Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College
Not a member yet
636 research outputs found
Sort by
Effect of Zinc on Serum Testosterone Level in Albino Rats
Get PDFObjective: To study the effect of zinc on serum testosterone levels in Albino rats. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics BMSI JPMC Karachi. In this study 60 albino rats were divided into four groups, 15 rats in each group. Group one was control group (normal diet was given to this group), group two was given indomethacin, group three was given zinc and group four was given combination of Zinc and indomethacin. All the drugs were given for 12 weeks. Serum testosterone level was checked at the end of study and finally data was analyzed statistically using SPSS version 18. Results: In group 2, serum testosterone level (3.12±0.63) was low as compared with control (6.26±0.15). In group 3, mean testosterone was high (6.97±0.63) when it was compared with control (6.26±0.15). In group 4, mean testosterone was low (5.15±0.73) but not significant when compared with control (6.26±0.15). Conclusion: Zinc has a protective role on testes and it increases testosterone and fertility. 
Tensile Strength of Novel Experimental Hydrophilic Vinyl Polysiloxane Impression Materials Compared to Control and Commercial VPS Impression Materials
Get PDFObjective: To measure the tensile strength of novel experimental hydrophilic (medium bodied) vinyl polysiloxane impression materials developed from ab initio in comparison to control and commercial vinyl polysiloxane impression materials. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted at the Department of Oral Growth and Development, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, UK from 1st Oct 2010 to 28th February 2014. Five novel experimental (medium bodied) VPS impression materials (Exp-I, II, III, IV and V) were developed and evaluated for their effect as crosslinking agent and surfactant on the tensile strength and percent elongation-at-break in comparison to control and three commonly used commercial (medium bodied) VPS impression materials (Aquasil Ultra Monophase, Elite HD Monophase, Extrude. These properties were evaluated using Tenius Olsen (mechanical testing machine). Results: Aquasil Ultra Monophase (Aq M) had a significantly higher Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) compared to all commercial and Experimental VPS. Although Exp-III showed the lowest UTS among all the materials but this was only significant for Aq M. On comparing Exp-I (control) with Exp-II, after adding TFDMSOS into Exp-II there was a slight, but not significant, increase in UTS. After adding the surfactant to hydrophilic Exp-III, IV and V, the UTS decreased slightly, but not significantly, compared to Exp-II. After addition of cross-linking agent (TFDMSOS) there was a significant increase in elongation-at-break of Exp-II compared to the control (Exp-I), which was further significantly increased after incorporating the surfactant (Rhodasurf CET-2) in the Exp hydrophilic VPS formulations (Exp-III, IV and V). Elongationat-break was significantly increased after incorporating the surfactant (Rhodasurf CET-2) in the Exp hydrophilic VPS formulations (Exp-III, IV and V) compared to Exp-II. Conclusion: All Exp VPS had significantly higher % elongation-at-break (more than double) than commercial VPS. Percentage elongation-at-break further increased significantly after adding Rhodasurf CET-2 (Surfactant). 
Effect of Lead Toxicity and its Correlation with Different Variables of DNA Damage
Get PDFObjective: To establish correlations of blood lead levels with DNA damage in population frequently exposed to lead in urban city.Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 60 traffic police wardens working in nine different administrative towns of Lahore. Cases were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria through stratified random sampling using proportional allocation. Total 30 healthy controls were taken from University of Health Sciences. Blood samples were drawn after informed consent. Blood lead concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectrometer and DNA damage by comet assay method. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 18. Correlation between lead level and DNA damage was studied.Results: Police wardens working in open environment had significantly higher mean values of blood lead. Mean serum lead levels in study group exposed to lead were significantly elevated as compared with control group. Their blood lead levels were correlated with different variables of DNA damage.Conclusion: As a result of industrial development, individuals exposed to lead due to their professional work, had significantly higher mean values of blood lead
Determination of Diabetes Mellitus Among Hepatitis C Virus Associated Chronic Liver Disease
Get PDFObjective: Determination of diabetes mellitus among Hepatitis C Virus associated with chronic liver disease patients. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the central laboratory, department of Chemical Pathology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, from 1stMay 2016 to 31stJanuary 2017. A total of 201 known cases of Chronic liver disease were included from medical wards of the Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. About 02 ml blood sample was collected from each individual for estimation of Fasting Blood Glucose and HbA1c. Patients were labeled as diabetic or non–diabetic according to the criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus described by American Diabetes Association 2017. Results: Out of these 201 cases, 51% (n=103) were males and 49% (n=98) were females. Mean age of all participants was 55.2 + 10.6 years. Mean fasting blood glucose level was 201.9+111.0 mg/dl. Total 24.9% patients were found nondiabetic and remaining 75.1% were declared as diabetics. Conclusion: High rate of diabetes mellitus was observed among hepatitis C virus associated chronic liver disease patients. 
Clinical and Morphological Aspects of Celiac Disease
Get PDFObjective: To assess the clinical and morphological aspects of celiac disease.Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pathology, Al Nafees Medical College & Hospital for a period of 8 months. After taking approval from Institutional review board, a written informed consent was taken from all the enrolled patients depending upon inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical data including the symptoms and signs and their severity was collected and entered on a specially designed proforma. Morphological data was collected with the help of patient’s endoscopic biopsy. Histopathological biopsies were graded according to modified Marsch grading system. For qualitative variables frequencies and percentages were calculated. Quantitative variables were measured in terms of mean and standard deviation.Results: There were 77 patients with suspicion of celiac disease whose endoscopic biopsy was done. Among these 42% were males and 58 % were females. Maximum number of patients were in the age group of 13-30 years. Among symptoms, diarrhea was present in 83.11% (n=64) patients, abdominal distention and pain was present in 53% and 63.6% patients respectively. Lesser frequent symptoms including vomiting and weight loss was significant in only 16.9% patients and constipation in 14.3% patients. According to modified Marsch grades, maximum celiac patients were graded in Marsch-3a (15.6%) and Marsch-3b (19.5%).Conclusion: Majority of patients with Celiac disease presented with typical gastrointestinal signs and symptoms in which diarrhea was the commonest complaint. The disease is more common in adults with female predominance. Majority of patients belong to the 3a and 3b type lesion of the modified Marsch grading system
Effects of Febuxostat in the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Renal Transplant Recipients
Get PDFObjective: To see the effect of febuxostat in slowing the progression that treatment with febuxostat improves eGFR in renal transplant recipients having asymptomatic hyperuricemia.Patients and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out in a Department of Nephrology PIMS. A total of 106 post renal transplants recipients having asymptomatic hyperuricemia, were randomly divided into two groups of 53 each by lottery method. One group was given febuxostat for treatment of post renal transplant hyperuricemia while the other one was given a placebo.Results: The mean age of patients was 48.15 years with a male to female ratio 4.6:1. Treatment with febuxostat was linked significantly in lowering the mean uric acid level at 7.01mg/dl, 6.32mg/dl and 5.42mg/dl at 2, 4 and 6 months, respectively, and renal function was better preserved in the patients receiving febuxostat at mean eGFR of 49.74, 48.96 & 48.89 ml/min/1.73m 2 at 2, 4 and 6 months, respectively.Conclusion: In patients with postrenal transplant asymptomatic hyperuricemia, febuxostat showed significant reduction in serum uric acid level with preservation of renal function
Port-site related Complications and their Management in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Get PDFObjective: To determine the port site complications associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried in the Department of Surgery of Liaquat University Hospital (LUH) Jamshoro for 1-year duration. About 100 symptomatic cholelithiasis patients those underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were inducted in the study. Details of patients (history, investigations, and clinical examination) were recorded in proforma at the time of admission. Postoperative and operative port site associated complications were noted.Results: The patients presented with mean age of 37.33±12.12 years. Out of total 100 cases, there were 82 females and 18 males with male to female ratio of 1:4.5. The inclusive Port site problems were noticed within 12 (12%) cases. The infection was the most common complication (6%) followed by bleeding (4%), hernia (1%) and hematoma (1%). No significant difference was found in port site complications according to age and gender; p-values are quite insignificant.Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard procedure with very lower rate of port-site complications
Case Images
No full text A 13 years old girl referred from Rawalpindi institute of Cardiology, where she was admitted with a diagnosis of pericardial effusion that was exudative and predominantly lymphocytic. Pigtail catheter was inserted for pericardiocentesis and after drainage of 1 liter she was shifted to Pulmonolgy PIMS with suspicion of tuberculous pericardial effusion and she was on ATT with steroid at that time. Cardiology team was consulted here; catheter was removed as no evidence of collection on Echocardiography. Post extubation X-Ray chest showed air shadow in mediastinum. CT scan chest was done that revealed mediastinal widening and proved this shadow to be pneumopericardium, likely traumatic keeping history in view. She had palpable cervical lymph nodes, biopsy was planned.Pneumopericardium common causes are spontaneous Pneumopericardium without underlying cause in healthy adult or trauma1. Pneumopericardium after pericardiocentesis is even rarer and has been attributed either to an air leakage to the pericardial drainage system or to a direct pleuro-pericardial communication.2-4 Latrogenic pneumopericardium requires no specific therapy most of the time but in some patients, life-threatening complications (pericardial tamponade) can occur and require urgent recognition and immediate managements.3,4 It is relatively easy to diagnose pneumopericardium by chest radiographs which shows lucent outline separating the pericardium from the heart.
Consultant Gynaecologist & Obstetrician, Salma & Kafeel Medical Centre, Islamabad
Get PDFdisease. Although many viral infections such as hepatitis B virus, Parvovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus are associated with extrahepatic autoimmune phenomena, such manifestations are rare in patients with acute hepatitis A infection. Immune thrombocytopenia is a benign, self-limiting disease in children, responding well to treatment and generally associated with viral infections. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is rarely reported as a manifestation of acute hepatitis A. We report a case of four and a half years old boy with immune thrombocytopenic purpura as a manifestation of acute hepatitis A infection which responded to Anti-D. Acute hepatitis A should be included in the differential diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Diagnostic Yield of Pleural Fluid Cytology in Malignant Pleural Effusion
Get PDFBackground: Pleural effusion is a common presenting feature of patients presenting in the pulmonology OPD. Examination of pleural fluid obtained by thoracocentesis is a simple way to diagnose pathologies of the pleura and peripheral parts of the lung. Objective: To determine the diagnostic yield of pleural fluid cytology in malignant pleural effusions keeping pleural biopsy as the gold standard. Materials and Method: This retrospective study was carried out at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from November 2010 to November 2011. Twenty six patients (65% females; 35% males) presenting with pleural effusion in whom pleural fluid cytology with concurrent pleural biopsy was carried out were included in the study. The diagnostic yield of pleural fluid was determined keeping pleural biopsy as the gold standard. Results: The age range of the patients was 23-76 years. Pleural fluid was positive for malignant cells in 15 out of 26 patients, whereas pleural biopsy yielded definite evidence of malignancy in 21 cases. In 5 cases diagnosis of atypical infiltrate was rendered and immunohistochemistry was suggested for confirmation of malignancy. The diagnostic yield of pleural fluid cytology came out to be 58%. Conclusion: Pleural fluid cytological examination followed by pleural biopsy remains the initial diagnostic procedure in management of patients with suspected malignant pleural effusion. Keyword: Pleural fluid cytology, pleural effusion, thoracocentesis, malignant pleural effusion