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Adherence to Three Mediterranean Dietary Indexes and All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality in an Older Mediterranean Population
Full text linkBackground/Objectives: A higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has
been associated with a lower risk of death in different populations, but this association has
been insufficiently investigated in the elderly Spanish population. In this study, we assess
the association between adherence to three MedDiet indexes and all-cause, cardiovascular
disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in a population aged 65 years and older in Spain.
Methods: The population included 903 participants from two population-based surveys.
Diet was assessed at baseline by using validated food-frequency questionnaires (FFQ). We
calculated scores of adherence to the MedDiet for three indexes: alternate Mediterranean
Diet Score (aMED), relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED) and 17-item energy-restricted
Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (erMEDAS). Deaths were ascertained through
the National Death Index of Spain and the Mortality Registry in the Valencian Region
during a 12 year follow-up period. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard
ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), adjusting for relevant confounders.
Results: During the 12 years of follow-up, 403 deaths occurred: 160 due to CVD and
90 to cancer. Compared to participants in the lowest tertile of adherence to aMED,
those in the highest tertile showed a 30% lower risk of all-cause mortality, HR = 0.70
(95% CI 0.51–0.96). In addition, per two-point increase in aMED, we observed a 17% lower
risk of all-cause mortality, HR = 0.83 (95% CI 0.73–0.95), and a 21% lower risk of CVD
mortality, HR = 0.79 (95% CI 0.64–0.99). A 9% lower risk of all-cause mortality was also
observed per two-point increase in the rMED score, HR = 0.91 (95% CI 0.84–0.99). Compared
to participants in the lowest tertile of adherence to rMED, those in the highest tertile
showed evidence of a marginally significant, lower risk of cancer mortality, HR = 0.55
(95% CI 0.29–1.04). No association was observed between the erMEDAS index and mortality
for any cause. Conclusions: High adherence to the MedDiet, as measured by aMED
and rMED indexes, was associated with lower all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality in an
older Mediterranean population after 12 years of follow-up
Propuesta de protocolo de prevención de riesgos laborales en endoscopia digestiva
Full text linkIntroducción: la práctica de la endoscopia digestiva implica una exposición continuada a
riesgos biológicos, químicos, físicos, ergonómicos y psicosociales, que requieren una evaluación y gestión específicas para proteger la salud de los profesionales. Objetivo: analizar los principales riesgos laborales presentes en las unidades de endoscopia digestiva y desarrollar una propuesta de protocolo de prevención adaptado a sus particularidades. Metodología: se ha realizado una revisión normativa y técnica exhaustiva, basada en la
legislación española vigente, en documentos técnicos del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (INSST) y en las recomendaciones más recientes de las sociedades de
endoscopia digestiva a nivel europeo y español. La evaluación de los riesgos biológicos, químicos, físicos, ergonómicos y psicosociales se ha estructurado de forma sistemática, incluyendo tanto la descripción de los riesgos como las estrategias de prevención recomendadas. Resultado: el análisis realizado pone de manifiesto la ausencia de protocolos específicos de prevención publicados por la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva (SEED) y la limitada cobertura actual de la ESGE en esta materia, restringida a recomendaciones parciales en ergonomía y riesgos psicosociales. Esta situación subraya la necesidad de
desarrollar guías prácticas específicas para las unidades de endoscopia digestiva. Con la información recabada, se presenta un protocolo de prevención de riesgos laborales adaptado a la actividad endoscópica, estructurado en torno a medidas específicas para cada tipo de riesgo identificado. Conclusión: la consolidación de una cultura preventiva sólida, apoyada en protocolos específicos y actualizados, resulta esencial para proteger la salud de los profesionales de endoscopia digestiva y mejorar la calidad asistencial.Introduction: the practice of digestive endoscopy involves continuous exposure to biological, chemical, physical, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards, which require specific assessment and management to safeguard the health of professionals. Objective: to analyze the main occupational hazards present in digestive endoscopy units and to develop a preventive protocol adapted to their specific characteristics. Methods: an exhaustive regulatory and technical review was conducted, based on current Spanish legislation, technical documents from the Spanish National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (INSST), and the most recent recommendations from European and Spanish digestive endoscopy societies. The evaluation of biological, chemical, physical, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks was structured systematically, including both risk descriptions and recommended prevention strategies. Results: the analysis reveals the absence of specific prevention protocols published by the Spanish Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SEED) and the limited coverage currently provided by ESGE, which is restricted to partial recommendations on ergonomics and psychosocial
risks. This highlights the need to develop practical, specific guidelines for digestive endoscopy units. Based on the gathered information, a tailored occupational risk prevention protocol for endoscopic activity is proposed, structured around specific measures for each identified hazard. Conclusion: the establishment of a strong preventive culture, supported by specific and upto- date protocols, is essential to protect the health of digestive endoscopy professionals and
to enhance the quality of care
Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL in Diabetes: Contributions to Endocrine Pancreas Viability and Function
Full text linkDiabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence increases every year, affecting more than 530 million adults worldwide. Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), the most common forms of diabetes, are characterized by the loss of functional pancreatic β-cells, mostly due to apoptosis. B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), two anti-apoptotic proteins belonging to the Bcl-2 family, are crucial for regulating the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. However, over the years, they have been implicated in many other cellular processes, including intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Thus, understanding the biological processes in which these proteins are involved may be crucial to designing new therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the roles of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL in apoptosis and metabolic homeostasis. It focuses on how the dysregulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL affects pancreatic β-cell function and survival, and the consequences for diabetes development
Producción de "Entre la raíz y el destino: una historia de trabajadores andaluces".
Full text linkEl presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado consiste en una pieza audiovisual documental que recoge y resignifica el fenómeno del éxodo rural andaluz ocurrido entre las décadas de 1950 y 1980. A través de tres entrevistas a personas vinculadas con el municipio de Aldeire (Granada) y mediante una cuidada selección de archivos audiovisuales históricos, se reconstruyen vivencias, emociones y consecuencias colectivas de una migración masiva que transformó la demografía y cultura española. El proyecto no solo aporta valor testimonial, sino que propone una aproximación estética y crítica al recuerdo de quienes partieron, desde la voz, el rostro y el sentimiento. La memoria oral y el uso de la historia desde abajo son los ejes metodológicos sobre los que se apoya esta propuesta, donde el relato audiovisual se convierte en herramienta de dignificación, de conexión intergeneracional y de análisis social. This Final Degree Project consists of an audiovisual documentary that collects and reinterprets the Andalusian rural exodus that took place between the 1950s and 1980s. Through three interviews with people linked to the town of Aldeire (Granada) and a careful selection of historical audiovisual archives, this work reconstructs experiences, emotions and collective consequences of a massive migration that reshaped Spanish demography and culture. The project provides testimonial value while offering a critical and aesthetic approach to memory, emphasizing voice, face, and feeling. Oral memory and history from below serve as methodological pillars in a proposal that uses the documentary narrative as a tool for dignity, intergenerational connection and social analysis
Análisis de factores clínicos y metabólicos relacionados con el desarrollo de osteoporosis en la enfermedad renal crónica avanzada.
Full text linkLa enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) se asocia con una alta prevalencia de alteraciones del metabolismo
óseo-mineral (MOM), osteoporosis (OP) y calcificación vascular, condiciones que aumentan
significativamente el riesgo de fracturas y eventos cardiovasculares. A pesar de ello, una parte
importante de estos pacientes permanece sin tratamiento específico, especialmente en los estadios
avanzados de la enfermedad. Este estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal y prospectivo se
realizó en pacientes adultos en tratamiento con hemodiálisis (HD) o diálisis peritoneal (DP) en el
Hospital General Universitario de Elche, con el objetivo de evaluar la prevalencia de OP y alteraciones
del MOM, correlacionarlas con el riesgo de fractura y calcificación vascular, y explorar la influencia de
factores como la inflamación crónica, desnutrición y tratamientos específicos. Se incluyeron 50
pacientes (32 HD, 18 DP). Los resultados mostraron una mayor prevalencia de OP (68,7%) y
calcificación vascular (70%) en el grupo HD frente al grupo DP (16,6% y 22,2%, respectivamente). Se
evidenció una correlación significativa entre la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y variables como la PTH,
fosfatasa alcalina, estado nutricional e índice FRAX. Asimismo, la puntuación de calcificación vascular
(Kauppila) se asoció con edad, tiempo de enfermedad, inflamación y desnutrición. Algunos
tratamientos, como el Paricalcitol y la Darbepoetina, se relacionaron con menores grados de
calcificación. Estos hallazgos destacan la necesidad de una valoración integral y multidisciplinar en
pacientes con ERC avanzada, con el fin de prevenir complicaciones óseas y cardiovasculares que
impactan en su morbimortalidad.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a high prevalence of bone mineral metabolism
(BMM) disorders, osteoporosis (OP) and vascular calcification, conditions that significantly increase
the risk of fractures and cardiovascular events. Despite this, a significant proportion of these patients
remain untreated, particularly in the advanced stages of the disease. This descriptive, observational,
cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out in adult patients on haemodialysis (HD) or
peritoneal dialysis (PD) at the Hospital General Universitario de Elche, with the aim of evaluating the
prevalence of OP and BMM changes, correlating them with the risk of fracture and vascular
calcification, and studying the influence of factors such as chronic inflammation, malnutrition and
specific treatments. Fifty patients were included (32 HD, 18 PD). The results showed a higher
prevalence of OP (68.7%) and vascular calcification (70%) in the HD group than in the PD group
(16.6% and 22.2%, respectively). There was a significant correlation between bone mineral density
(BMD) and variables such as PTH, alkaline phosphatase, nutritional status and FRAX index. Vascular
calcification score (Kauppila) was also associated with age, disease duration, inflammation and
malnutrition. Some treatments, such as paricalcitol and darbepoetin, were associated with lower
calcification scores. These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive and multidisciplinary
assessment of patients with advanced CKD to prevent bone and cardiovascular complications that
affect morbidity and mortality
Bienestar personal de los jugadores y jugadoras de Esports
Full text linkEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática sobre cómo puede impactar ser jugador profesional de Esports en el bienestar personal. La industria de los Esports ha crecido considerablemente en los últimos años, lo que ha planteado desafíos psicológicos, físicos y emocionales. Debido al ritmo competitivo, los jugadores enfrentan factores que pueden influir negativamente en su salud mental y rendimiento, como el estrés competitivo, los trastornos del sueño, la ansiedad, la presión social y la percepción ambigua de los Esports.
Se analizaron 10 estudios publicados entre 2020 y 2024, siguiendo los estándares de la declaración PRISMA 2020. La búsqueda se realizó en bases como Web of Science y Scopus, usando palabras clave relacionadas con Esports y bienestar personal. Todos los estudios incluidos están en inglés y se enfocan en jugadores profesionales. Se excluyeron investigaciones sobre gambling, jugadores amateurs, semiprofesionales, universitarios y deportes tradicionales.
Los resultados muestran altos niveles de estrés y ansiedad debido a la presión competitiva y mediática. También se identificaron problemas de alimentación, inactividad física y trastornos del sueño, afectando el bienestar general. Se resalta la necesidad de estrategias de afrontamiento y redes de apoyo para promover un entorno saludable en los Esports.
En conclusión, se destaca la importancia de desarrollar intervenciones específicas, programas de prevención y apoyo psicológico, así como un enfoque interdisciplinar que mejore la calidad de vida de los jugadores.This paper aims to conduct a systematic review on how being a professional Esports player can impact personal well-being. The Esports industry has grown significantly in recent years, bringing psychological, physical, and emotional challenges. Due to the pace of competition, players face factors that may negatively affect their mental health and performance, such as competitive stress, sleep disorders, anxiety, social pressure, and the ambiguous perception of Esports.
Ten studies published between 2020 and 2024 were analyzed, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search was conducted in databases like Web of Science and Scopus, using keywords related to Esports and personal well-being. All included studies were in English and focused on professional players. Studies on gambling, amateur, semi-professional, university players, and traditional sports were excluded.
The findings show high levels of stress and anxiety due to competitive and media pressure. Issues related to eating habits, lack of physical activity, and sleep disorders were also identified, affecting overall well-being. The need for effective coping strategies and support networks to promote a healthier environment in Esports is highlighted.
In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of developing specific interventions, prevention programs, and psychological support, along with an interdisciplinary approach to improve the quality of life of players
N-Dimensional Reduction Algorithm for Learning from Demonstration Path Planning
Full text linkThis paper presents an n-dimensional reduction algorithm for Learning from
Demonstration (LfD) for robotic path planning, addressing the complexity of highdimensional
data. The method extends the Douglas–Peucker algorithm by incorporating
velocity and orientation alongside position, enabling more precise trajectory simplification.
A magnitude-based normalization process preserves proportional relationships across
dimensions, and the reduced dataset is used to train Hidden Markov Models (HMMs),
where continuous trajectories are discretized into identifier sequences. The algorithm is
evaluated in 2D and 3D environments with datasets combining position and velocity. The
results show that incorporating additional dimensions significantly enhances trajectory
simplification while preserving key information. Additionally, the study highlights the importance
of selecting appropriate encoding parameters to achieve optimal resolution. The
HMM-based models generated new trajectories that retained the patterns of the original
demonstrations, demonstrating the algorithm’s capacity to generalize learned behaviors
for trajectory learning in high-dimensional spaces
Producción de cinco ilustraciones animadas para el EP musical Luces de medianoche, “El visualizer”
Full text linkEn la era digital, la música no solo se consume de forma auditiva, sino también visualmente. Los visualizers y los videoclips son dos formatos clave que complementan la experiencia musical pero con propósitos y ejecuciones diferentes. Mientras que los videoclips han sido históricamente la herramienta audiovisual principal de promoción artística, los visualizers han ganado relevancia estos años gracias a plataformas como YouTube, Spotify y Apple Music.
Este estudio busca analizar las diferencias entre ambos formatos, su impacto en la industria y cómo influyen en la percepción del público, proporcionando una visión actualizada de su uso en el apartado estético de los proyectos.
Además, se desarrollará una serie de visualizers con carácter profesional para poner en práctica todo lo aprendido en la investigación.In the digital age, music is no longer consumed solely through sound, but also visually. Visualizers and music videos are two key formats that complement the musical experience, each with different purposes and executions. While music videos have historically served as the main audiovisual tool for artistic promotion, visualizers have gained relevance in recent years thanks to platforms such as YouTube, Spotify, and Apple Music.
This study aims to analyze the differences between both formats, their impact on the industry, and how they influence audience perception, offering an updated view of their role in the aesthetic dimension of musical projects. In addition, a series of professionally crafted visualizers will be developed to put into practice all the knowledge acquired during the research
Anomalías congénitas en la cirugía pediátrica neonatal
Full text linkIntroducción. Las anomalías congénitas son alteraciones estructurales o funcionales que
ocurren durante la vida intrauterina y pueden detectarse en distintas etapas del desarrollo.
Representan un problema relevante de salud pues afectan al 3% de los nacimientos a nivel
mundial y son una causa importante de mortalidad y morbilidad infantil. La cirugía neonatal
ha demostrado ser efectiva para reducir la mortalidad y mejorar la calidad de vida asociadas
a las anomalías congénitas estructurales, especialmente cuando no existen medidas
preventivas. Por todo ello, el objetivo del presente proyecto es conocer la incidencia y
características de los diferentes tipos de anomalías congénitas no cardiacas intervenidas en
el periodo neonatal en un hospital de nivel III.
Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo, basado en el análisis de historias clínicas
electrónicas de recién nacidos con malformaciones congénitas intervenidas quirúrgicamente
durante el periodo neonatal, entre enero de 2021 y diciembre de 2023 , ingresados en la
Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) del HGUA Dr.Balmis. Se recopilaron
datos demográficos, maternos, perinatales y clínicos, así como detalles de las
intervenciones quirúrgicas, evolución hospitalaria y situación al alta. El análisis de datos se
realizó con el programa SPSS, utilizando medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para
variables continuas y frecuencias para las categóricas.
Resultados. Se incluyeron 40 recién nacidos que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el
periodo neonatal. El 62,5% fueron varones, con una media de edad gestacional de 37,1
semanas (DE +/- 2,75). La media de edad materna fue 31,3 años (DE +/-6,878), destacando
una menor edad en el grupo de gastrosquisis (media 23 años). El 47,5% de las
malformaciones se diagnosticaron prenatalmente. El antecedente de polihidramnios estuvo presente en el 17,5% de los casos. El diagnóstico postnatal se realizó en la mayoría de los
casos en las primeras 24 horas de vida. Las malformaciones más frecuentes fueron las
gastrointestinales (65%). La mediana de edad en la primera cirugía fue de 36 horas. Se
realizó cirugía reparadora en el 85% de los casos, y precisaron reintervenciones en un
22,5%, con una tasa total de resolución anatómica o funcional del 87,5% . La complicación
más frecuente fue la sepsis nosocomial en un 25% de los pacientes. La supervivencia
global del estudio fue del 92,5%.
Conclusiones. En línea con otros estudios, las malformaciones más frecuentemente
intervenidas en periodo neonatal en el HGUA fueron las gastrointestinales, destacando la
atresia esofágica (AE). La mayoría de los pacientes fueron varones nacidos a término. El
diagnóstico prenatal sólo se logró en el 47,5%. El 85% recibió cirugía reparadora y un
22,5% requirió reintervención. Al alta, la supervivencia fue del 92,5% y el 87,5% presentó
resolución funcional.Introduction. Congenital anomalies are structural or functional abnormalities that occur
during intrauterine life and can be detected at different stages of development. They
represent a significant public health issue, affecting 3% of births worldwide, they are an
important cause of infant mortality and morbidity. Neonatal surgery has proven effective in
reducing mortality and improving quality of life associated with structural congenital
anomalies, especially when preventive measures are lacking. For this reason, the objective
of this project is to determine the incidence and characteristics of different types of
non-cardiac congenital anomalies treated surgically during the neonatal period at a level III
hospital.
Methods. This is a retrospective observational study based on the analysis of electronic
medical records of newborns with congenital malformations who underwent surgery during
the neonatal period, between January 2021 and December 2023, and were admitted to the
NICU of Dr. Balmis General University Hospital (HGUA). Demographic, maternal, perinatal,
and clinical data were collected, as well as details of surgical interventions, hospital course,
and discharge status. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, with central
tendency and dispersion measures used for continuous variables, and frequencies for
categorical variables.
Results. A total of 40 newborns who underwent surgery during the neonatal period were
included. Of these, 62.5% were male, with a mean gestational age of 37.19 weeks (SD ±
2.75). The mean maternal age was 31.3 years (SD ± 6.878), with a lower age noted in the
gastroschisis group (mean 23 years). Prenatal diagnosis was made in 47.5% of cases. A
history of polyhydramnios was present in 17.5% of cases. Postnatal diagnosis was made in
most cases within the first 24 hours of life. The most frequent anomalies were
gastrointestinal (65%). The median age at first surgery was 36 hours. Reparative surgery
was performed in 85% of cases, with 22.5% requiring reoperations, and a total anatomical or functional resolution rate of 87.5%. The most common complication was nosocomial sepsis,
occurring in 25% of patients. The overall survival rate was 92.5%.
Conclusions. Consistent with other studies, the most frequently operated congenital
anomalies during the neonatal period at HGUA were gastrointestinal, particularly esophageal
atresia. Most patients were term male newborns. Prenatal diagnosis was achieved in only
47.5% of cases. Reparative surgery was performed in 85%, and 22.5% required
reintervention.At discharge, the survival rate was 92.5%, and 87.5% had achieved functional
resolution
Relationship between burnout, job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing in Spanish Civil Guard
Full text linkThis study examines burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy), job satisfaction, and psychological wellbeing in Spanish Civil Guard officers, analysing their interrelationships and predictive effects. A total of 604 active-duty officers (90.2% male, mean age = 43.3 years) participated, completing online versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and the Overall Job Satisfaction Scale. Results showed that 22.4% exhibited a burnout profile, 39% reported job dissatisfaction, and 36.6% experienced psychological distress. Significant associations emerged among burnout dimensions, job satisfaction, and wellbeing. Emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, professional efficacy, and age were key wellbeing predictors. Findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to mitigate burnout, improve job satisfaction, and promote officer wellbeing. The study advances theoretical understanding and informs policies to enhance working conditions within policing, contributing to both individual welfare and organisational effectiveness