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THE ZANGEZUR CORRIDOR: CULTURAL, INFORMATION AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND REGIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
No full textThe Zangezur corridor possesses socio-economic, geopolitical and geostrategic characteristics connecting Central Asia, the Caspian region, Azerbaijan and Armenia with Turkey. This suggests that the corridor, which will expand the transport-logistics network between Azerbaijan, Turkey, Russia and Armenia, will positively impact regional trade and play an important role in establishing economic cooperation in the South Caucasus. The Zangezur corridor is redrawing the economic and transport map of the South Caucasus. This project significantly increases Azerbaijan\u27s geo-economic weight and influence capabilities in the region. By ensuring access to international markets for previously closed and economically isolated territories, regional economic dynamism is revitalized. Thus, Azerbaijan becomes an important logistics center at the intersection of East-West and North-South routes
AI, BIG DATA AND THE EVOLUTION OF DIGITAL DIPLOMACY: A TRANSFORMATIVE SHIFT IN 21ST CENTURY FOREIGN POLICY PRACTICE
No full textThis study examined the transformative impact of digital technologies---particularly artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and algorithmic systems---on contemporary diplomacy. The primary objective was to conceptualize "algorithmic diplomacy" and analyze its integration into the strategic practices of foreign ministries. Using qualitative content analysis of policy documents and digital communication platforms, the research identified key trends such as real-time decision-making, digital public diplomacy, and crisis management enabled by AI. Findings also highlighted challenges including cybersecurity threats, digital authoritarianism, and ethical opacity. A focused case study on Azerbaijan demonstrated how a Global South nation leveraged AI and digital platforms to modernize its diplomatic infrastructure. The study concluded that digitalization redefined core diplomatic concepts like power and sovereignty. It called for ethical standards and international cooperation to ensure transparent and accountable algorithmic governance in diplomacy
CURRENT STATUS AND IMPACT OF RECYCLING IN REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
No full textOne of the biggest challenges of modern society is the management of spent and discarded materials. Due to the continuous growth of the world’s population, waste generation is steadily increasing. The aim of this paper is to present the current state of the art of recycling in the Republic of Serbia, emphasizing the importance of understanding the basic elements of waste management. The implemented laws and regulations in the field of waste management provide a solid foundation for further progress in this area of environmental protection. The primary stages of proper waste management include: (1) generation, (2) collection, (3) sorting, (4) transportation and distribution, and (5) treatment or disposal. Selecting an effective solid waste treatment process remains challenging due to the variability and composition of input materials. In 2024, a total of 8.15 million tonnes (Mt) of waste was generated in the Republic of Serbia, of which 0.11 Mt was classified as hazardous. Therefore, appropriate waste management represents one of the most important components of a functional green economy, promoting environmental protection and the social sustainability of local communities
INEQUALITY, RELIGION, AND PRODUCTIVITY: HETEROGENEOUS PANEL EVIDENCE
No full textThe research focuses on the link between income inequality (Gini) and secularization (non-religion) and labor productivity, using a balanced panel of 119 countries over 1970–2005. Two-way fixed effects, long differences, and income group interactions are estimated with country-clustered errors. Investment is robustly associated with higher productivity across specifications. In pooled panels, coefficients on the Gini and non-religion are small and imprecise. Allowing for heterogeneity reveals sharper patterns – higher inequality is associated with slower productivity growth within upper-middle income economies, while secularization is negatively related to growth in low and high income groups and modestly positive in upper-middle income countries. These patterns are interpreted as consistent with religion functioning as an informal institution where state capacity is limited, and with demographic headwinds in advanced economies
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES AND STATE POLICY IN EXPANDING ITS PRODUCTION IN AZERBAIJAN
No full textThe energy problem is one of the most urgent problems in the modern world. It is impossible to imagine the development of human society without energy resources. Energy resources are one of the main resources to maintain our modern civilization. Therefore, its supply must be complete and safe. However, the ever-increasing demand for energy and the extensive exploitation of hydrocarbon resources are rapidly depleting existing reserves. Depletion of traditional energy resources and their negative impact on the environment make it necessary to increase the share of alternative energy sources (AES) in energy consumption. Today, countries all over the world are looking for new ways to solve their energy and environmental problems, and one of these ways is the search and production of AESs. The main sources of energy are still non-renewable natural resources such as oil, gas and coal, which lead to depletion of their resources and negative effects on the environment. Therefore, solar, wind, water energy, geothermal energy, etc. more attention is given to AESs such as Their use can reduce dependence on oil, gas and coal, as well as reduce the level of environmental pollution
INTRODUCTORY INTRODUCTIONS TO PRACTICAL FUNDAMENTALS
No full textThis research examines the preliminary foundations of practical principles in the science of Islamic legal theory (Usul al-Fiqh). These principles play a central role when the jurist faces the absence of a definitive or reliable textual proof that can determine the legal ruling. The study aims to clarify the theoretical framework of practical principles and explain their role in determining the practical duty of the legally responsible person when uncertainty exists regarding a legal ruling. The research analyzes the historical development of practical principles within the Imami legal tradition. It traces their emergence in early works of legal theory and follows their development until they reached a mature methodological form in the writings of later Usuli scholars. The study also discusses the distinction between practical principles (al-usul al-ʿamaliyyah) and legal indicators (al-amārāt), focusing on their evidentiary nature and their different roles in legal deduction. In addition, the research explains the difference between rational principles and textual principles, particularly in relation to the source of their authority and the scope of their application. The study further addresses the main practical principles used in Islamic jurisprudence, including the principle of presumption of innocence (al-bara’ah), the principle of precaution (al-ihtiyāt), the principle of choice (al-takhyīr), and the principle of continuity (al-istishāb). It clarifies the conditions under which each principle operates and the contexts in which jurists apply them. The research relies on classical and contemporary Usuli sources to provide an analytical discussion that highlights the theoretical foundations of these principles and their importance in shaping the methodology of legal deduction in Islamic jurisprudence
A PERSONALITY-BASED DIGITAL APPLICATION INNOVATION FOR EDUCATIONAL HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT USING THE TREE HR FRAMEWORK
Get PDFThe development of human resources (HR) in education requires an innovative approach that integrates personality-based learning with modern technology. This study aims to develop a personality-based application for HR in education using the Tree HR Learning Model as a conceptual framework. Using a research and development (R&D) design, this study followed a series of stages including needs analysis, application design, development, expert validation, and limited trials with potential users. Data were collected through questionnaires, expert reviews, and user feedback, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis. The results show that the developed application effectively integrates the Tree HR Model by mapping fundamental values (roots), core competencies (trunk), and practical skills (branches) into application features. Expert validation demonstrated a high level of feasibility in terms of content, usability, and design. The test results indicate that this application increases user engagement and supports HR development in education through increased self-awareness, competency building, and reflective practice
UMA CONSTITUIÇÃO VIVA SEM CONTROLE JUDICIAL: REPENSANDO A INTERPRETAÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL NO VIETNÃ
No full textThis article reinterprets constitutional development in Vietnam through the lens of the living constitution doctrine. While many constitutional systems recognize that constitutional meaning must evolve with social change, Vietnam’s interpretive practice remains largely formalistic and institutionally constrained. Drawing on comparative insights from the United States, Germany, and South Korea, the article shows how constitutional courts sustain the normative vitality of constitutional law by adapting constitutional principles to contemporary challenges. In contrast, the absence of constitutional adjudication in Vietnam has fostered a rigid legal culture that struggles to respond to emerging societal demands. The article advances three reform directions: establishing an independent mechanism for constitutional review, integrating dynamic interpretive approaches into legal education, and strengthening scholarly debate on constitutional meaning. It argues that constitutional effectiveness depends not on textual permanence alone, but on the capacity of constitutional interpretation to remain responsive to lived social realities. The article ultimately asks whether, and to what extent, the living constitution can serve as a viable interpretive framework for constitutional development in Vietnam in the absence of judicial review.ResumenEste artículo reinterpreta el desarrollo constitucional en Vietnam a la luz de la doctrina de la constitución viva (living constitution). Aunque muchos sistemas constitucionales reconocen que el significado de la Constitución debe evolucionar en respuesta a los cambios sociales, la práctica interpretativa en Vietnam sigue siendo en gran medida formalista y limitada desde el punto de vista institucional. A partir de perspectivas comparadas de los Estados Unidos, Alemania y Corea del Sur, el artículo demuestra cómo los tribunales constitucionales preservan la vitalidad normativa del derecho constitucional al adaptar los principios constitucionales a los desafíos contemporáneos. En contraste, la ausencia de jurisdicción constitucional en Vietnam ha fomentado una cultura jurídica rígida, con dificultades para responder a nuevas demandas sociales. El artículo propone tres direcciones de reforma: el establecimiento de un mecanismo independiente de control de constitucionalidad, la integración de enfoques interpretativos dinámicos en la enseñanza jurídica y el fortalecimiento del debate académico sobre el significado constitucional. Se sostiene que la efectividad constitucional no depende únicamente de la permanencia textual, sino de la capacidad de la interpretación constitucional para mantenerse sensible a las realidades sociales vividas. Por último, el artículo se pregunta si, y en qué medida, la constitución viva puede servir como un marco interpretativo viable para el desarrollo constitucional en Vietnam en ausencia de control judicial de constitucionalidad.Este artigo reinterpreta o desenvolvimento constitucional no Vietnã à luz da doutrina da constituição viva (living constitution). Embora muitos sistemas constitucionais reconheçam que o significado da Constituição deve evoluir em resposta às mudanças sociais, a prática interpretativa no Vietnã permanece em grande medida formalista e institucionalmente limitada. Com base em perspectivas comparadas dos Estados Unidos, da Alemanha e da Coreia do Sul, o artigo demonstra como os tribunais constitucionais preservam a vitalidade normativa do direito constitucional ao adaptar princípios constitucionais aos desafios contemporâneos. Em contraste, a ausência de jurisdição constitucional no Vietnã tem fomentado uma cultura jurídica rígida, com dificuldades para responder a novas demandas sociais. O artigo propõe três direções de reforma: o estabelecimento de um mecanismo independente de controle de constitucionalidade, a integração de abordagens interpretativas dinâmicas no ensino jurídico e o fortalecimento do debate acadêmico sobre o significado constitucional. Sustenta-se que a efetividade constitucional não depende apenas da permanência textual, mas da capacidade da interpretação constitucional de permanecer sensível às realidades sociais vividas. Por fim, o artigo indaga se, e em que medida, a constituição viva pode servir como um referencial interpretativo viável para o desenvolvimento constitucional no Vietnã na ausência de controle judicial de constitucionalidade
ASSET LIQUIDITY CONCENTRATION AND ASSET LIQUIDATION STRUCTURE AS PERCENTILE-BASED RISK INDICATORS IN PUBLIC OFFICIALS\u27 WEALTH DISCLOSURE: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Get PDFPublic sector asset disclosure systems face persistent challenges in converting compliance data into actionable oversight intelligence. This study introduces two preventive forensic accounting measures Asset Liquidity Concentration (ALC) and Asset Liquidity Structure (ALS) analyzed through percentile-based benchmarking to enable risk-stratified governance oversight. Examining the complete population of 992,081 asset disclosure reports from Indonesia’s LHKPN system during 2020–2022, the study documents extreme concentration of illiquid assets (median illiquid asset ratio: 95.9%), accompanied by substantial heterogeneity across government sectors and administrative area. Percentile analysis indicates that officials in the upper quartile (P75) hold 99.3% of their assets in illiquid forms, whereas those in the lower quartile (P25) maintain 84.8% illiquidity. Sectoral analysis reveals that executive branch officials exhibit the highest variability in asset liquidity (IQR: 0.174), while legislative officials display the most concentrated illiquid asset profiles (P75: 99.6%). The ALS complexity index (median: 0.614) suggests a level of portfolio diversification that substantially increases verification burdens. Analysis by administrative area further shows that central government officials maintain more complex asset structures (mean ALS: 0.627) compared to regional government officials (mean ALS: 0.626). These percentile-based thresholds facilitate systematic identification of statistical outliers warranting enhanced scrutiny, without presuming misconduct. Overall, the study advances preventive forensic accounting by demonstrating how structural asset characteristics, when assessed using distributional benchmarks, can transform passive compliance systems into active, risk-based governance tools under conditions of limited oversight resources
ESTRATÉGIAS DE USO DE RECURSOS FINANCEIROS LIMITADOS NA FORMAÇÃO EM SAÚDE EM UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS: REVISÃO DE ESCOPO: 2
Get PDFالهدف: رسم خريطة وتحليل استراتيجيات استخدام الموارد المالية المحدودة في التكوين في مجال الصحة في الجامعات العامة البرازيلية، مع تحديد ممارسات الإدارة المعتمدة، وتأثيراتها على جودة العمليات التكوينية، والفجوات المعرفية التي تكشفها الأدبيات العلمية.
المنهجية: مراجعة نطاقية أُجريت بين ديسمبر 2025 ويناير 2026، وفق توصيات معهد جوانا بريغز، وبالاسترشاد بقائمة PRISMA-ScR، مع تسجيل بروتوكول مسبقًا في منصة Open Science Framework. صيغ سؤال الدراسة بالاعتماد على استراتيجية PCC: P – الدورات، والمديرون، والهياكل التكوينية في مجال الصحة؛ C – استراتيجيات استخدام الموارد المالية المحدودة في التكوين الصحي؛ C – الجامعات العامة البرازيلية. شملت الدراسة أبحاثًا منشورة خلال السنوات الخمس الأخيرة، متاحة الوصول الحر، بجميع اللغات، وتتناول تمويل الموارد وتخصيصها وترشيد استخدامها في التكوين الصحي في التعليم العالي العام البرازيلي. واستُبعدت الدراسات الخارجة عن هذا السياق أو التي لا تناقش بشكل مباشر استخدام الموارد المالية. أُجريت عمليات البحث في قواعد PubMed وMedline وCochrane Library وGoogle Scholar، مع تنفيذ مراحل الاختيار واستخراج البيانات وتحليلها من قبل مراجعين مستقلين.
النتائج والمناقشة: تم إدراج 13 دراسة، غالبيتها نوعية وتحليلية ووصفية، بمستويات دليل متوسطة. وتشير الأدلة إلى أنه في ظل استمرار نقص التمويل، اعتمدت الجامعات العامة البرازيلية استراتيجيات تكيفية لدعم التكوين في مجال الصحة، مثل التكامل المنهجي، والتعليم بين المهنيين، وتعزيز التكامل بين التعليم والخدمة في الرعاية الصحية الأولية، واستخدام التقنيات الرقمية، والمحاكاة السريرية منخفضة التكلفة، والطباعة ثلاثية الأبعاد، والمراقبة عن بُعد، ومشاركة البنية التحتية. وتُسهم هذه الممارسات في ترشيد الموارد، وتوسيع الخبرات التكوينية، والحفاظ على الحد الأدنى من جودة التعليم، رغم القيود الميزانية التي تحد من التوسع في المقاعد الدراسية والبنية التحتية وتخصيص أعضاء هيئة التدريس. وتبرز الإدارة الأكاديمية كمحور أساسي من خلال إعطاء الأولوية للاستثمارات الضرورية، وإعادة تنظيم الممارسات التعليمية، وجذب الموارد الخارجية. ومع ذلك، تتفق الأدبيات على أن هذه الاستراتيجيات تُخفف من حدة المشكلة لكنها لا تُغني عن الحاجة إلى تمويل عام كافٍ، مما يكشف عن حدود الاستدامة طويلة الأمد للتكوين الصحي.
الخلاصة: لجأت الجامعات العامة البرازيلية إلى استراتيجيات الاستخدام الرشيد للموارد المالية للحفاظ على التكوين في مجال الصحة في سياقات القيود الميزانية. وعلى الرغم من فعاليتها كاستجابات تكيفية، فإن هذه الاستراتيجيات غير كافية لضمان الجودة والاستدامة على المدى الطويل دون سياسات هيكلية للتمويل العام المستمر. ويُعد تعزيز الإدارة الأكاديمية، إلى جانب التمويل الكافي، أمرًا أساسيًا لضمان تكوين مهنيي صحة يتماشى مع احتياجات النظام الصحي البرازيلي (SUS).OBJETIVO: Mapear y analizar las estrategias de uso de recursos financieros limitados en la formación en salud en universidades públicas brasileñas, identificando las prácticas de gestión adoptadas, sus impactos en la calidad de los procesos formativos y las lagunas de conocimiento evidenciadas en la literatura científica.
MÉTODOS: Revisión de alcance, realizada entre diciembre de 2025 y enero de 2026, conducida conforme a las recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Briggs y orientada por la lista de verificación PRISMA-ScR, con protocolo previamente registrado en la Open Science Framework. La pregunta orientadora se formuló a partir de la estrategia PCC: P – cursos, gestores y estructuras formativas del área de la salud; C – estrategias de uso de recursos financieros limitados en la formación en salud; C – universidades públicas brasileñas. Se incluyeron estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años, de acceso abierto, en todos los idiomas, que abordaran el financiamiento, la asignación y la racionalización de recursos en la formación en salud en la educación superior pública brasileña. Se excluyeron estudios fuera de este contexto o que no discutieran directamente el uso de recursos financieros. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library y Google Académico, con selección, extracción y análisis de los datos realizados por dos revisores independientes.
RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: Se incluyeron 13 estudios, predominantemente cualitativos, analíticos y descriptivos, con niveles de evidencia moderados. Las evidencias indican que, frente al subfinanciamiento persistente, las universidades públicas brasileñas han adoptado estrategias adaptativas para sostener la formación en salud, tales como la integración curricular, la educación interprofesional, el fortalecimiento de la articulación enseñanza-servicio en la Atención Primaria de la Salud, el uso de tecnologías digitales, la simulación clínica de bajo costo, la impresión 3D, el telemonitoreo y el uso compartido de infraestructuras. Estas prácticas permiten racionalizar recursos, ampliar las experiencias formativas y mantener estándares mínimos de calidad pedagógica, a pesar de las restricciones presupuestarias que limitan la expansión de vacantes, la infraestructura y la asignación docente. La gestión académica emerge como un eje central, al priorizar inversiones esenciales, reorganizar prácticas pedagógicas y captar recursos externos. No obstante, la literatura coincide en afirmar que dichas estrategias mitigan, pero no sustituyen, la necesidad de un financiamiento público adecuado, revelando límites para la sostenibilidad a largo plazo de la formación en salud.
CONCLUSIÓN: Las universidades públicas brasileñas han recurrido a estrategias de uso racional de recursos financieros para mantener la formación en salud en contextos de restricción presupuestaria. Aunque eficaces como respuestas adaptativas, estas estrategias son insuficientes para garantizar la calidad y la sostenibilidad a largo plazo sin políticas estructurales de financiamiento público continuo. El fortalecimiento de la gestión académica, junto con un financiamiento adecuado, es esencial para asegurar la formación de profesionales de la salud alineados con las necesidades del SUS.OBJECTIF : Cartographier et analyser les stratégies d’utilisation de ressources financières limitées dans la formation en santé au sein des universités publiques brésiliennes, en identifiant les pratiques de gestion adoptées, leurs impacts sur la qualité des processus de formation et les lacunes de connaissances mises en évidence dans la littérature scientifique.
MÉTHODES : Revue de portée, réalisée entre décembre 2025 et janvier 2026, conduite conformément aux recommandations de l’Institut Joanna Briggs et guidée par la liste de vérification PRISMA-ScR, avec un protocole préalablement enregistré sur l’Open Science Framework. La question directrice a été formulée à partir de la stratégie PCC : P – cursus, gestionnaires et structures de formation du domaine de la santé ; C – stratégies d’utilisation de ressources financières limitées dans la formation en santé ; C – universités publiques brésiliennes. Ont été inclus des études publiées au cours des cinq dernières années, en accès libre, dans toutes les langues, abordant le financement, l’allocation et la rationalisation des ressources dans la formation en santé dans l’enseignement supérieur public brésilien. Ont été exclues les études hors de ce contexte ou ne traitant pas directement de l’utilisation des ressources financières. Les recherches ont été menées dans les bases PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library et Google Scholar, avec sélection, extraction et analyse des données réalisées par deux évaluateurs indépendants.
RÉSULTATS ET DISCUSSION : Treize études ont été incluses, majoritairement qualitatives, analytiques et descriptives, avec des niveaux de preuve modérés. Les données indiquent que, face à un sous-financement persistant, les universités publiques brésiliennes ont adopté des stratégies adaptatives pour soutenir la formation en santé, telles que l’intégration curriculaire, l’éducation interprofessionnelle, le renforcement de l’articulation enseignement-service dans les soins de santé primaires, l’utilisation de technologies numériques, la simulation clinique à faible coût, l’impression 3D, le télésuivi et le partage des infrastructures. Ces pratiques permettent de rationaliser les ressources, d’élargir les expériences de formation et de maintenir des standards pédagogiques minimaux, malgré les contraintes budgétaires qui limitent l’expansion des places, des infrastructures et de l’affectation du personnel enseignant. La gestion académique apparaît comme un axe central, en priorisant les investissements essentiels, en réorganisant les pratiques pédagogiques et en mobilisant des ressources externes. Toutefois, la littérature converge pour affirmer que ces stratégies atténuent, sans remplacer, la nécessité d’un financement public adéquat, révélant ainsi des limites à la durabilité à long terme de la formation en santé.
CONCLUSION : Les universités publiques brésiliennes ont recours à des stratégies d’utilisation rationnelle des ressources financières pour maintenir la formation en santé dans des contextes de restriction budgétaire. Bien qu’efficaces en tant que réponses adaptatives, ces stratégies sont insuffisantes pour garantir la qualité et la durabilité à long terme sans des politiques structurelles de financement public continu. Le renforcement de la gestion académique, associé à un financement adéquat, est essentiel pour assurer la formation de professionnels de santé alignés sur les besoins du SUS.Objetivo: Mapear e analisar as estratégias de uso de recursos financeiros limitados na formação em saúde em universidades públicas brasileiras, identificando práticas de gestão adotadas, seus impactos na qualidade dos processos formativos e as lacunas de conhecimento evidenciadas na literatura científica. Métodos: Revisão de escopo, realizada entre dezembro de 2025 e janeiro de 2026, conduzida conforme as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs e orientada pelo checklist PRISMA-ScR, com protocolo previamente registrado na Open Science Framework. A pergunta norteadora foi formulada a partir da estratégia PCC: P – cursos, gestores e estruturas formativas da área da saúde; C – estratégias de uso de recursos financeiros limitados na formação em saúde; C – universidades públicas brasileiras. Foram incluídos estudos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, de acesso livre, em todos os idiomas, que abordassem financiamento, alocação e racionalização de recursos na formação em saúde no ensino superior público brasileiro. Excluíram-se estudos fora desse contexto ou que não discutissem diretamente o uso de recursos financeiros. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library e Google Acadêmico, com seleção, extração e análise dos dados realizadas por dois revisores independentes. Resultados e Discussão: Foram incluídos 13 estudos, predominantemente qualitativos, analíticos e descritivos, com níveis de evidência moderados. As evidências indicam que, diante do subfinanciamento persistente, as universidades públicas brasileiras têm adotado estratégias adaptativas para sustentar a formação em saúde, como integração curricular, educação interprofissional, fortalecimento da articulação ensino-serviço na Atenção Primária à Saúde, uso de tecnologias digitais, simulação clínica de baixo custo, impressão 3D, telemonitoramento e compartilhamento de infraestrutura. Essas práticas permitem racionalizar recursos, ampliar experiências formativas e manter padrões mínimos de qualidade pedagógica, apesar das restrições orçamentárias que limitam expansão de vagas, infraestrutura e alocação docente. A gestão acadêmica emerge como eixo central, ao priorizar investimentos essenciais, reorganizar práticas pedagógicas e captar recursos externos. Contudo, a literatura converge ao afirmar que tais estratégias mitigam, mas não substituem, a necessidade de financiamento público adequado, revelando limites para a sustentabilidade de longo prazo da formação em saúde. Conclusão: As universidades públicas brasileiras têm recorrido a estratégias de uso racional de recursos financeiros para manter a formação em saúde em contextos de restrição orçamentária. Embora eficazes como respostas adaptativas, essas estratégias são insuficientes para garantir qualidade e sustentabilidade a longo prazo sem políticas estruturais de financiamento público contínuo. O fortalecimento da gestão acadêmica, aliado ao financiamento adequado, é essencial para assegurar a formação de profissionais de saúde alinhados às necessidades do SUS