20450 research outputs found
Sort by
Evidencia sobre el control de la diabetes mediante un estilo de vida saludable promovido por la atención primaria: una revisión sistemática
Full text linkLa diabetes mellitus tipo 2 representa uno de los retos de salud pública más
significativos a escala global, no solo debido a su alta prevalencia, sino también
por las complicaciones que provoca y los elevados gastos de salud. Es una
enfermedad crónica que se caracteriza por niveles constantemente altos de
glucosa en la sangre, producto de un trastorno en la generación o función de la
insulina. De acuerdo con cifras recientes de la Federación Internacional de
Diabetes (FID), existen actualmente más de 537 millones de individuos que
padecen esta enfermedad, y se estima que seguirá aumentando. En España, la situación es particularmente alarmante, con una prevalencia del
14,8% y un porcentaje considerable de casos sin diagnóstico, lo que eleva la
probabilidad de sufrir complicaciones graves como patologías cardiovasculares,
nefropatías o amputaciones. Ante esto, adoptar un estilo de vida saludable con
dieta, ejercicio y educación en salud es clave para prevenir y controlar la DM2.
Sin embargo, el cumplimiento constante de estas prácticas sigue siendo un
desafío para muchos pacientes. En este contexto, la atención primaria se
destaca como un elemento esencial, dado que es el primer nivel de interacción
con el sistema de salud y el lugar ideal para intervenciones de salud,
seguimiento y educación. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es examinar el efecto de la dieta y el
estilo de vida en la regulación de la glucosa en sangre de individuos con
Diabetes Mellitus 2, además de evaluar el rol que juega la atención primaria en
la promoción de hábitos saludables. Además, se busca identificar obstáculos y
factores que afectan el cumplimiento de los pacientes con las
recomendaciones médicas y nutricionales, con el objetivo de proponer tácticas
efectivas en el contexto comunitario.Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents one of the most significant global public
health challenges, not only due to its high prevalence but also because of the
complications it causes and the substantial healthcare costs involved. It is a
chronic disease characterized by persistently high blood glucose levels resulting
from impaired insulin production or function. According to recent data from the
International Diabetes Federation (IDF), over 537 million people currently suffer
from this condition, and the number is expected to continue rising. In Spain, the situation is particularly concerning, with a prevalence of 14.8%
and a significant proportion of undiagnosed cases, increasing the risk of severe
complications such as cardiovascular diseases, nephropathies, or amputations.
In response, adopting a healthy lifestyle through proper diet, regular physical
activity, and health education is essential for the prevention and management of
type 2 diabetes. However, maintaining these habits consistently remains a
challenge for many patients. In this context, primary care plays a critical role as the first point of contact with
the healthcare system and the ideal setting for health interventions, follow-up, and education. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the impact of diet and lifestyle
on blood glucose regulation in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well
as to assess the role of primary care in promoting healthy behaviors.
Additionally, it seeks to identify barriers and factors affecting patients'
adherence to medical and nutritional recommendations, in order to propose
effective strategies within the community setting
The impact of PM2.5 sources on the single scattering albedo at a rural site in the south-western Mediterranean region
Full text linkIn the present work, the contribution of PM2.5 sources to light absorption (σap,520) and scattering (σsp,525), as well
as their impact on SSA values, was analysed. For this, measurements of aerosol optical properties and PM2.5
chemical composition were conducted at a rural site in southeastern Spain. The sources that significantly
contributed to light extinction were: road traffic (TR), biomass burning (BB), mineral dust (MD), and a secondary
aerosol source (SA). BB accounted for nearly 50 % of the absorption coefficient (λ = 520 nm), while the SA
source exhibited the largest contribution to the scattering process (~47 % at 525 nm). MD showed the smallest
contribution to σap,520 and σsp,525, although its contribution significantly increased during Saharan dust events
(SDEs). SSA daily values showed a clear dependence on the contribution of individual sources to PM2.5 concentrations.
SSA values (λ = 525 nm) exceeding 0.90 were observed when contributions from secondary aerosols
were greater than 50 %, while the SSA decreased with the increase in the contribution from road traffic. The
contribution from BB was fairly constant for almost all SSA values, although high SSA values (>0.90) were
observed when the contribution from this source was very low. The SSA showed a clear spectral dependence that
varied according to the aerosol type. So, for BB aerosols the SSA decreased with wavelength, while for mineral
dust the opposite trend was observed
Emerging narratives in Spanish cinema: Thematic diversification in contemporary (local) production
No full textDurante las primeras décadas del presente siglo, el panorama
cinematográfico español ha experimentado una profunda
transformación estructural, marcada por la descentralización y
diversificación de su industria audiovisual. Este proceso ha
generado un escenario sin precedentes para la producción de
obras con mayor diversidad temática, cultural y de género;
reconfigurando tanto la geografía de la industria, como
mejorando las condiciones laborales de profesionales y empresas,
permitiéndoles desarrollar su actividad en sus lugares de origen
sin necesidad de desplazarse a los centros hegemónicos de
producción. Este artículo se basa en el análisis de la producción
de largometrajes de ficción en España entre los años 2000 y 2023,
considerando un corpus de 5246 títulos. Donde se examinan los
ritmos de crecimiento, patrones territoriales y los factores
explicativos que sustentan esta reconfiguración, prestando
especial atención a las comunidades que han experimentado un
desarrollo más significativoDuring the first decades of this century, the Spanish film industry
has undergone a profound structural transformation driven by
the decentralization and diversification of its audiovisual
industry. This process has created an unprecedented scenario for
the production of works with greater thematic, cultural, and
gender diversity, while simultaneously reshaping the geography
of the industry and improving working conditions for
professionals and companies, enabling them to carry out their
activities in their places of origin without the need to relocate to
hegemonic production centers. The analysis focuses on the
production of fiction feature films in Spain between 2000 and
2023, based on a corpus of 5246 titles. It examines growth trends,
territorial patterns, and the explanatory factors underlying this
reconfiguration, with particular attention to the regions that have
experienced the most significant development
Decoding Fluorine Peripheral Substitution Impact in Zinc Phthalocyanines for Perovskite Solar Cells
No full textWe designed six zinc phthalocyanine derivatives (ZnPc-1-ZnPc-6) as molecular semiconductors. By adjusting peripheral substituents with differing electron-donating and -withdrawing properties (-C(CH3)3, -O(CH2)CF3, -CF3), we rationalized solubility, energy levels, and molecular arrangement to influence interfacial charge dynamics and thus device performance. Among the derivatives, ZnPc-2 with three tert-butyl groups and a trifluoroethoxy provides favorable energy level alignment, better thin film coverage, and high conductivity suited to be used as hole-selective materials. When integrated into n-i-p architecture perovskite solar cells, it measures a power conversion efficiency approaches that of Spiro-OMeTAD under our lab conditions. ZnPc-2 showed ambient operational stability, maintaining around 80% of its initial JMPP over 24 h without encapsulation. Our combined theoretical and experimental assessment revealed detailed electro-optical properties to substantiate the influence of molecule design on the device performance. Specifically, three tert-butyl groups with a trifluoroethoxy arm outperform, evidencing molecular design as a strategy to modulate properties
RTVE Play as a public service audiovisual media platform: a model to rethink
No full textLa evolución del sector audiovisual tras la popularización del
modelo disruptivo de las plataformas ha obligado a los poderes
públicos a actualizar sus marcos normativos. En este contexto,
los Medios de Servicio Público (PSM) han implantado estrategias
corporativas y comerciales para competir con operadores
transnacionales, dotados de mayores capacidades económicas y
productivas, subordinando en ocasiones su misión de servicio
público.
En este artículo, estudiamos el caso de la plataforma pública
RTVE Play, analizando su grado de cumplimiento de los
preceptos de la Ley 13/2022 General de Comunicación
Audiovisual, que impone mayores obligaciones a las plataformas,
y su grado de transparencia y compromiso, en tanto servicio
público, con principios legalmente estipulados como la
diversidad lingüística, la protección del menor y la accesibilidadThe evolution of the audiovisual sector following the
popularisation of the disruptive platform model has compelled
public authorities to update their regulatory frameworks. In this
context, Public Service Media (PSM) have implemented
corporate and commercial strategies to compete with
transnational operators endowed with greater economic and
production capacities, at times subordinating their public service
remit.
In this article, we examine the case of the public platform RTVE
Play, analysing the extent to which it complies with the
provisions of General Audiovisual Communication Law
13/2022—which imposes greater obligations on platforms—as
well as its degree of transparency and, as a public service, its
commitment to legally stipulated principles such as linguistic
diversity, the protection of minors, and accessibility
Assessing the social perception of agrivoltaic systems in vineyards. A case study of an integrated trellis-based configuration in South-eastern Spain
No full textSustainable development is a key priority in addressing global challenges such as climate change and land
degradation. In South-eastern Spain, the Murcia Region stands out for its agricultural significance and its
exceptional potential for solar energy generation, owing to its semi-arid climate and high solar irradiance.
However, the rapid deployment of ground-mounted photovoltaic systems has intensified competition for agricultural
land, positioning agrivoltaics systems as a promising dual-use solution. This study explores the attitudes
of wine tourists towards vertically integrated low-height agrivoltaics systems in vineyards, a sector of major
economic and cultural relevance in the region. The methodology consisted of guided visits to pilot low-height
vertically integrated agrivoltaics systems installed in vineyard trellises at several wineries, followed by administration
of a structured ethically reviewed questionnaire. Statistical analysis reveals a predominantly positive
social perception of agrivoltaics systems in vineyards, emphasising support for dual land use and a preference for
the low-height system integrated into the trellises, due to its greater harmony with the wine-growing landscape.
Differences in perception by gender, educational level and environmental awareness suggests the need for
differentiated communication strategies in case actions are taken to further increase the favorable social
perception observed. Overall, findings position agrivoltaics as a viable solution for reconciling agricultural and
energy production in a context of climate change and resource scarcity
The Screen is the Message: Proposals from Art, Cinematography and Digital Post-Production
No full textThe economic impact of advertising on Netflix, Prime Video, Disney+ and HBO Max. From SVOD to AVOD
No full textEste artículo analiza el impacto económico de la incorporación
de publicidad en plataformas de streaming y su relación con la
transición desde modelos SVOD hacia esquemas
AVOD/HVOD. El objetivo es comparar cómo Netflix, Prime
Video, Disney+ y HBO Max reconfiguran su monetización
mediante planes con anuncios y qué implicaciones presenta para
ingresos, precios y posicionamiento competitivo. A partir de un
diseño cualitativo basado en análisis documental y estudio
comparado de casos, se triangulan informes corporativos (cartas
a accionistas y resultados), documentación sectorial y literatura
académica, en el periodo 2022–primer semestre de 2025. Los
resultados muestran (i) una convergencia de estrategias hacia
planes con anuncios como palanca de crecimiento y
segmentación de precios; (ii) un desplazamiento de la
competencia desde la mera captación de suscriptores hacia la
optimización del ingreso promedio por usuario o ARPU (por sus
siglas en inglés) y la diversificación de ingresos; y (iii) una
diferenciación estratégica basada en exclusividad de catálogo,
bundling, eventos en directo y construcción de marca. Se concluye
que el modelo híbrido tiende a consolidarse como estándar
emergente, aunque su sostenibilidad a corto y medio plazo
depende del equilibrio entre carga publicitaria, tolerancia del
usuario y capacidades de segmentación y mediciónThis article examines the economic impact of advertising on
streaming platforms and its connection to the shift from SVOD
to AVOD/HVOD models. Its aim is to compare how Netflix,
Prime Video, Disney+ and HBO Max redesign monetisation
through ad-supported tiers and what this implies for revenues,
pricing and competitive positioning. Using a qualitative design
grounded in documentary analysis and a comparative case-study
approach, the study triangulates corporate reports (shareholder
letters and earnings releases), industry documentation and peer-
reviewed literature for 2022–H1 2025. Findings indicate (i)
growing strategic convergence around ad tiers as a lever for
growth and price discrimination; (ii) competition shifting from
subscriber acquisition alone to ARPU optimisation and revenue
diversification; and (iii) differentiation based on exclusive
content, bundling, live events and brand building. The article
concludes that hybrid models are becoming an industry standard,
while medium-term sustainability hinges on balancing ad load,
user tolerance and targeting/measurement capabilitie
Self-learning and the role of the teacher as a motivator in a Medical School in the Dominican Republic
Full text linkIntroducción: El análisis crítico y reflexivo, promovido por un docente que motive a los estudiantes que practican el autoaprendizaje, deberá ser asumido como una dinámica constante, que les permita generar conocimiento aplicado. Objetivo: Determinar las intervenciones docentes en el autoaprendizaje y su rol como motivador en una escuela de medicina de la República Dominicana, en el año 2022.Método: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, de corte transversal, descriptivo, no experimental, utilizando el método inductivo, mediante la aplicación y análisis de una encuesta con 2 preguntas abiertas y 36 cerradas, 1completada mediante un formulario en línea por 109 estudiantes y 21 docentes. Resultados: Se evidenció que el 73.08% de los estudia-dos estuvo totalmente de acuerdo con que el aprendizaje autodirigido y la motivación debe ir de la mano. Por otro lado, el 90.48% de los docentes y el 66.97% (p=0.028) de los estudiantes estuvieron totalmente de acuerdo con que las estrategias que utilice el docente facilitarán que los estudiantes se involucren en los procesos educativos de manera activa, tanto dentro como fuera del entorno áulico. Discusión: El estudiantado participante consideró que la proyección de confianza, empatía y metodologías de enseñanza que utilicen los profesores pueden ayudar grandemente al estudiantado a sentirse motivado y com-prometido en asumir el autoaprendizaje de manera efectiva. De modo que la motivación por parte del docente y la utilización de estrategias que fomenten el autoaprendizaje parecen garantizar el desarrollo holístico del mismo y generará respuestas a las diversas situaciones que se puedan presentar de carácter académico o social. Conclusiones: El docente debe ser un agente generador de cambios, motivando continuamente a sus estudiantes a la búsqueda del conocimiento de manera autónoma y utilizando todas las herramientas innovadoras que garanticen el logro de este objetivo.Introduction: Critical and reflective analysis, promoted by a teacher who motivates students who practice self-learning, should be assumed as a constant dynamic, which allows them to generate applied knowledge .Objective: To determine the teaching interventions in self-learning and its role as a motivator in a medical school in the Dominican Republic, in 2022. Method: A prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, non-experimental study was carried out, using the inductive method, through the application and analysis of a survey with 2 open questions and 36 closed questions, completed through an online form by 109 students and 21 teachers.Results: It was found that 73.08% of the study participants fully agreed that self-directed learning and motiva-tion must go hand in hand. On the other hand, 90.48% of teachers and 66.97% (p=0.028) of students fully agreed that the strategies used by teachers will facilitate students’ active involvement in educational processes both inside and outside the classroom environment.Discussion: The participating students considered that the projection of confidence, empathy and teaching meth-odologies used by teachers can greatly help students feel motivated and committed to assuming self-learning effectively. Thus, motivation on the part of teachers and the use of strategies that encourage self-learning seem to guarantee the holistic development of the same and will generate responses to the various situations that may arise of an academic or social nature.Conclusions: The teacher must be an agent of change, continually motivating his students to seek knowledge autonomously and using all the innovative tools that guar-antee the achievement of this objective
Sustainable Development, Environmental Certification and the Financial Performance of the Road Passenger Transportation Sector
Full text linkWithin the framework of sustainable development and environmental policy, environmental certification is regarded as a mechanism
through which road passenger transport companies (RPTCs) could mitigate their adverse environmental impacts and
attain competitive advantages that may enhance their financial performance. The objective of this study is to analyse whether
the financial performance of RPTCs improves as a result of the influence that environmental certification exerts on passengers'
perceived image, sustainable asset management and employees' environmental behaviour. Using panel data covering the period
2010–2019, a comparative analysis was conducted between certified and non-certified
RPTCs, focusing on the routes they operate
and their affiliation status. While the effect of certification on sustainable asset management strengthens financial performance,
the improvement in passengers' environmental image has only a partial effect. Conversely, the influence of certification
on employees' environmental behaviour has been found to exert a negative impact on financial performance