American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS)
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Analysis of the Dimensions of Quality Perceived by Clients of Online Retail Organizations
Get PDFThe transformation in customer experience promoted by the advent of Web 2.0 has led to the measurement of customer perception of quality to consider more hedonic and subjective aspects of quality. Since there is no consensus in the literature on what the quality attributes of electronic services are and how they are organized, the objective was to investigate how to organize the objective and hedonic attributes of quality in online retail, based on the model of e-transqual measurement. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) techniques were used. It is concluded that online retail companies should focus on technical characteristics, but should not overlook the hedonic aspects of quality, so as to make the customer experience during the buying process more enjoyable and thus ensure higher levels of quality. quality perception
Multi-Format Document Verification System
Get PDFThe spread of fake documents claiming to be from official sources on social media has led to increasing levels of skepticism and uncertainty in modern society. Currently, there is no easy access method of verification for documents that can be adopted by the public. This paper proposes a method of a multi-format document verification scheme using digital signatures and blockchain. We employ digital signature algorithms to sign document contents extracted using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) methods and attach this signature to the document by converting it into a 2D barcode format. This code can then be used on a shared document to retrieve the document’s digital signature and OCR can be used to verify the signature. In addition to this, we also provide an alternative method of verification in the form of forgery detection techniques. These signed documents are stored in a decentralized storage solution backed by blockchain technology, increasing the solution\u27s overall reliability and security
Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Land Use/Land Cover in Kandy City, Sri Lanka: An Analytical Investigation with Geospatial Techniques
Get PDFLand use/ land cover modifications in cities in developing countries in haphazard manner brings many detrimental effects to the both city dwellers and its environment and understanding the nature of this land modifications is vital for development planning of cities. The objective of this paper is to detect the land use/ land cover changes occurred during the period of 1994-2018 in Kandy city which is a world heritage site as well as the second largest city with a great national significance in Sri Lanka. This objective was achieved by using high and medium resolution satellite images and classifying them via supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms and finally applying post classification change detection techniques in GIS. Land use/land cover classification accuracy assessment also was performed to confirm the classification accuracy. Results revealed that the city has undergone a drastic conversion of lands up to 2003, has slowed down after 2003 and lowest conversion is after 2007. The foremost change within this twenty four year period is the substantial increase in built-up lands and substantial decrease in forested lands. Significant increase in built up lands within the period of 1994-2003 is evidently associated with the rapid increase in population in the city until 2001. Reserved forested areas in the city still remain unchanged and problem of forest loss is with the light forested areas spread throughout the city. Land use zoning regulations by Urban Development Authority to preserve world heritage and environmental status and the population shifting to the periphery after 2001 are the apparent reasons behind the slow growth of built-up areas after 2003. Facilitating new residential and commercial nodes emerging in outskirts areas of the city, continuing strict land use zoning regulations within the city, preserving and increasing existing urban vegetation cover, introducing green parking lots are some applicable strategies to minimize the land conversion further and to minimize the adverse impacts of the land use/land cover changes on the city
Mathematical Modelling of Dynamic Behavior of Droplets of Saliva as a Vehicles for Respiratory Pathogens Transmission
Get PDFThis study performs an analytical description of the dynamic behavior of the droplets and the effect of the environmental air temperature on their drop time and horizontal velocity to highlight some aspects that improve the fight against the spread of the respiratory pathogens, such as the COVID-19, between humans. According to this study, when the droplet exits the human body, its horizontal velocity reduces drastically. The smaller the size of the droplets, the higher is the rate of this decay. The droplets achieve its largest horizontal range instantaneously. Thus, the horizontal displacement for droplets with less than 100 µm in diameter does not exceed 380 mm. However, droplets with larger than 300 µm in diameter have a horizontal range that can reach distances greater than 1600 mm, without significant reduction of their heights to the ground. This can invalid the current rule of social distance (least 1.5 m — 2 m between people). Because of this, if a person is within the horizontal displacement range of a droplet he will be hit in the face which can increase the contagion. The droplets with less than 1 µm in diameter remain airborne for at least 15 hours, which can further increase of contagion by inhalation. The temperature of the environment has a negative influence on droplets drop time. Faced with this, the people in warmer countries can inhale more virus of suspension than those in colder countries. Finally, the higher the environmental air temperature, the lower the horizontal range achieved by the droplets
Analysis of Protein Content, Spectrophotometry FT-IR, and Antibacterial Effects of Earthworm (Eudriluseugenia)
Get PDFThis research to compare effectiveness of coelomic fluid and extract ethanol of Eudriluseugeniae against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as antibacterial. Suggest that protein on Eudriluseugeniae have antibacterial activity.Experimental laboratory with analytical statistic Mann- Whitney with following step of research: (1) Determination of earthworm, (2) Cold shock methods modification to get coelomic fluid, (3) Maceration ethanol 70 % of Eudriluseugeniae.(4) Determination protein content with Kjehdahl methods, (5) Identification absorbance infrared by spectrophotometry FT-IR .(7) Antibacterial assay using disc diffusion against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.The result of this study showed that protein content of coelomic fluid (1.875 %)were higher than ethanol extract (0.437%) of Eudrilus eugenia. Coelomic liquid had no functional group in the chemical compound. However, the ethanol extract showed some functional group includes aliphatic, ethanol, and Amide A group. The antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus from ethanol extract or coelomic liquid of Eudriluseugeniae were similar at equal concentration. It due to p value of analysis was lower than 0.05.Coelomic liquid and ethanol extract had similar antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Identification and Characterization of the Antibacterial Activity of Fungal Metabolites on Contaminants Responsible for Foodborne Diseases
Get PDFThe emergence of new diseases due to recurrent food poisoning nowadays in the face of excessive use of conventional antibiotics leads to the search for new bioactive molecules. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate the antibacterial activity of fungal metabolites on contaminants responsible for food poisoning. To do this, Eight (08) fungal strains belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Nigrospora were used and antibacterial tests were performed on 4 bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Shigella sp, Escherichia coli sp and Salmonella sp) using the agar cylinder method (antibiotic). The results showed that seven (07) fungal isolates have high antibacterial activity with inhibition diameters ranging from 18 to 29 mm on Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 25923; Shigella sp; Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli. Synergistic tests have shown that the combination of 4 to 5 fungal strains could increase bacterial inhibition of Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli which appear resistant to the action of a single fungal strain
State Officials’ Targeted Killings as a Thorn in the International Cooperation Matrix
Get PDFThe focus of this paper is on target killings, particularly on state officials, aimed at neutralizing diplomats through death. Countries often cite various reasons for the killings, such as pursuing economic agenda and protecting nations against terrorism, among others. The paper delves into such justifications and the impacts of killing state officials with a focus on which such murders have on international relations. Besides, the paper focuses on historical discourses, especially those pertaining to the United States of America, which has, in the recent past, been widely cited as a gradually-shifting nation with more killings of other nations\u27 agents. The paper builds on the various international accords that countries subscribe to, which subsequently guide international relations. Besides, the paper builds on the liberal and institutionalism theories of international relations, which are elemental components in understanding how diplomatic ties are supposed to be structured as well as the status quo. Through dissection and contextualization of the theories, this paper pinpoints the weak areas, which give nations the leeway to kill other nations\u27 state officials and what would be different if all nations respected the international relations conventional codes. State officials’ targeted killings are a thorn in the international cooperation matrix
The Solar System Dynamics and Beyond
Get PDFThe Method used here is the continuation of the quantum properties from My first QED paper. It Is therefore advised you read the paper first and then Continue into the new way of measuring and describing the properties of Sun and it’s planets. The classical way of geometrical and metric suited of fluid dynamics here is absent as I have used Energy Charge and Gravity along with the force to define the properties of the Sun and the solar bodies. The description is in Mathematics and the equations give results matching the present observations and known facts. Some are a bit confusing, but I wrote it as I understood it should be. Even though the answer does not match the classical way of calculating things it\u27s been described where is the difference. And why , such as mass is not what you think you are calculating. A Bold claim to the hosts of science, the book holders and the rest of the papers. But it describes why the planets compounds are such as the notions of it being true. It discusses with the methodology of the absolute properties of the sun and its planets that re to be measured by the satellites sent into space and with modern equipment. However this method introduces a new way of thinking, such as why the size of the planet is measured the value it is. could it have been a little smaller or a little bigger? Could its gravity be a little different but why is it so that its gravity is weak. How many types of planets can there be, as assumed from these calculations. Are there just planets and stars in the galaxy? And what are they made of. Why do they spin. Why does it attract or retract. Why is it so that the mass and the weight are different. And why does it all fall into a fathomable scale. What is a jump. And what is a jump down. What is the speed of light and what is void. What and how the galaxy is spinning and against what properties. Is it a black hole you are triggering to find out or its it simply a quantic phenomenon. All these and more discussed in a formalized way that one does not have to calculate gaseous planets and the rigid bodies in a different formula, all can be calculated in a comprehendible formula that is easily understood in plain language of simple mathematics of multiplication and division of retiree ratios and the compound catalyst that is a mystery till we experimentally find these phenomenons to be true. Until then this is a theory of the solar system and its dynamics. The galaxy and the void
Liver and Kidney Biochemical Profile of Typhoid Fever Patients at the Dschang District Hospital, West Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFBackground: Typhoid fever remains prevalent in developing countries and most often affects liver and kidney. This study aimed to assess biochemical disturbances of the liver and kidney in patients with typhoid fever at the Dschang District Hospital, appreciate the implication of the disease duration as well as the type and the duration of treatment.Methods and materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dschang District Hospital, Cameroon. A total of 263 participants and a structure questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data. Stool culture was used for the diagnosis of typhoid fever. Liver and kidney biomarkers were access using spectrophotometric technic. Results: By these technics, 112 healthy individuals (Control Group, CG), and 151 patients diagnosed with typhoid fever (Study Group, SG) were obtained. A significant lower level of albumin (p<0.05) was noted in SG compare to CG while other biochemical parameters of the liver and kidney function (ALT, AST, T-BILI, C-BILI, ALP, ?-GT, urea and creatinine) presented a significant higher levels at varying degrees, especially for ALT (p <0.001), AST, ALP, urea and creatinine (p <0.01), T-BILI, C-BILI and ?-GT (p <0.05). Relatively to the variation of biochemical parameters with respect to the duration of illness in the patients before their arrival to the hospital, except albumin which had a significant (p<0.05) decreased level from the first to the third week of the disease, ALT and AST had a significant (p<0.05) increased level from the first to the third week of the disease and, T-BILI, C-BILI, UC-BILI, ALP and ?-GT from the second to the third week of the disease. Relatively to the type of drug intake, the serum level of ALT, ?-GT, albumin and creatinine were significantly increased (p<0.05) with fluoroquinolones and indigenous (medicinal plants) intake while the serum level of AST, T-BILI, C-BILI, UC-BILI, ALP, urea and creatinine clearance were significantly (p<0.05) increased only with indigenous intake. Relatively to the duration of treatment, except creatinine clearance that significantly (p<0.05) decreased at the third week of treatment, the serum level of ALAT, ASAT, C-BILLI, ALP, ?-GT and albumin were significantly (p<0.05) increased from the first to the third week of the treatment, the serum level of T-BILI, UC-BILI and urea from the second to the third week of the treatment, and the serum level of creatinine at the third week of the treatment. There was a significant correlation between disease duration, drug intake duration and the serum level of ALT, AST, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin, ALP, ?-GT, urea, creatinine, albumin and creatinine clearance.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that typhoid fever negatively affects the proper functioning of the liver and kidneys, which varies depending on the duration of the illness, self-medication with conventional drugs such as fluoroquinolones and medicinal plants, and the duration of treatment
Climate Change Perception and Adaptation Strategies of Southwest Coastal Bangladesh
Get PDFBangladesh is cited as one of the most vulnerable countries to the impacts of climate change. Climate change poses serious impacts on agricultural sustainability, food security, natural resources and rural livelihood pattern. The study investigates farmers’ perception to climate change and their agricultural adaptation in the coastal area of Bangladesh. Two hundred household survey were conducted in Satkhira and Barguna district. Study revealed that farmers were well aware of climate change and they observed an increased temperature, rainfall, number of cyclones, flood intensity etc. over the years in the study area. Farmers’ thought that weed and pest infestation, disease outbreak and pesticide use have been increased due to the change in temperature and rainfall. Water logging, cyclone, river erosion and salinity were identified as the major environmental problems in the study area. However, the study identified 28 adaptation strategies that have been adopted by the farmers to reduce the impact of climate change. Crop diversification, introduction of new crops that can resist climatic stress, crop rotation, mix cropping, change in planting and harvesting date, shortening growing season, homestead gardening, application of organic fertilizers and pesticide, increased use of irrigation, different soil conservation techniques and income diversification were found as the most common adaptation measures. The results of the regression analysis showed that socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers (age, education, farming status and experience, farm income etc.) and their perception to climate change influenced the farmers in choosing different adaptation strategies. The adaptation measures were economically profitable as well as agriculturally sustainable though lack of experience and knowledge, agricultural extension services, availability of inputs and lack of credit facilities were identified as the major challenges in the area