Veredas do Direito (Journal)
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FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND INCLUSIVE GROWTH IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY
Full text linkOver the last decade, Nigeria has been persistently described as the world’s capital of poverty, with approximately half of its population reported to live below the poverty line according to the World Bank. This is a striking paradox given the nation’s status as the largest economy in Africa and one of the fastest-growing economies globally in recent years. The overwhelming evidence suggests that Nigeria’s economic growth has not been inclusive. This study therefore examined the moderating role of institutional quality in the relationship between financial inclusion and inclusive growth, employing time series data from 1990 to 2023. Estimated results from both the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and the Quantile Generalized Method of Moments (QGMM)—used for robust inference—reveal that financial inclusion has a statistically significant positive impact on both aggregated inclusive growth (measured via principal component analysis) and disaggregated inclusive growth (including standards of living, life expectancy at birth, and GDP growth). The study also finds that institutional quality exerts a direct cautionary effect on inclusive growth and distorts the positive impact of financial inclusion. While this appears counterintuitive, the study attributes these cautionary effects to short-term disruptions that produce long-term ripple effects. It is recommended that institutional reforms be tailored to the peculiarities of the Nigerian economy and closely monitored to mitigate potential short-run disruptions that could undermine the long-term benefits of strong institutional quality
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS\u27 EXPERIENCES IN DEVELOPING EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS WITH AI TOOLS
Full text linkThis qualitative study explored how prospective Turkish Language and Literature teachers conceptualized and experienced the design process of developing educational materials utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) technology and some of the difficulties they had encountered. Based on Kolb\u27s Experiential Learning Theory, the qualitative study employed a single cycle practice oriented intervention design that was based upon action research. The study was conducted in a University located in the Marmara Region of Turkey with students who participated in a 4 week (12 hours) training program using Vyond, Gamma, ChatGPT/Gemini and Suno for listening, reading, speaking and writing. Semi-structured interviews, participant journal entries and researcher observation data collection methods were utilized to collect the data. Content analysis was applied to analyze the data. The results indicated an evolution from abstract potential focused views of AI (i.e. time savings, access to a wealth of information), to more concrete, understanding views of AI including personalization, increased efficiency, providing diversity of materials, increasing student motivation, and supporting teacher growth. AI was primarily used for creating texts, making presentations, conducting research, and testing new uses such as music, storytelling and animation. However, many of the participants identified risks including reduced critical thinking, and complacency of students\u27 use of AI technology without teacher guidance. Therefore, it is concluded that structured participation in AI will increase digital and pedagogic literacy if supported by ethical considerations and reflective teaching practices
LEGAL DISHARMONY IN THE NEW STUDENT ADMISSION SYSTEM (DOMISILI) ON THE FULFILLMENT OF THE RIGHTS OF PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS IN THE NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
Full text linkThis study aims to find out how the Disharmonization of Education Policy on the Fulfillment of the Rights of Prospective Students in the National Education System. The research used is a type of empirical normative legal research, with a statutory approach method. The types and sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials using the technique of collecting legal materials for literature studies. The results obtained in this study are: (1) There is substantive disharmony in the form of restrictions on the right to choose schools guaranteed by law, causing legal uncertainty; (2) Policy implementation reaps complex challenges such as inequality in school capacity and unequal distribution of facilities in each school, thus potentially eroding the principle of substantive justice and creating new inequality of access
MODIFICATION OF THE NARCOTICS LAW TO REGULATE CANNABIDIOL\u27S (CBD) MEDICAL USE
Full text linkProvisions in Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics still classify all cannabis derivatives, including non-psychoactive CBD, as Class I narcotics, thereby legally hindering their use despite their medical benefits. This study aims to analyze the urgency of reformulating CBD regulations in the Narcotics Law, assess the suitability of current provisions with medical developments and international standards, and examine alternative regulatory models to ensure safe and controlled medical access. The findings of the study indicate that a revision of the Narcotics Law is necessary to completely separate CBD from the overall classification of cannabis, establish standards for monitoring medical use, prepare licensing mechanisms for production and distribution based on patient safety, and ensure legal protection for health workers and patients. This reformulation is expected to create a balance between drug control and the fulfillment of the right to health through the responsible use of CBD for therapeutic purposes.As disposições da Lei nº 35 de 2009, relativa a narcóticos, ainda classificam todos os derivados da cannabis, incluindo o CBD não psicoativo, como narcóticos do Grupo I, dificultando legalmente o seu uso, apesar dos seus benefícios medicinais. Esta pesquisa visa analisar a urgência da reformulação da regulamentação do CBD na Lei de Narcóticos, avaliar a adequação das disposições atuais aos desenvolvimentos médicos e às normas internacionais e examinar modelos regulatórios alternativos para garantir o acesso médico seguro e controlado. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que é necessária uma revisão da Lei de Narcóticos para separar completamente o CBD da classificação geral da cannabis, estabelecer padrões para o monitoramento do uso medicinal, criar mecanismos de licenciamento para produção e distribuição com base na segurança do paciente e garantir a proteção legal dos profissionais de saúde e dos pacientes. Espera-se que essa reformulação crie um equilíbrio entre o controle de drogas e o cumprimento do direito à saúde por meio do uso responsável do CBD para fins terapêutico
Regulamentação de Títulos Corporativos Azuis como Catalisador para o Desenvolvimento da Economia Azul na Indonésia
Full text linkIndonesia has substantial economic potential in the maritime sector, which includes coastal resources, biotechnology, fisheries, oil and gas, marine transportation, and marine tourism. To optimize this potential and meet the commitment to Sustainable Development Goal 14, innovative financing mechanisms are needed to balance exploration and conservation aspects. This urgency arises because the blue economy has been designated as a priority program in Indonesia’s National Medium-Term Development Plan 2025–2029. To address these legal issues, this study employs a normative legal research method with an exploratory character, utilizing statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The comparative analysis of the Philippines’ blue bond framework indicates that the unification of the IFC’s Blue Finance Guidance Framework and the ADB Green and Blue Bond Framework could serve as a model for developing corporate blue bonds to finance Indonesia’s blue economy. Through the regulation of corporate blue bonds, it is expected that this instrument will serve as a catalyst for blue economy development in Indonesia.A Indonésia possui um potencial econômico substancial no setor marítimo, que inclui recursos costeiros, biotecnologia, pesca, petróleo e gás, transporte marítimo e turismo marinho. Para otimizar esse potencial e cumprir o compromisso com o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 14, são necessários mecanismos de financiamento inovadores para equilibrar os aspectos de exploração e conservação. Essa urgência surge porque a economia azul foi designada como um programa prioritário no Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento de Médio Prazo da Indonésia 2025–2029. Para abordar essas questões jurídicas, este estudo emprega um método de pesquisa jurídica normativa com caráter exploratório, utilizando abordagens estatutárias, conceituais e comparativas. A análise comparativa do framework de títulos azuis das Filipinas indica que a unificação do Framework de Orientação de Finanças Azuis do IFC e do Framework de Títulos Verdes e Azuis do ADB poderia servir como modelo para o desenvolvimento de títulos corporativos azuis para financiar a economia azul da Indonésia. Por meio da regulamentação dos títulos corporativos azuis, espera-se que esse instrumento sirva como um catalisador para o desenvolvimento da economia azul na Indonésia
EMBODIED INDONESIAN NOVICE TEACHERS IDENTITY AS INNOVATIVE TEACHERS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON ENGLISH TEACHERS IN A FREEDOM TO LEARN PROGRAM
Full text linkThis study employed a qualitative approach with a constructivist-oriented descriptive method to explore the formation of professional identity among teachers. The research was grounded in the function of practical reason within discourse, emphasizing how teachers constructed their professional roles through experiential and contextual interactions. The findings indicated that the embodiment of professional identity was reflected in four main domains. First, in the domain of technology utilization, teachers made extensive use of digital media to support the learning process, in line with the independent curriculum’s emphasis on technology integration and content optimization. Second, in terms of teacher-student relationships, teachers focused on encouraging student participation, commitment, and ensuring students\u27 well-being. Third, in relation to the teaching role, teachers collaborated with educational institutions to develop innovative approaches in implementing the independent curriculum. Finally, in the area of classroom sensitivity, participants acknowledged the significant role of their colleagues in helping them realize and strengthen their professional identity, particularly during field teaching practice. These results highlighted the complex and dynamic nature of professional identity development in contemporary education
THE HUMAN RIGHT TO FOOD THROUGH THE LENS OF FOOD JUSTICE
Full text linkBeing fundamental social and economic rights, the right to food also accompanies the most basic elements of human decency and the fundamental rights to live, be healthy, and develop in a sustainable manner. Article 11 of the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights makes it a statute of the States Parties to ensure the availability of food that is adequate, safe, and healthy, and to take legal and institutional measures to eliminate hunger. Oman is asserted, in the Basic Law, not to recognize this right, but this can be understood by the provisions of Article 17 of Royal Decree No. (6/2021) which is a recognition of the commitment of the State to its citizens to the assured standard of living. Increased national efforts of Oman Vision 2040 arguably observe this right by focusing on food self-sufficiency and sustainable social well-being. This paper attempts to provide the legal foundation of the right to food in Omani Law and examine its compliance to the international standards. It considers a number of laws such as the Consumer Protection Law (Royal Decree No. 66/2014), the Competition Protection and Anti-Monopoly Law (Royal Decree No. 67/2014) and the Public Health Law, the Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Law, as well as the Laws on Agriculture and food Security. The research analyzes the way Omani law sustains development, intertwining food security with human rights. The conclusions drawn from the research suggest the precisely defined the right to food ought to be balanced with the goals of development through the additional focus of intergenerational food equity. The research suggests the need to incorporate contemporary devices such as AI and renewable energy to enhance the advanced food production systems
SUSTAINING PLACE IDENTITY IN CULTURAL AND CREATIVE CLUSTERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Full text linkCultural and Creative Clusters (CCCs) are increasingly recognized as arenas of urban innovation, cultural transmission, and social transformation. Yet, existing research has often underplayed the role of Place Identity (PI) in sustaining cultural continuity and supporting innovative ecosystems, thereby limiting the scope of scholarly perspectives. To address this gap, this study conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA 2020 checklist, screening 218 publications from 2021 to 2025 and selecting 23 representative articles that capture the latest advances in PI–CCC scholarship. Scientometric analysis examined publication years, geographic distribution, meth-odological approaches, regional types, and key concepts, while thematic analysis identified core research dimensions and thematic orientations. The findings reveal that PI is constituted through three interdependent dimensions, Material, Experiential, and Constructive, that are dynamically articulated in an “Anchored, Felt, and Redefined” coupling process. Comparative analysis further highlights operational mechanisms that stabilize or undermine PI, including governance strategies, heritage preservation and authenticity, accessibility and everyday practices, aesthetic–authenticity relations, image-led renewal, and sensory environments. By consolidating these insights, the study offers a reusable theoretical and methodological toolbox spanning conceptual integration, ana-lytical paradigms, and governance applications, thereby advancing a more systematic and nuanced understanding of PI in CCCs
CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE TEACHING AND LINGUISTIC AWARENESS AMONG HIGH-PERFORMING EFL TEACHERS: INTERCULTURAL INSIGHTS FROM INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS
Full text linkCulturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) is widely recognized as a framework for managing linguistic diversity, cultural identity, and equality in English-as-a-Foreign Language (EFL) settings. This study looks at how high-performing EFL teachers in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools conceptualize and implement CRT using linguistically informed English Language Teaching (ELT) approaches. Using qualitative data from in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and reflective writings, the study examines how twelve teachers incorporate cultural sensitivity, pragmatic awareness, and intercultural communication competence into their daily education. The findings reveal three key aspects of their practice: (1) linguistic-cultural scaffolding that validates students\u27 first-language resources and discourse norms; (2) pedagogical responsiveness through culturally grounded materials, identity-affirming interaction, and intercultural dialogue; and (3) teacher agency in navigating institutional constraints. These teachers view language as both a communicative system and a cultural resource, weighing grammatical precision against intercultural meaning-making. The study contends that high-performing EFL teachers serve as intercultural mediators whose linguistic awareness promotes equal participation and global readiness. Implications include incorporating CRT-linguistics ideas into teacher education, changing curricula to emphasize multilingual repertoires, and increasing institutional support for culturally and linguistically responsive pedagogy. By combining CRT, linguistics, and intercultural communication, the study presents an empirically grounded model of linguistically aware CRT for EFL settings
CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY IN THE RUSSIAN WOODEN ARCHITECTURE IN 19TH-CENTURY ALASKA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON MODERN HERITAGE PRACTICES
Full text linkThis study examines the structural, planning, and cultural features of Russian wooden architecture preserved in nineteenth-century Novo-Arkhangelsk, now the city of Sitka. The research integrates archival materials, church records, and field meas-urements to clarify the architectural and engineering characteristics of major surviving buildings and to situate them within cur-rent discussions on heritage preservation and sustainable development. The findings show that these structures were created through a hybrid Russian-Finnish construction system that combined traditional log-building techniques with European meas-urement practices. The buildings display advanced engineering solutions for their time, including multi-layered thermal insula-tion, complex roof truss systems, and reinforced foundations adapted to Alaskan climatic conditions. Beyond their technical qualities, the buildings served as instruments of cultural presence and community formation and continue to function as markers of long-term cultural sustainability. Their preservation as national historic landmarks demonstrates how historic architecture contributes to sustainable development by supporting identity continuity, responsible land use, and climate-appropriate construc-tion principles. The architectural heritage of Russian America presents a distinctive example of how traditional building methods can support both cultural and environmental sustainability in northern regions