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La prevención del acoso sexual en el ámbito universitario: ejemplo práctico en la UMH
No full textEste proyecto interdisciplinar que une los grados de Derecho y Bellas Artes se centra en primer
lugar en la investigación de las distintas formas de acoso, centrándonos en el acoso sexual en
el ámbito universitario. De esta manera, la conceptualización jurídica desarrollada en el
presente trabajo, se establece como base del segundo objetivo del mismo, la realización de una
campaña de difusión acompañada de la elaboración de “Zona Roja”, un cómic elaborado por
las estudiantes de Bellas Artes, cuya finalidad es darle visibilidad a los distintos
comportamientos constitutivos de acoso que pueden darse en la universidad y a su vez, difundir
el Protocolo de Prevención y Actuación ante situaciones de acoso sexual, acoso por razón de
sexo o por orientación sexual de la Universidad Miguel Hernández (en adelante Protocolo),
puesto que se desconocen los mecanismos de protección existentes con carácter generalizado.This interdisciplinary project that unites the degrees of law and fine arts focuses firstly on the
investigation of the different forms of harassment, focusing on sexual harassment in the
university environment. In this way, the legal conceptualisation developed in this work is
established as the basis of the second objective of thereof, the implementation of a
dissemination campaign accompanied by the development of ‘Zona Roja’, a comic made by
the students of fine arts, whose purpose is to give visibility to the different behaviours
constituting harassment that can occur at the university and in turn, disseminate the Protocol
for Prevention and Action in situations of sexual harassment, harassment based on sex or sexual
orientation of the University Miguel Hernández, since the existing mechanisms of protection
are unknown in a generalised way
El viaje del rifle. Un análisis narrativo del montaje en el cine de Anthony Mann
Get PDFEl presente estudio analiza los aspectos narrativos del montaje de Winchester ’73
(1950), película dirigida por Anthony Mann que se erige como una obra clave
del western clásico. Estrenada durante la segunda mitad del siglo pasado,
Winchester ’73 marcó un hito en la evolución del western, introduciendo una
complejidad psicológica y narrativa que sentaría las bases del western
moderno. La obra narra la recuperación, por parte de Lin McAdam (James
Stewart), de un rifle de repetición que representa un símbolo de poder y codicia;
y que pasa sucesivamente por distintas manos, entrelazando historias
individuales con la trama principal. Este enfoque permite explorar temas como
la violencia, la avaricia o la redención; y Mann emplea para ello un montaje
alterno con el que mantiene la tensión narrativa, dando como resultado un
panóptico de escenas que reflejan tanto la épica del paisaje del Viejo Oeste
como los conflictos internos de los personajes, alejándose de los estereotipos del
géneroThis study analyses the narrative aspects of the editing of Winchester ’73 (1950),
a film directed by Anthony Mann that stands as a key work of the classic western.
Released during the second half of the last century, Winchester ’73 was a
milestone in the evolution of the western, introducing a psychological and
narrative complexity that would lay the foundations of the modern western. The
film tells the story of Lin McAdam’s (James Stewart) recovery of a repeating rifle,
a symbol of power and greed, which passes successively through different
hands, interweaving individual stories with the main plot. This approach allows for
the exploration of themes such as violence, greed and redemption, and Mann
employs alternate editing to maintain narrative tension, resulting in a panopticon
of scenes that reflect both the epic landscape of the Old West and the internal
conflicts of the characters, moving away from the stereotypes of the genr
Análisis del programa de cribado de hepatitis virales en el hospital general universitario de Elche
Get PDFIntroducción: Las hepatitis virales conllevan una elevada morbimortalidad, situándose entre las causas más frecuentes de desarrollo de enfermedad hepática crónica, cirrosis y hepatocarcinoma. Se estima una prevalencia de antígeno de superficie (HBsAg) de virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) entre 0,5-0,8% y de infección activa por virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) de 0,22% en España. La implementación de programas de cribado constituye una estrategia potencial para alcanzar los objetivos de microeliminación establecidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la prevalencia de infecciones ocultas y las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los pacientes detectados por un programa de cribado realizado en el servicio de urgencias y estudios preoperatorios del Hospital General Universitario de Elche (HGUE).
Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico y retrospectivo. Se analizaron los datos de pacientes diagnosticados de infección por VHB o VHC mediante la determinación serológica de VHB (HBsAg+) y VHC (Anti-VHC) realizadas con motivo de su atención en urgencias o en estudios preoperatorios, en el seno del programa de cribado de hepatitis virales del HGUE.
Resultados: Se realizaron 6456 pruebas de cribado. Respecto a la infección por VHB, se detectó una prevalencia de HBsAg+ de 0,54%; siendo un 94,3% de los pacientes mayores de 40 años; reconociendo un 37,1% al menos un factor de riesgo, siendo el más frecuente la transmisión materno fetal. En el 85,2% se objetivó fibrosis grado F0-F1. Respecto a la infección por VHC, se detectó carga viral en 0,3% del total de pruebas realizadas; situándose un 77,7% en el intervalo de 40-70 años. De los pacientes que han estado en contacto con el VHC, un 32,1% reconoce al menos un factor de riesgo, siendo el más frecuente los usuarios de drogas por vía parenteral. En un 81,9% de los pacientes con infección activa se objetivó fibrosis grado F0-F2.
Conclusiones: El programa de cribado en el servicio de urgencias hospitalarias y estudios preoperatorios es útil para realizar nuevos diagnósticos de infección por VHB y VHC, detectándose en fases de enfermedad hepática inicial en la mayoría de los casos.Introduction: Viral hepatitis associates a high morbidity and mortality rate, being among the most frequent causes of the development of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. In Spain, the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HbsAg+) and active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is estimated to be 0,5-0,8% and 0,22%, respectively. The implementation of screening programmes is a potential strategy to reach the microelimination’s objectives established by the World Health Organization. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients diagnosed by the HGUE screening programme.
Material and methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective study. It was performed in HGUE on patients diagnosed with HBV or HCV infection through the screening programme carried out during emergency care or preoperative studies.
Results: A total of 6456 screening tests were carried out. About HBV infection, a prevalence of 0,54% was detected; 94,3% of patients are over 40 years of age; 37,1% recognised at least one risk factor, being the most frequent the mother-to-child transmission. In 85,2% fibrosis grade F0-F1 was observed. Regarding to HCV, viral load was detected in 0,3% of all tests; 77,7% of patients are between 40-70 years of age. Of patients who have been in contact with HCV, 32,1% recognised at least one risk factor, being the most frequent the injecting drug users. In 81,9% of patients with active HCV infection, fibrosis grade F0-F2 was observed.
Conclusions: The screening programme in the hospital emergency department and preoperative studies is useful in making new diagnoses of HBV and HCV infection, which are detected in early liver disease in most cases
Evaluating the Positive Functioning at Work (PF-W) Questionnaire: Insights into Predictive Factors of Well-Being Among Spanish Workers
Get PDFThis study examines the interplay between individual predictors (self-efficacy) and organizational factors (perceived organizational support) within the framework of the PERMA+4 model to promote workplace well-being. Data were collected from 545 employees (57.8% women) using self-reported questionnaires and analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results indicate that self-efficacy positively influences seven dimensions of the PERMA+4 model, while perceived organizational support significantly affects five dimensions. Positive emotions are identified as a mediator, amplifying the impact of PERMA+4 dimensions on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Specifically, positive emotions have a positive effect on job satisfaction, underscoring their pivotal role in the workplace well-being. These findings validate the PERMA+4 model as a comprehensive framework for understanding workplace well-being, emphasizing the dynamic interaction between individual and organizational factors. Moreover, they provide actionable insights for interventions aimed at enhancing employee satisfaction and long-term commitment by fostering self-efficacy, organizational support, and positive emotions
A novel device for temporary cardiac stimulation using permanent pacemaker generators and active-fixation leads: the TEMPACE multicentre prospective study
Get PDFTo determine the safety and effectiveness of the KronoSafe® permanent pacemaker adapter for temporary cardiac pacing (TCP) with active-fixation leads (TCPAFL). Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, descriptive clinical investigation involving a medical device (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05351658). Between January 2023 and December 2024, all consecutive patients who underwent implantation of a temporary active-fixation pacemaker were included. The devices were secured using the KronoSafe® adapter throughout the period of use. Complications during TCPAFL were recorded, and R-wave sensing, lead impedance, and pacing threshold were determined every 48 hours. Results: Thirty patients (10 with atrioventricular block, 9 TAVI, 5 alcohol septal ablations, 2 slow atrial fibrillations, 2 bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome, and 2 pacemaker infections) who required TCP were included. Two centers participated in the study. The mean duration of TCP was 7.8 days (maximum 22 days), with 79.2% of the time spent in the cardiology ward. One complication (3%) was recorded, due to accidental traction of the system associated with an episode of agitation. Conclusions: TCPAFL using the KronoSafe® adapter is safe and effective, and its use can be extended outside the Intensive Care Unit
Diseño de un programa de estimulación cognitiva en personas con fibromialgia.
Get PDFLa fibromialgia (FM) es una enfermedad crónica caracterizada por dolor generalizado, aunque se presentan otros síntomas como fatiga, trastornos del sueño y problemas cognitivos. A pesar de su prevalencia (5% de la población mundial), el diagnóstico y tratamiento son de gran complejidad por la variedad de la sintomatología.
Tras una amplia búsqueda bibliográfica no se encontró gran cantidad de documentación sobre la estimulación cognitiva en este colectivo, siendo las dificultades cognitivas (memoria, atención, comprensión, etc.) uno de los síntomas más comunes y habituales que limitan el día a día de la persona con FM. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es la creación de un programa de estimulación cognitiva para personas con FM.
Para la realización de este programa se contará con la participación de diversas asociaciones de fibromialgia para el reclutamiento de participantes. Seguidamente, se llevará a cabo una sesión informativa a partir de la cuál, si se cumplen los criterios de inclusión, se realizará una evaluación inicial para así proceder a la realización de las 26 sesiones propuestas. Al finalizar estas, se procede a una evaluación final para poder observar posibles mejoras en los participantes. El período total de realización del programa es de 5 meses, teniendo un presupuesto aproximado de 16.400€.Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by generalized pain, although there are other symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disorders, and cognitive impairments. Despite the prevalence (5% world population), the diagnosis and treatment are a major complexity because of the variety of the symptoms.
After wide bibliographic research, there was not a large quantity of documents about cognitive stimulation in this collective, being the cognitive impairment (memory, attention, comprehension, etc.) one of the most typical symptoms that limit the day by day of a person with FM. Therefore, the objective of this project is the creation of a cognitive stimulation program for people with FM.
To realise this program we will count on the aid of FM associations for the participant recruitment. After that, an informative talk will be made. If the inclusion criteria are accomplished, initial evaluations will be made in order to start with the realisation of the 26 sessions. At the end of them, it will proceed to do the final evaluation as a way to observe if there were improvements on the participants. The total period of the program will be 5 months, with an estimated cost of 16.400€
Críticas en conflicto: ¿por qué los gamers no se fían de los medios especializados?.
Get PDFLa creciente discrepancia de opiniones que existe entre las críticas de videojuegos de jugadores y críticos profesional generan un gran conflicto en el sector, mientras que los medios especializados abordan los juegos a partir de una perspectiva más técnica y analítica, los jugadores se dejan llevar por sus propias experiencias; por sus propias expectativas o por la cercanía con las desarrolladoras. Esta discrepancia de criterios ha llevado a poner en jaque la fiabilidad; la veracidad o la independencia de la crítica profesional en un contexto donde el marketing; los embargos o los patrocinios han acabado por influir en gran parte del contenido. Además, fenómenos como el review bombing o la exclusión de algunos medios de las pruebas de los títulos antes del lanzamiento alimentan la percepción de manipulación. A partir del análisis de los casos más recientes y entrevistas con profesionales del sector; este trabajo pretende indagar en los factores que alimentan este distanciamiento y plantea la necesidad de buscar la manera de construir las críticas, buscando modelos más contextualizados; más honestos y adaptados a una audiencia cada vez más exigente y participativa.The growing divergence of opinions between video game reviews by gamers and professional critics is generating significant conflict within the industry. While specialized media approach games from a more technical and analytical perspective, players are driven by their own experiences, their own expectations, or their closeness to the developers. This divergence of criteria has led to a challenge to the reliability, veracity, and independence of professional critics in a context where marketing, embargoes, and sponsorships have come to influence much of the content. Furthermore, phenomena such as review bombing or the exclusion of some media outlets from pre-release testing of titles fuel the perception of manipulation. Based on the analysis of the most recent cases and interviews with industry professionals, this paper aims to investigate the factors that fuel this distancing and raises the need to find ways to construct reviews, seeking more contextualized models, more honest, and adapted to an increasingly demanding and participatory audience
Methods and validity indicators for measuring adherence to statins in secondary cardiovascular prevention: a systematic review
Get PDFBackground: Adherence to statin therapy is crucial for reducing the recurrence of cardiovascular events. Numerous methods exist to measure medication adherence, including those based on prescription data, patient self-report, medication counting, and direct methods. It is important to determine which of these methods are appropriate for use in clinical practice. This systematic review aimed to identify the methods used to measure adherence and persistence to statins in patients undergoing cardiovascular secondary prevention and to evaluate the validity indicators of these methods. Methods: This systematic review included studies reporting methods to measure adherence and/or persistence to statins in cardiovascular secondary prevention. Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched from inception to February 2025. Rayyan was used for the study selection and extraction data processes. Validity indicators of the adherence/persistence methods were collected; it was reported. Risk of bias of studies reporting the method validity was evaluated using the COSMIN (Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments) tool. Results: A total of 77 studies were included. Regarding adherence measurement, the most frequently used method was prescription refill records (n = 55) and self-report methods (n = 20). Electronic monitoring methods (n = 2), self-perceived adherence by physician (n = 1), and pill counting (n = 1) were less frequently used methods. Direct methods, using HPLC-MS/MS, were used in combination with other indirect methods (n = 5). For measuring persistence, prescription refill records were the predominant method (n = 9), while self-report methods were used in three studies, and one study used a standardized questionnaire. Several of the indirect methods have validity indicators for measuring adherence in different study populations and to different medications. Only one study provides validity indicators for the MAT questionnaire specifically adapted for statins. Conclusions: The methods for measuring adherence to statins in secondary cardiovascular prevention were predominantly indirect, relying on prescription and supply records and self-report methods. Pill counting, electronic monitoring, and direct measurement via LC-MS/MS were less commonly used. Persistence was primarily measured through prescription refill records. None of the indirect methods was validated; thus, their use for measuring adherence to statins is not recommended. There is a need for new validated tools, incorporating a gender perspective, to measure adherence to statins in this population
Componente velloso como predictor de neoplasia metacrona tras extirpación de adenomas de colon.
Get PDFIntroducción: La detección y resección de adenomas colorrectales supone indicación de
vigilancia endoscópica en función del tamaño, histología y mul:plicidad de estas lesiones.
Respecto a la histología vellosa, existe controversia a la hora de considerarla factor de riesgo de
neoplasia colorrectal metacrónica por sí misma y, por tanto, indicación de vigilancia endoscópica.
Determinar si esta caracterís:ca histológica en ausencia de otras caracterís:cas de riesgo supone
un factor de riesgo de neoplasia colorrectal evitaría la realización de colonoscopias innecesarias.
Obje1vo: Determinar el riesgo de neoplasia avanzada metacrónica en individuos con adenomas
con componente velloso sin otras caracterís:cas de riesgo (< 5 adenomas, < 10 mm, displasia de
bajo grado) comparándolo con el riesgo de individuos con adenomas no avanzados (ANA) y
adenomas avanzados (AA) ≥ 10 mm (tubulares con displasia de bajo grado).
Material y métodos: Se plantea un estudio observacional analí:co retrospec:vo anidado en el
ensayo clínico aleatorizado mul:céntrico EPoS. Se seleccionan los pacientes incluidos en dicho
estudio con al menos 1 adenoma resecado y se clasifican en los diferentes grupos a estudio:
pacientes con adenomas con componente velloso < 10 mm y displasia de bajo grado, pacientes
con ANA y pacientes con AA ≥ 10 mm. Se es:mó un tamaño muestral necesario de 764 pacientes
por grupo. En este trabajo se muestran los resultados de un análisis preliminar con un tamaño
muestral inferior. Se determina la incidencia de neoplasia avanzada en la vigilancia de cada grupo
y se comparan sus RR.
Resultados: En los resultados preliminares de este estudio con 152 pacientes por grupo, se
observó una incidencia de neoplasia avanzada metacrona similar en el grupo de pacientes con
adenomas con componente velloso < 10 mm (5,9%) y ANA (4,6%) (RR 1,3; IC 95% 0,47-3,60; p
0.798). Así mismo, se observó una incidencia de neoplasia avanzada metacrona inferior en el
grupo de pacientes con adenomas con componente velloso < 10 mm (5,9%) respecto a la de pacientes con AA ≥ 10 mm (12,5%), aunque las diferencias no fueron estadís:camente
significa:vas (RR 0,44; IC 95% 0,19-1,00; p 0.073).
Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados parecen indicar que el riesgo de neoplasia avanzada en
pacientes con adenomas con componente velloso < 10 mm con displasia de bajo grado podría
no ser superior al de los pacientes con ANA e inferior al de los pacientes con AA ≥ 10 mm. Un
mayor tamaño muestral permi:rá confirmar si realmente los pacientes con adenomas vellosos
< 10 mm podrían no necesitar vigilancia endoscópica.Introduc1on: Detec:on and resec:on of colorectal adenomas indicates endoscopic surveillance
depending on size, histology and mul:plicity of these lesions. Regarding villous histology, there
is controversy when it comes to considering it a risk factor for advanced metachronous neoplasia,
therefore, an indica:on for endoscopic surveillance. Assessing whether this histological feature
in absence of other risk features is a risk factor for colorectal neoplasia would prevent
unnecessary colonoscopies.
Objec1ve: To assess the risk of advanced metachronous neoplasia in subjects with villous
adenomas without other risk features (< 5 adenomas, < 10 mm, low-grade dysplasia) compared
with the risk of subjects with non-advanced adenomas (NAA) and advanced adenomas (AA) ≥ 10
mm (tubular with low-grade dysplasia).
Material and methods: An analy:cal retrospec:ve observa:onal study nested within the
mul:center randomized clinical trial EPoS is proposed. Pa:ents included in this study with at least 1 resected adenoma were selected and classified into the different study groups: pa:ents
with villous adenomas < 10 mm with low-grade dysplasia, pa:ents with NAA and pa:ents with
AA ≥ 10 mm. A required sample size of 764 pa:ents per group was es:mated. This study presents
the results of a preliminary analysis with a smaller sample size. The incidence of advanced
neoplasia in surveillance was determined for each group and their RRs were compared.
Results: Preliminary results of this study with 152 pa:ents per group show a similar incidence of
advanced metachronous neoplasia in the group of pa:ents with villous adenomas < 10 mm
(5.9%) and NAA (4.6%) (RR 1,3; IC 95% 0,47-3,60; p 0.798). Likewise, a lower incidence of
advanced metachronous neoplasia was observed in the group of pa:ents with villous adenomas
< 10 mm (5,9%) compared to those with AA ≥ 10 mm (12,5%), though differences were not
sta:s:cally significant (0.44; 95% CI 0.19-1.00; p 0.073).
Conclusions: Our results seem to indicate that the risk of advanced neoplasia in pa:ents with
villous adenomas < 10 mm with low-grade dysplasia might not be higher than that of pa:ents
with NAA and lower than that of pa:ents with AA ≥10 mm. A larger sample will confirm whether
pa:ents with villous adenomas < 10 mm may not need endoscopic surveillance
