American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS)
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A New Way of Looking at the Collatz Conjecture
Get PDFThe Collatz conjecture is named after a mathematician Lothar Collatz who introduced the conjecture in 1937. The Collatz conjecture which remains an unsolved problem in mathematics today, also known as the “3n + 1 conjecture”, explains about a sequence defined as follows: Start with any positive integer, the starting integer can be an even number or an odd number. Consider a number n, if the number n is even, divide it by 2. If the number n is odd, triple it and add one. Further, it states that regardless of the choice of n, after some iterations of the conjecture, the number no matter what value of a positive n is chosen, the sequence from the number chosen, projecting between lower and peak values will eventually attains the value of 1. Once reaching the value of 1 it will cycle through the values 1, 4, 2 indefinitely. The projections of numbers involved in this conjecture is sometimes referred to as “hailstone numbers” [1] because of the different projections of each number in multiple descents and ascents before reaching the number 1. I believe that the ideas here represent an interesting new approach towards understanding the Collatz conjecture’s sequences of numbers, especially the effect of the properties of even numbers divisible by 6, odd numbers divisible by 3, prime numbers and a set pattern in the projections in a certain arrangement. Following the theme, here in this article a defined pattern in the sequence of the projections which eluded mathematicians for years are discussed. This had also been computer tested and verified as true to 268 in 2020
Human Resource Management Process and Implementation of Electronic Teacher Appraisal and Development Programme in Public Primary Schools
Get PDFTeachers are seen as change agents in the development of knowledge, skills and attitude, and are required to develop professionally throughout their life in a sustainable manner. The purpose of the study was to assess how human resource management process influenced implementation of e-TPAD programme; The research employed descriptive survey and correlational research design. The target population of 411 comprising of all 400 teachers in Kisasi sub-county, 11 education officers (3 CSOs, 3 County education staff, and 5 headquarter staff) who were closely involved in implementation of e-TPAD programme. A sample size of 211 comprising of 200 teachers selected using stratified random sampling and proportionate approach and 11 education officers identified using census survey. Questionnaire, interview guide and document analysis were the main tools employed to gather data, which were piloted to ensure they were reliable and valid. Collected data was analyzed by use of SPSS where both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. Frequencies, Means and Standard Deviations presented the descriptive statistics while inferential statistical tests were presented using Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient and regression analyses. Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient was applied to test null hypothesis was tested using. The results indicated r=.376; r2=.142; B=.259; F(1,186)= 30.712; t=5.542, at p=0.000<0.05, implying there was a statistical significant relationship between HRM process and implementation of e-TPAD programme at 95% confidence level and therefore the null hypothesis was rejected. Based on the findings it is therefore recommended that, for implementation to be fast tracked and succeed, proper human resource management planning, acquisition and well team management should be considered at the initial stages of the project. 
Determination of Markov Chain Transition Probabilities for Daily Rainfall Data in Jordan
Get PDFThis study aims to determine Markov chain transition probabilities for daily rainfall data of 39 meteorological stations across Jordan. Two states were imposed to the chains, namely dry and wet, and first order was used as the dependence structure. This leads to four transition probabilities for each station in each month, namely dry-to-dry (pdd), dry-to-wet (pdw), wet-to-dry (pwd), and wet-to-wet (pww). In the end of the study, it is concluded that pdd > pdw for all stations in all months, and pww ? pwd in only 15.1% of the times, which are concentrated in the middle of the rainy season (i.e., December–March) at North of Jordan. Also, all months tend to be dry in the long term, especially October, November, April, and May. Most of the expected dry spell lengths range from 5 to 100 days, while the expected wet spell lengths range mostly from 1 to 2 days, which indicates the tendency of the Jordanian weather to be dry across the country
Anemic Syndrome Revealing Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Right Heart: About Clinical Case with Literature Review
Get PDFRhabdomyosarcoma is one of the most common primary cardiac tumors in children and adolescents alongside lymphomas. The diagnosis is based on a bundle of clinical, biological and histological arguments. Cardiac imaging, dominated by MRI, plays a key role in the tissue characterization of masses Therapeutic management is based on chemotherapy and the most complete surgical resection possible. We report the case of a rhabdomyosarcoma of the right atrium with pulmonary metastases in a 16-year-old girl revealed by a severe anemic syndrome with hemoptysis
Influence of Peer Pressure on Alcohol Use Disorder among Street Youth in Slum Areas of Kariobangi Sub-County, Embakasi Nairobi County, Kenya
Get PDFThe research endeavored to evaluate the influence of noble pressure on alcohol use disorder among street youth in slum areas of Kariobangi Sub-County within Nairobi County in Kenya. The research objectives entailed: to analyze the types of noble pressure, to examine the factors that facilitated to disorder due alcohol use, to discuss the effects of alcohol use disorder, and to suggest measures that would be embraced to minimize cases of alcohol use disorder among the street youth. Phenomenological design and qualitative techniques were used for data collection, analysis and presentation. Stratified chance sampling methods were utilized to obtain 200 study participants. The study findings revealed six types of noble pressures that were embraced among street youth namely positive noble pressure, negative noble pressure, indirect noble pressure, direct noble pressure, verbal and unspoken noble pressure. Moreover, the study findings revealed that noble pressure, stress-free induction, media influence, availability and affordability of alcohol, anxiety and curiosity factors led the street youth to alcohol use disorder. Lastly, the study findings revealed the following effects of alcohol use disorder among the street youth: death, poor health, and loss of memory, poor judgment, poor personal hygiene, and upsurge in crimes, rape cases, unprotected sex, and unwanted pregnancy among street youth. Thus, the researcher suggested for promoting positive noble pressure, seeking counseling services, provision of basic needs, using rehabilitation centers for alcohol addicts, creating awareness and advocacy against alcohol use disorder among the street youth, and the government, NGOs and Faith-Based organizations to reduce the number of street youth.  
Experimental Verification of the Contacts of High Voltage Disconnect Switches when Subjected to Forced Harmonic Vibration
Get PDFThe present study aimed to find, through field tests, the dynamic response of a high voltage disconnect switch when exposed to forced vibration. A unidirectional motovibrator was used to generate harmonic vibration at three different frequencies and to measure the response through accelerometers and the displacement of the moving contact in relation to the fixed contact in the closing direction of the disconnector. Among the frequencies tested are 24 Hz, 34 Hz and 43,5 Hz, being the frequency of 34 Hz the one that best used the energy generated by the motovibrator, presenting positive results in closing, except for the excessive time to do so. The frequency of 43,5 Hz had the best performance for the correct closing of the disconnector, taking little time to complete closing, however the values of g force were high, which could jeopardize the structural integrity of the disconnector, in addition to the lower usage of the energy generated by the vibrator
The Role of Solar Power in Enhancing Sustainable Energy in Electricity Generation Mix Across Ghana
Get PDFSustainable energy is a key driver in the preservation of the environment and the development of Economies, and Society. Sustainable energy, solar power is one of them, is more concerned with how energy needs can be met today, and tomorrow for generations yet unborn. Energy supply from sustainable sources is significant for United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) because of its clean and climate action. Therefore, the study examined a qualitative assessment of solar energy’s role in enhancing energy security, and environmental sustainability in the electricity generation mix in Ghana. The research uncovers some findings through a qualitative analysis of downloaded papers from the Energy Commission of Ghana and the Ministry of Energy to supplement peer-reviewed scholarly literature. The study revealed that solar energy installed and connected to the grid is 143.9 MW representing 3% of the electricity generation mix despite Ghana’s substantial solar energy potential. The 143.9 MW is insufficient to guarantee the country\u27s energy security. Again, it was discovered that in response to the global call for a cohesive approach to tackle the challenges of climate change, developing more solar energy would offset the country from millions of tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions. This would save the environment and contribute favourably to Ghana\u27s Nationally Determined Contribution in response to the Paris agreement in 2015. An effective solar energy master plan is needed for the massive development of solar energy because of the abundance of solar potential in Ghana
Aquatic Macrophytes Composition and Diversity in Selected Sites of Lumbocan River, Butuan City, Agusan del Norte, Philippines
Get PDFThe aquatic macrophyte species has a great significant impact to the aquatic ecosystem as they plainly provide shelter for young fishes and other aquatic organisms. This study aimed to assess and evaluate the composition and diversity of macrophyte species in selected sites of Lumbocan River, Butuan City, Agusan del Norte, Philippines. The sampling sites were located near the roadway and considered to be swamp area, also it was primarily located along the middle point of Lumbocan River. Nonetheless, the researchers were utilized quadrat sampling as one of the classic tools used in ecology especially determining the diversity of a specific area. A total of 6 species aquatic macrophytes belonging to 6 families and 3 divisions was primarily collected and plainly identified at the study location. The division of Magnoliophyta had three-identified aquatic macrophytes that includes Pistia stratiotes (Araceae), Ipomea pes-caprae (Convolvulaceae), Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae). While, the division of Pteridophyta had 2 species of aquatic macrophytes, this includes Ceratopteris thalictroides (Parkeriaceae) and Salvinia molesta (Salviniaceae). Lastly, the division of Tracheophyta had only 1 aquatic macrophyte, the Euryale ferox (Nymphaeaceae). Overall species diversity of the study sites is also in medium diversity of 1.745 because most likely the macrophyte communities were similar in all transects. Hence, the research study might be used as a baseline for future research, specifically in the context of the ecosystem services, sustainable macrophytes species monitoring and conservation programmes
Dimensional Accuracy and Final Density Measurement of One-, Three-, and Eight-Unit Fixed Dental Frameworks Based on Co-Cr, Manufactured by Using Conventional, Additive and Subtractive Technologies
Get PDFFor the aim of this study, 90 fixed metal frameworks based on Co-Cr were made by using conventional lost vax technique, additive 3D printing done by Selective Laser melting (SLM) technique and subtractive manufacturing using CNC milling. Constructions were produced by the Ceramill Motion 2 milling machine (Amann Girrbach) and Mlab Cusing R 3D printer (GE Additive). Samples were made as one-, three- and eight-unit frameworks based on existing clinical cases. Initial stl. model was built up on a scanned plaster model of three clinical cases by ZirconZahn Modellier software. Evaluation of dimensional accuracy was made by comparison of initial stl. model with a scan of manufactured framework and analyzed by measurement software. Density measurements were made by helium (He) based gas pycnometry. Gained data was statistically analyzed by using T-test and F-test for technologies comparison and non-parametric form of ANOVA: Kruskal Wallis was applied in density evaluation of all samples
A New Proposal for Adjusting the Load-Settlement and Ultimate Load Using the Logistic Adjustment
Get PDFThe subsoil of the city of Recife is heterogeneous with deposits of soft soil scattered over the plain of the city at least 50% of its extension. In addition to layers of soft materials, stratigraphic profiles containing shells, coral fragments, sands and silts are found. Due to this heterogeneity of the subsoil profile and the real state increase, there was a considerable increase in constructions associated with land with low resistance. This fact favors the use of different types of foundation for each type of construction/terrain. The present work aims to propose a logistic adjustment developed by Verhulst, to be used as an adjustment of the load-settlement curve and to obtain the rupture load from static load tests. In order to validate the proposal, data from an infrastructure construction executed in Recife-PE, Brazil, with 822 laminated metallic piles in soft soil with low bearing capacity, considering the subsoil characterization tests (Standard Penetration Test), six static load tests (SLT) and nine dynamic load tests (DLT). The adjustment of the load-settlement curve obtained by the proposal shows that the load capacity values ??are very close to those measured by the DLT, while the average of the rupture loads obtained by the Van Der Veen method is double that found by the DLT; and coefficient of variation seven times greater. It is the first time that the Logistic Adjustment is used for applications in foundations and the proposal is very promising