American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS)
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Scavenge ABTS and Inhibition of Elastase Enzyme Activity from Ethanol Extract of Pineapple (Annas cosmusus (L.) Merr) Core
Get PDFThe exact cause of aging is still unknown, there are some theories which has been directed. Excess ROS (Reactive oxygen species) or UV radiation can precipitate activation of elastase which degrades elastin. This study was aimed to investigate anti-elastase and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract from pineapple core. Determination of Antioxidant activity was using ABTS Methods while Inhibition of Elastase assay was using Elastase Enzyme from porcine pancreases. The result of this study was express by Mean ± SD and analysed by One-Way ANOVA test and followed by the Post Hoc Test with the Tukey HSD test, while IC50 was determined by simultaneous analysis of linear regression. At the highest concentration (50 ug/ml), The scavenge activity of ABTS’ were 36.13 ± 2.82 % for ethanol extract of pineapple core and 93.91 ± 3.25 % for luteolin compound. Same as Scavenge ABTS Activity, at the highest concentration (66.67 ug/ml), the elastase inhibition activities were 78.73 ±3.08 % for ethanol extract of pineapple core and 86.30 ± 1.78 % for luteolin compound. The result of Post Hoc test for ABTS activity and inhbition of elastase was shown significant differences (P value < 0.05) of percentage activity at various concentration. Based on IC50 value of Ethanol extract from pineapple core that antioxidant activity (IC50: 72.73±4.31) was strong while inhibition of elastase enzyme (IC50:16.79±1.62) was very strong. Antioxidant and antielastase activity of ethanol extract from pineapple core aren’t potent as luteolin compound
Modeling Approach for Earthen Dam Breach Analysis in North Yamar Dam, Myanmar
Get PDFIn case a Dam breach occurs, it is hazardous for lives, properties and environment in downstream extents. Dam break studies are necessary for forecasting of flood disaster and evaluation of hydrological safety among dams. To investigate possible inundation extents and breach outflow, an experimental study for both overtopping and piping failures was performed in the North Yamar Lower Dam constructed across Yamar creek in Pale township of Sagaing Region. This study is to examine the applicability of hydraulics and hydrologic models, HEC-RAS (USACE Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis system) and HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrologic Modeling System) upon Dam Break. One-dimensional HEC-RAS model was applied in collaboration with HEC-HMS model to predict the potential flood risk due to different breach modes. The extreme hydrological event such as possible maximum flood event (PMF) was considered for the overtopping breach and sunny day piping event for piping breach. Dam Breach outflow hydrographs were generated by HEC-HMS individually and imported them into HEC-RAS for downstream flood estimation. The unsteady mixed flow simulations were performed by HEC-RAS and ArcGIS (Geographic Information System) was used to produce an inundation map based on simulated water surface elevations and extents. The models were calibrated based on the historical floods happened in North Yamar Dam from 2005 to 2017. By scenario analysis for with and without emergency spillway, overtopping breach influenced on different consequences whereas piping affected not much differences. The probable peak discharge would be over 7,000 m3/s and 3,800 m3/s respectively
PDDM: A Database Design Method for Polyglot Persistence
Get PDFDatabases by Web 2.0 has revealed the limitations of the relational model related to scalability. This led to the emergence of NoSQL databases, with data storage models other than relational ones. These databases propose solutions to such limitations through horizontal scalability and partially compromise data consistency. The combination of multiple data models, called polyglot persistence, extends these solutions by providing resources for the implementation of complex systems that have components with distinct requirements that would not be possible by the use of only one data model in a satisfactory way. However, there are no consolidated methods for the NoSQL database design and neither methods for design systems that apply the polyglot persistence. This work proposes a database design method applied to systems that use polyglot persistence, combining different data models. This method can be applied to the relational model and aggregate-oriented NoSQL data models. The method defines a set of sub-steps based on the existing concepts of database design. The goal is to define a formal process to assist in defining the data models to be used and to transform the conceptual design into a logical design. The method application is demonstrated in some test cases, in order to show its results and applicability for later execution of the physical design of these databases
Study of Seasonal Heat, Freshwater, and Volume Transports in the Gulf of Thailand using an Ocean Circulation Model
Get PDFThis research aims to investigate volume, heat, and freshwater transports in the Gulf of Thailand for each season. The Model grid used in this research is the orthogonal curvilinear grid which is constructed via cubic splines and solving Laplace\u27s equation. For the vertical grid, the sigma coordinate is introduced to deal with significant topographical variability. The data used consist of bottom topography, current velocities, potential temperature, salinity, and seawater density, which are calculated from the primitive equations. The results show that the highest and lowest values of volume, heat, and freshwater transports in each season occur at the same region, and the direction of volume and heat transports are all same in the Gulf of Thailand, but the freshwater transport is in the opposite direction of volume and heat transports. The highest values of volume, heat, and freshwater transports occur between latitudes 7°N to 8°N in the winter and at the connection section between the Gulf of Thailand and the South China Sea in the summer, rainy season, and the end of the rainy season. Their lowest values occur at latitude 11°N in the winter, between latitudes 8°N to 9°N in the summer, and between latitudes 10°N to 11°N in the rainy season and the end of the rainy season. In order to validate the results, a comparison was made with the results of Wyrtki\u27s research which investigated the volume transports of Southeast Asian Waters. It can be summarized that the results of our research are on track
Effectiveness of Health Promotion Audiovisual Materials in Reducing Nicotine Dependence Among Young Adults
Get PDFNicotine dependence is an addiction to tobacco products caused by drug nicotine. The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing more than 7 million people a year. In spite of all the efforts and interventions made by the government to curb smoking, there seemed to be a steady growth in the number of smokers through the years. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of health promotion audiovisual material in reducing nicotine dependence among young adults. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used to know the effectiveness of audiovisuals in decreasing nicotine dependency among young adults. The study population consisted of 50 young adult smokers, 25 in the experimental and 25 in the control group, ages 18-35 years old. Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence Assessment Toolkit was used for both groups. Experiential videos were presented to the experimental group for 5-10 minutes. Independent T-test was used in comparing the pre-test scores of control and experimental group; however, to analyze the whole collated data, ANCOVA was utilized. There is a significant decrease between the post-test mean scores of the experimental group as compared to their pre-test scores (p=.014) and nicotine dependence of the experimental group significantly reduced after the intervention. Comparatively, there was no significant decrease within the pre-test and posttest scores (p=.104) of the experimental and the control group. The audiovisuals were presented to the experimental group that stated topics about cigarette smoking. There were significant differences between the pretest and posttest scores of the experimental and control groups which indicate that the audiovisuals utilizing the health promotion model were effective in reducing nicotine dependence among young adults. Long-term intervention and research about nicotine dependence may be implemented in future study. There were significant differences between the pretest and posttest scores of the experimental and control groups which indicate that the audiovisuals utilizing the health promotion model were effective in reducing nicotine dependence among young adults. Long-term intervention and research about nicotine dependence may be implemented in future study
Comparison of Pull-Out Strength Behavior for Chemical Adhesive Anchors Installed in Concrete
Get PDFPost installed reinforcement is widely used in the world as well as Bangladesh because of the need for it in rehabilitation and strengthening work. It help to contribute at the efficiency in the cost of construction in general and offer a level of confidence on the structural integrity of building and civil engineering infrastructural projects. Engineers need to be confident in the performance of adhesives anchor systems to be used where adhesives involved as a bonding agent between steel reinforcement bars and concrete. This research is investigated the effectiveness of several sorts of adhesives utilized in post-installed rebar connection under pull-out test. The cylindrical samples (36 + 12 Nos) of 15cm diameter 30 cm height with two different proportion ratio of ingredients for preparing concrete where brick chips as coarse aggregates with two different anchors grade (400W &500W) are used. The control samples (12 Nos) are the cast in-place rebar concrete specimens while other samples (36 Nos) are post rebar-installed concrete specimens where chemical adhesives like fischer, INDEX and mortar are used as bonding agents. The findings show that the pull-out load values are higher for lower reinforcement grade and lower amount of aggregates in concrete by applying chemical adhesive
Electrical Prospecting for Structural Setting in North-East Al-Umarah City / Iraq
Get PDFAn electrical resistivity investigation as vertical electrical sounding technique was utilized to measure and detect the vertical changes in resistivity of the geologic section even the subsurface structure in North-East Al-Umarah city / Iraq."27" VES\u27S were carried out using schlumberger conFigure ure uration with maximum current electrode spacing of (950m). It is believed that such spacing can give enough penetration in which it then yields and reflects sufficient information about the subsurface condition. The purpose of this study is how can find an approach to exploit the present measurements in order to give more obvious picture about the subsurface condition which then main task of the work can be reached. This approach is abbreviated by using the horizontal resistivity data extracted and discriminated from the schlumberger VES\u27S field data, where horizontal resistivity contour maps "as an earth slices" for all usable spacing were constructed and space section as well. More information can also be invented and obtained with the aid of available geophysical information. Two intersected vertical contacts as fault like structure were concluded, could be with various age, the older one trending NW-SE while the younger one trending NE-SW which are in well conforming with available surface geological information
Approaches for Risk Assessment Method Selection Criteria
Get PDFIn safety engineering there are several risk assessment methods ranged from simple to complex, quantitative or qualitative and semi-quantitative. May be researchers or experts they need to answer the question: (which method we choose and why?). It may sometimes be necessary to employ more than one method of assessment. Two approached conducted the first approach discussed the selection of risk assessment method in consideration of availability of resources, uncertainty and factors influencing method selection. While the second approach discuss the selection criteria accordance of consequence assessment and frequency assessment. It found that the selection of methods affected mainly by environment under consideration. After this analysis it is suitable to conduct the risk assessment for the case study by using HAZOP as qualitative methodology and for quantitative FTA will be conducted. It is possible to mix the two approaches to form one model for selection process
Preventive Effect of Ophthalmic Lenses on Cataract, is it Real?
Get PDFKnowing that the prevalence of crystalline cataracts after 40 years is relatively high and that exposure to UV rays is a factor for its appearance, since the lens is an absorber of these rays, it was intended with this pilot study to verify the relationship between the appearance of crystalline nuclear sclerosis and the time that patients take from the use of ophthalmic lenses, since they absorb most of these rays under normal conditions of use
Association of Dietary Practices and Lifestyle Modifications in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Pakistani Women
Get PDFBackground: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) incidence is increasing day by day due to lifestyle changes and living standards that resulted in esophagitis, esophageal adenocarcinoma, Barrett’s esophagus and many other illness worldwide. Patients with GERD live with poor quality life and have low work capacity.
Aims: Main aim of the study is to diagnose GERD in early stages for the reduction in mortality and morbidity at different age groups.
Methods: The pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore. A total of 230 female patients screened for GERD symptoms were included in this study. The collection of demographic data, dietary intake, lifestyle habits, physiology, and physical analysis were gathered during the 4 months.
Results: Data analysis shows us that GERD is highly significant with age, occupation. Moreover, burping is highly significant in these patients. Fried fatty foods, spicy foods, fizzy drinks, garlic intake were also correlated to GERD symptoms. These subjects also suffer from more skin problems.
Conclusion: From our results, we infer that GERD has a very strong bond with dietary and lifestyle patterns. If these parameters are kept under control, GERD patients will be less agonize from complications and minimize our morbidity and mortality.