at a general level. We expect to extend our linked data network shortly to “new acquaintances” such as GeoNames, ISO 639-3 language codes, and Mathematics Subject Classification. In particular, the paper examines the linking process to GeoNames as an example of cross-domain vocabulary alignment. In addition to linking plans, the paper reports on use cases that facilitate machine-assisted categorization and support discovery in the semantic web environment
Recupero della classificazione decimale Dewey da altre basi di dati: un progetto di bonifica del catalogo
Get PDFThe increasing availability of online catalogs and bibliographical databases allows not only for copy cataloging, but also for the retrieval of atomic information useful within the catalog. To this end, Dewey decimal numbers were imported from national and international sources by means of the unique identifier ISBN.Technical specifications have been developed to locate the records to be retrieved, to query external databases, to extract the Dewey decimal classification numbers and add them to the catalog.The exceptionally large amount of Dewey numbers added to the catalog has improved the semantic usability of the OPAC.The procedure established has also facilitated the collection of information on the use of the Dewey Decimal System in the various databases used and allowed to make certain comparisons between them.The tools employed can be used analogously for data-retrieval operations in the catalog, as an aid in the cataloging process, or to improve the OPAC in either a static or dynamic manner.Taking into account its virtually exclusive practical purpose, this work is characterized by practical rather than theoretical choices. However, the experience acquired opens up areas even in the field of academic research.La crescente disponibilità di cataloghi online e banche dati bibliografiche permette oltre alla catalogazione derivata, anche il reperimento all'interno del catalogo di informazioni "atomiche" utili. A tal fine, i numeri decimali Dewey sono stati importati nelle fonti nazionali e internazionali mediante l'identificatore univoco ISBN. Sono state sviluppate specifiche tecniche per individuare i record da recuperare, per interrogare i database esterni e per estrarre i numeri di classificazione Dewey e aggiungerli al catalogo. La grande quantità di numeri Dewey aggiunti al catalogo ha migliorato l'usabilità semantica degli OPAC. La procedura stabilita ha anche facilitato la raccolta delle informazioni sull'uso del Sistema di Classificazione Decimale Dewey nelle varie basi di dati utilizzate ed autorizzate a fare taluni confronti tra loro. Gli strumenti impiegati possono essere usati analogamente per le operazioni di recupero dei dati nel catalogo, sia come supporto nel processo di catalogazione sia per arricchire gli OPAC in modo statico e dinamico. Tenendo conto del suo esclusivo scopo pratico, questo lavoro è caratterizzato da scelte concrete, piuttosto che teoriche. Tuttavia, l'esperienza acquisita apre spazi anche nel campo della ricerca accademica
Cataloguing in the open - the disintegration and distribution of the record
Get PDFAs part of a strategic investment in openness the Swedish National Library has released the National Bibliography and accompanying authority file as open data with a Creative Commons Zero license effectively putting it in the public domain. The data has been available as linked open data since 2008 but is now also released in its original, complete form making it fit for re-use by other library systems. An important principle of linked data is to link out the other datasets. However, as data becomes more interconnected and distributed the need for ways to track and respond to changes in other datasets, even ones outside our area of control, becomes bigger. The issue of who to trust of course becomes vitally important. This paper details the motivation behind the release as well as the technology used to support it. Also, a consequence of exposing and using linked data is that the idea of the record as a self contained and delimited entity starts to fall apart.As part of a strategic investment in openness the Swedish National Library has released the National Bibliography and accompanying authority file as open data with a Creative Commons Zero license effectively putting it in the public domain. The data has been available as linked open data since 2008 but is now also released in its original, complete form making it fit for re-use by other library systems. An important principle of linked data is to link out the other datasets. However, as data becomes more interconnected and distributed the need for ways to track and respond to changes in other datasets, even ones outside our area of control, becomes bigger. The issue of who to trust of course becomes vitally important. This paper details the motivation behind the release as well as the technology used to support it. Also, a consequence of exposing and using linked data is that the idea of the record as a self contained and delimited entity starts to fall apart
L’adattamento di ISBD al web semantico dei dati bibliografici espressi in linked data
Get PDFLinked data is the current paradigm. All works, projects and applications have it as main tool, because of its potentiality. In linking data, the selected information, authorized, validated, recorded and structured in their databases for long time by cultural institutions as libraries, necessarily is going to play an important role. The work carried out by IFLA ISBD Review Group has had this goal in mind, to make possible that the information in our databases will be in the cloud, that is, “enhance the portability of bibliographic data in the semantic web environment and the interoperability of the ISBD with other content standards” as said in the Purpose of Consolidated ISBD, 2010. Many voices have spoken about the obscure language for users that represent the library language. Linked data can help in making it understandable. To reach this big objective much more, work than converting information in linked data is necessary. Declarations in RDF, definitions, and translations are essential to make really multilingual understanding, not only English semantic web.Linked data is the current paradigm. All works, projects and applications have it as main tool, because of its potentiality. In linking data, the selected information, authorized, validated, recorded and structured in their databases for long time by cultural institutions as libraries, necessarily is going to play an important role. The work carried out by IFLA ISBD Review Group has had this goal in mind, to make possible that the information in our databases will be in the cloud, that is, “enhance the portability of bibliographic data in the semantic web environment and the interoperability of the ISBD with other content standards” as said in the Purpose of Consolidated ISBD, 2010. Many voices have spoken about the obscure language for users that represent the library language. Linked data can help in making it understandable. To reach this big objective much more, work than converting information in linked data is necessary. Declarations in RDF, definitions, and translations are essential to make really multilingual understanding, not only English semantic web
Research Data and Humanities: an European overview
Get PDFL'articolo indaga il tema dei research data nell'ambito delle discipline umanistiche, in area europea. Definendo tale tipologia di dati come risorsa primaria e fondamento dei risultati della ricerca scientifica, si sono individuate le specificità che la caratterizzano nel settore delle scienze umane. L'attenzione rivolta ai research data nelle politiche europee ne conferma il ruolo strategico per lo sviluppo e l'ottimizzazione del sistema della ricerca. L'osservazione di alcune realizzazioni di infrastrutture e progetti dedicati ai research data nelle discipline umanistiche, mostra l'importanza del ruolo degli Stati nel definire politiche volte a potenziare e valorizzare tali sistemi, per rendere efficienti le singole iniziative e limitare la disomogeneità, favorendo l'esistenza di sistemi facilmente individuabili, utilizzabili ed integrati tra loro. In questo contesto la posizione dell'Italia, fino ad oggi arretrata in relazione ai sistemi di raccolta, gestione, conservazione, condivisione dei dati risultanti dalla ricerca, sembra collocarsi in una prospettiva di sviluppo.The article examines research data practices in the Humanities within the European area.The great attention paid to research data in European policies on research confirms their strategic role in the development and optimization of the scientific research.The analysis of some research infrastructures and projects focused on research data in the Humanities shows how the European Member States can act centrally in improving and developing them, in order to make efficient individual activities and to reduce the lack of homogeneity, and to support the presence of easily identifiable, usable and integrated systems
Biblioteche e studi legali in Italia
Get PDFIl presente articolo illustra i risultati del primo studio effettuato sulle biblioteche di studi legali in Italia. Ad oggi, ci sono poche pubblicazioni al riguardo, pertanto, è stato ritenuto importante verificare la diffusione delle biblioteche negli studi legali italiani. Lo studio, si è basato su un campione di 100 studi legali più grandi in Italia per fatturato, attraverso un questionario online inviato alle biblioteche coinvolte. Oltre al recupero degli indirizzi di posta elettronica ai quali inviare la richiesta di partecipazione al questionario, sono stati analizzati i siti internet degli studi legali con l'obiettivo di individuare la presenza di una struttura bibliotecaria, di servizi di Knowledge management e di attività editoriali. Questo studio ha determinato, anche se il tasso di risposta è stato piuttosto basso (35% della popolazione) per cui il campione è parzialmente rappresentativo, che la maggior parte delle biblioteche di studi legali mostrano caratteristiche comuni tra risorse, servizi e strumenti le quali potrebbero rappresentare uno standard su larga scala.The following publication presents the results of the first study on law firm libraries in Italy. To date there are only few publications on this topic, therefore it has been considered interesting to determine the distribution of law libraries and professionals involved. The study, which was based on a sample population of 100 largest law firms in Italy by revenue, employed an online questionnaire and the data were collected through web site analysis aiming to identify a library, a knowledge management service and editorial activities. Besides variables regarding revenue, location and number of lawyers were extracted from the data of the sample population in order to validate the results.The study determined, even though the response rate was quite low (35% of the population) thus the sample is partially representative, that most of the law firm libraries show characteristics in common including resources, services and tools which may represent a large-scale standard
LC Classification as linked data
Get PDFIn 2009 and in 2011, the Library of Congress made two of its largest authority files – Subject Headings and Names – available as linked data via LC’s Linked Data Service, ID.LOC.GOV. Both are offered in MADS/RDF and SKOS. It is LC’s objective, in 2012, to publish another of its largest authority files as linked data: LC Classification. Whereas the source records for Subject Headings and Names are encoded in the MARC Authority format, from which there is a relatively straightforward mapping to MADS/RDF and SKOS, LC Classification records rely on the MARC Classification format. Mapping from LC Classification to MADS/RDF or SKOS has been a little more challenging. For example, records that represent classification ranges, which are not Concepts intended to be assigned, are not easily accommodated in SKOS. This presents additional problems when needing to accurately represent the relationships in RDF for LC Classification. With comparison to the publication of LCSH and Names at ID.LOC.GOV, this paper will examine issues encountered – and how those challenges were addressed – during the conversion of LC Classification to MADS/RDF and SKOS for release as linked data at ID.LOC.GOV.In 2009 and in 2011, the Library of Congress made two of its largest authority files – Subject Headings and Names – available as linked data via LC’s Linked Data Service, ID.LOC.GOV. Both are offered in MADS/RDF and SKOS. It is LC’s objective, in 2012, to publish another of its largest authority files as linked data: LC Classification. Whereas the source records for Subject Headings and Names are encoded in the MARC Authority format, from which there is a relatively straightforward mapping to MADS/RDF and SKOS, LC Classification records rely on the MARC Classification format. Mapping from LC Classification to MADS/RDF or SKOS has been a little more challenging. For example, records that represent classification ranges, which are not Concepts intended to be assigned, are not easily accommodated in SKOS. This presents additional problems when needing to accurately represent the relationships in RDF for LC Classification. With comparison to the publication of LCSH and Names at ID.LOC.GOV, this paper will examine issues encountered – and how those challenges were addressed – during the conversion of LC Classification to MADS/RDF and SKOS for release as linked data at ID.LOC.GOV