Jurnal Online Politeknik Negeri Lampung
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ANALISIS RESPON PENAWARAN, PERMINTAAN DAN HARGA UBI KAYU DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influenced the response of supply, demand and price of cassava in Lampung Province. The type of data used is secondary data with a time series for 15 years, from 2006 to 2019. The analytical method used is the Two-Stage Least Squares Analysis Method or TSLS with several equations used, namely cassava production or supply equation, cassava demand for cassava and tapioca industries, and farmer-level cassava prices in Lampung Province. The research found factors that significantly influenced the cassava supply response in Lampung Province were the variables of harvested area and cassava productivity, the factors that significantly influenced the cassava demand response for the cassava industry were cassava price growth variables, loan interest rate variables, and the amount of cassava demand for the cassava industry in the previous year, while the factors that significantly influenced the cassava demand response for the tapioca industry were the variable tapioca price ratio at the tapioca industry level, factory labor wages, the price based on diesel fuel, technology, loan interest rates, and the amount of cassava demand at the tapioca industry level in the previous year, the factors that influence the response of cassava prices at the farmer level were the supply and demand for cassava.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi respon penawaran, permintaan, dan harga ubi kayu di Provinis Lampung, dan meramalkannya selama 5 tahun ke depan. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan deret waktu (time series) selama 15 tahun yaitu dari tahun 2006 sampai tahun 2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah TSLS (Two Stages Least Square) dengan beberapa persamaan yang digunakan yaitu persaamaan produksi atau penawaran ubi kayu, permintaan ubi kayu untuk industri gaplek dan tapioka, dan harga ubi kayu tingkat petani di Provinsi Lampung. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi respon penawaran ubi kayu di Provinsi Lampung adalah variabel luas area panen dan produktivitas ubi kayu, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi respon permintaan ubi kayu untuk industri gaplek adalah variabel pertumbuhan harga ubi kayu tingkat industri gaplek, variabel tingkat suku bunga pinjaman, dan jumlah permintaan ubi kayu untuk industri gaplek pada tahun sebelumnya, sedangkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi respon permintaaan ubi kayu untuk industri tapioka adalah variabel rasio harga tapioka tingkat industri tapioka, upah buruh pabrik, harga dasar solar, teknologi, tingkat suku bunga pinjaman, dan jumlah permintaan ubi kayu tingkat industri tapioka tahun sebelumnya,faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi respon harga ubi kayu tingkat petani adalah jumlah penawaran dan permintaan ubi kayu
Efektivitas Herbisida Parakuat Diklorida dalam Mengendalikan Gulma Perkebunan Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis)
Get PDFThe presence of weeds in rubber plantations causes a decrease in productivity so it needs to be controlled. An effective and efficient method on a broad scale in terms of cost and time to control weeds is the chemical method using herbicides. One of the active ingredients of herbicides that can control rubber plantation weeds is paraquat dichloride. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective dose of paraquat dichloride in controlling rubber plantation weeds. This study used a randomized group design (RAK) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of herbicide application of paraquat dichloride at a dose of 310.5 g ha-1 (P1); 414 g ha-1 (P2); 496.8 g ha-1 (P3); 621 g ha-1 (P4), mechanical (P5), and control (P6). The results showed that: (1) paracuat dichloride herbicide at a dose of 310.5-621 g ha-1 effectively controlled total weeds and weeds per class; (2) paracuat dichloride herbicide at a dose of 310.5-621 g ha-1 resulted in changes in weed composition at 4-12 MSA; (3) application of paracuat dichloride herbicide at a dose of 310.5-621 g ha-1 did not cause poisoning in rubber plants.Keberadaan gulma pada perkebunan karet menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas sehingga perlu dikendalikan. Metode yang efektif dan efisien dalam skala luas dari segi biaya dan waktu untuk mengendalikan gulma yaitu metode kimiawi menggunakan herbisida. Salah satu bahan aktif herbisida yang dapat mengendalikan gulma perkebunan karet yaitu parakuat diklorida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan dosis efektif dari parakuat diklorida dalam mengendalikan gulma perkebunan karet. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari aplikasi herbisida parakuat diklorida dengan dosis 310,5 g ha-1 (P1); 414 g ha-1 (P2); 496,8 g ha-1 (P3); 621 g ha-1 (P4), penyiangan mekanis (P5), dan kontrol (P6). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) herbisida parakuat diklorida dosis 310,5–621 g ha-1 efektif mengendalikan gulma total dan gulma per golongan; (2) herbisida parakuat diklorida dosis 310,5–621 g ha-1 mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan komposisi gulma pada 4–12 MSA; (3) aplikasi herbisida parakuat diklorida dosis 310,5–621 g ha-1 tidak menyebabkan keracunan pada tanaman karet
Tingkat Serangan Hama dan Penyakit pada Tanaman Hortikultura di Kabupaten Bangka, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung
Get PDFPestisida adalah zat khusus untuk memberantas, mencegah atau membasmi gangguan serangga, binatang pengerat, nematoda, cendawan, gulma, virus, bakteri, jasad renik yang dianggap hama yang merugikan. Penggunaan pestisida yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan resistensi hama, resurjensi hama, munculnya hama sekunder, dan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi penggunaan pestisida oleh petani dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit pada pertanaman hortikultura di Kabupaten Bangka, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan wawancara dan hasil observasi pada lahan pertanaman petani hortikultura. Hasil yang didapatkan dari wawancara dan observasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa petani masih banyak menggunakan pestisida sintetik dengan tidak bijak dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit tanaman yang dibudidayakan. Dalam penggunaan pestisida, petani masih mengandalkan pengalaman pribadinya dibandingkan dengan ilmu pengetahuan. Rata-rata petani belum memahami penggunaan pestisida yang baik dan benar sehingga tidak mengerti mengenai ambang ekonomi dalam menggunakan pestisida. Kesimpulannya, petani masih beranggapan bahwa semakin banyak jenis pestisida yang digunakan, maka semakin cepat untuk mengendalikan hama dan penyakit tanaman. Dengan demikian, perlu adanya penyuluhan tentang penggunaan pestisida pada petani, sehingga petani dapat memahami cara penggunaan pestisida dengan bijak untuk kedepannya. Spesies hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman hortikultura yaitu, 13 spesies hama dan 11 spesies penyakit.Pesticides are chemical ingredient used to eradicate and prevent disturbances of insects, rodents, nematodes, fungi, weeds, viruses, bacteria, and micro-organisms which are considered as harmful pests. Excessive use of pesticides can cause pest resistance, pest resurgence, emergence of secondary pests, and environmental pollution. This research aims to evaluate the use of pesticides by farmers in controlling pests and plant diseases of horticultural crops in Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This research was conducted using interview method followed by direct observations in the interviewed farmers’ fields. The results obtained from interviews and observations indicated that farmers still use synthetic pesticides unwisely in controlling pests and plant diseases of cultivated plants. Farmers still rely on their personal experience of using pesticides rather than science. Most of farmers did not understand the use of pesticides properly and correctly, so they do not understand the economic threshold for using pesticides. In conclusion, farmers still think that the more types of pesticides used, the faster the control of pests and diseases show good results. Thus, it is necessary to give extension to farmers about the use of pesticides, so that farmers can understand how to use pesticides wisely and precisely in the future. Pest and disease species that attack horticultural crops are 13 pest species and 11 disease species
The Effect of Online Learning on Student’s Academic Achievement for Accounting Subject
Get PDFTeaching and learning activities (TLA) for accounting courses were originally held offline, guided and accompanied by lecturers. Online TLA which suddenly had to be held due to the Covid-19 pandemic did leave doubts and questions regarding the achievement of student competencies. If theoretical lectures are considered 100% optimal, then this is not the case for practical activities. This activity is considered not optimal in its implementation online, although maximum efforts in providing practical materials in the form of modules and guides via video, coupled with meetings via zoom or other online meeting media have been taken as a form of learning method that is similar as possible to offline learning. This study aims to see if there is any effect of online learning method (synchronous and asynchronous) on student’s competency in accounting. The experimental results show that there is a difference between the students' pretest and posttest scores. It means that both synchronous and asynchronous learning methods have an impact on students’ competencies. Furthermore, the experimental results prove that there are differences in competencies between students who receive asynchronous and synchronous learning. Better performance were obtained by synchronous one
Kinerja Usahatani dan Rantai Pasok Kelapa Sawit Rakyat Pola Mandiri Di Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Provinsi Lampung
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Achieving the economic efficiency of the oil palm business is largely determined by the scale of the cultivation of the oil palm farms. This study aimed to analyze the performance of smallholder palm oil farming and its supply chains. This research used survey method. The research location was at the community oil palm plantation center in Tulang Bawang Regency, in Penawartama District and Gedung Aji Baru. The sample of oil palm farmers amounted to 74 respondents of farmers and the trader agents who involved in the supply chain. Analysis of farm performance used indicators of productivity, prices, farm cost efficiency, and income. Business scale can be divided into three classifications, as high, medium, and low business scale. Analysis of different tests of productivity, income and business scale using Least Squares Differences (LSD). Supply chains analysis used the S-C-P (Structure, Conduct, and Performance) model analysis. The results showed that the performance of independent smallholders of oil palm farming differed in their level of productivity and income on the scale of farming land, between small, medium and large landholders. The optimum of oil palm land makes a very significant difference in the level of palm oil farmers’ income received by smallholders on a large scale of land. While not significantly different between the scale of a narrow and medium scale. Oil palm fruit bunches (fresh fruit bunches FFB) supply chains involve marketing institutions namely lapak and agents as an extension of the palm oil mill. The flow of the independent farmer in FFB trading system involved many intermediaries as a market institution, that is, from the farmer-stall agent-the company raises the risk of low prices at the farm level. The assessment of FFB marketing performance illustrates the condition of price uncertainty with a reflection of the high FFB price range at the farm level. This puts the marketing performance of FFB not in favor of independent oil palm farmers.Pencapaian efisiensi ekonomi usaha kelapa sawit sangat ditentukan oleh skala pengusahaan lahan usahatani sawitnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kinerja usahatani dan rantai pasok TBS petani sawit pada pola mandiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Lokasi penelitian di sentra perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat di Kabupaten Tulang Bawang, di Kecamatan Penawartama dan Gedung Aji Baru. Sampel petani sawit berjumlah 74 responden petani pola mandiri dan agen pedagang TBS yang terlibat dalam rantai pasok TBS. Analisis data kinerja usahatani ini menggunakan indikator produktivitas, harga, efisiensi biaya usahatani, dan pendapatan. Skala usaha dibedakan menjadi tiga klasifikasi yaitu skala usaha tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Analisis uji beda produktivitas, pendapatan dan skala usaha menggunakan Least Squares Differences (LSD). Rantai pasok menggunakan analisis model S-C-P (Structure, Conduct, dan Performance). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja usahatani sawit petani mandiri berbeda tingkat produktivitas dan pendapatannya pada skala pengusahaan lahan usahatani, antara petani berlahan sempit, sedang, dan luas. Pengusahaan lahan sawit menghasilkan perbedaan sangat nyata pada tingkat pendapatan sawit yang diterima petani pola mandiri pada skala usaha luas. Sementara tidak berbeda nyata di antara skala usaha sempit dan luas. Rantai pasok TBS (tandan buah segar) sawit melibatkan lembaga pemasaran yakni lapak dan agen sebagai perpanjangan lembaga pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS). Alur tataniaga TBS petani mandiri melibatkan banyak pihak perantara sebagai lembaga pasar, yakni dari petani- agen- lapak –perusahaan menimbulkan risiko harga yang rendah di tingkat petani. Penilaian kinerja pemasaran TBS menggambarkan kondisi ketidakpastian harga dengan cerminan tingginya rentang harga TBS di tingkat petani. Hal ini menempatkan kinerja pemasaran TBS belum berpihak kepada petani sawit mandiri
ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHATANI MAWAR DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the factors that influenced the production of roses and the level of technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies of rose farming in Central Java along with the factors that influenced them. This study employed Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and dual cost reduction methods. The findings of this study indicate that only three variables had a significant effect on rose production in Central Java, namely land area, number of plants, and chemical fertilizers. Furthermore, in terms of the level of efficiency, rose farming in Central Java had been said to be technically efficient but had not been considered to be efficient in terms of its allocation and economic factors with an average score of technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies of 0.82, 0.33, and 0.28. Socio-economic factors that significantly affected technical inefficiency were the source of seeds, business assistance, and partnership. Meanwhile, the variables that had a significant effect on allocative inefficiency and economic inefficiency were the proportion of self-financing sources, farmers group membership, and partnerships.
Keywords: dual cost, efficiency, stochastic frontier, rose farmingPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi mawar dan tingkat efisiensi teknis, alokatif, dan ekonomi usahatani mawar di Jawa Tengah beserta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) serta penurunan biaya dual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hanya tiga variabel yang berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap produksi mawar di Jawa Tengah, yaitu adalah luas lahan, jumlah tanaman, dan pupuk kimia. Selain itu, ditinjau dari tingkat efisiensinya, usahatani mawar di Jawa Tengah sudah dikatakan efisien secara teknis namun belum dikatakan efisien secara alokatif dan ekonomi dengan nilai rata-rata efisiensi teknis, alokatif dan ekonomi masing-masing sebesar 0,82; 0,33; dan 0,28. Faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap inefisiensi teknis adalah sumber bibit, bantuan usaha, dan kemitraan. Sedangkan untuk variabel-variabel yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap inefisiensi alokatif dan ekonomi adalah proporsi sumber pembiayaan sendiri, keanggotaan kelompok tani, dan kemitraan.
Kata kunci : biaya dual, efisiensi, stochastic frontier, usahatani mawa
Upaya Menekan Kehilangan Hasil Produksi Kelapa Sawit pada Daerah Bukit Bergunung dan Daerah Datar Bergelombang
Get PDFOil palm is a plant that produces vegetable oil and is cultivated in various terrain, including undulating flats and mountainous hills. The aim of this study was to identify the factors causing losses in these areas and to investigate ways to reduce the production and income effects of these losses. The research was conducted at the Palm Oil Plantation of PT. Supra Matra Abadi in North Sumatra Province, using a quantitative research method. Samples were taken from blocks A, B (planted in 1988) and C, D (planted in 2016). The parameters observed included the number of losses in the circle, path, and collection point of FFB, areas, plant age, and the suitability and completeness of equipment. Treatments included spraying on circles, paths, and collection points of FFB, as well as the placement of employees based on their experience level and the provision of tools. Data analysis was conducted using the t-test to compare results before and after treatment. The study found that the highest losses occurred in mountainous hill areas, with an average of 2.394 kg.ha-1, while the lowest losses occurred in undulating flat areas, with an average of 1.420 kg.ha-1. The results also showed that losses decreased by 28.17% or 0.678 kg.ha-1 in mountainous hill areas and by 36.93% or 0.522 kg.ha-1 in undulating flat areas after treatment. The economic value of losses was IDR 2,271.30 per ha in mountainous hill areas and IDR 1,748.70 per ha in undulating flat areas. Therefore, this study concludes that the spray treatment of circles, paths, collection point of FFB, placement of employees based on their experience level, and provision of equipment significantly reduced losses in undulating flat areas and mountainous hills.Oil palm is a plant that produces vegetable oil and is cultivated in various terrain, including undulating flats and mountainous hills. The aim of this study was to identify the factors causing losses in these areas and to investigate ways to reduce the production and income effects of these losses. The research was conducted at the Palm Oil Plantation of PT. Supra Matra Abadi in North Sumatra Province, using a quantitative research method. Samples were taken from blocks A, B (planted in 1988) and C, D (planted in 2016). The parameters observed included the number of losses in the circle, path, and collection point of FFB, areas, plant age, and the suitability and completeness of equipment. Treatments included spraying on circles, paths, and collection points of FFB, as well as the placement of employees based on their experience level and the provision of tools. Data analysis was conducted using the t-test to compare results before and after treatment. The study found that the highest losses occurred in mountainous hill areas, with an average of 2.394 kg.ha-1, while the lowest losses occurred in undulating flat areas, with an average of 1.420 kg.ha-1. The results also showed that losses decreased by 28.17% or 0.678 kg.ha-1 in mountainous hill areas and by 36.93% or 0.522 kg.ha-1 in undulating flat areas after treatment. The economic value of losses was IDR 2,271.30 per ha in mountainous hill areas and IDR 1,748.70 per ha in undulating flat areas. Therefore, this study concludes that the spray treatment of circles, paths, collection point of FFB, placement of employees based on their experience level, and provision of equipment significantly reduced losses in undulating flat areas and mountainous hills
Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Alokasi Khusus terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia pada Kabupaten dan Kota di Provinsi Lampung tahun 2016-2019
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the effect of local revenue and special allocation funds on the human development index. This study uses a non-probability sampling technique, namely saturated samples. The population used in this study were 15 districts and cities in Lampung Province. This study uses secondary data from www.bps.go.id. Data analysis used descriptive analysis test, classical assumption test, multiple linear analysis test, coefficient of determination test, and t test (partial) with the test tool used was SPSS.V.25.0. The results of this study indicate that Local Revenue has an effect on the Human Development Index while for the variable Special Allocation Funds have no effect on the Human Development Index