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The challenges faced by patients with hereditary myopathy during the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textBackground: Neuromuscular diseases are inherited and the prevalance of neuromuscular disease is estimated to be around 1:2000. Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted with a qualitative research model. Data were collected from patients with an online survey using the snowball sampling method. The study was conducted in accordance with the STROBE checklist methodology. Frequencies and percentages were used to analyse demographic data, and content analysis was used for qualitative opinions. Results: Most of the participants were men and their education levels were low. Participants reported experiencing physical and socio-economic barriers to accessing healthcare. Participants also stated that these barriers have worsened since COVID-19. Conclusions: Patients with hereditary myopathy are stigmatised by society and face different problems depending on the type of disease and level of function. It is recommended that decision-makers enable patients with hereditary myopathy in exceptional situations to access healthcare services and take steps to resolve their problems
Mechanical properties of Okuzgozu (Vitis vinifera L. cv.) grapevine canes
Get PDFBackground: The mechanical properties of Okuzgozu grapevine canes influence pruning and harvesting techniques, grape quality, and the feasibility of using mechanical harvesters. Methods: This study determined the optimal cutting qualities for the native Okuzgozu grape variety (Vitis vinifera L.) over a range of phenological stages and cane diameters. The cutting tests of canes were performed at different growth periods (veraison, 15 days after veraison and harvesting time). A universal material testing equipment was used to investigate the cutting characteristics of the material. Results: The results indicate that both phenological stages and diameter significantly impacted measured cutting characteristics of grapevine canes. Cutting strength, cutting force, cutting energy and upper bio-yield force gradually decreased with phenological stages. All average maximum values were obtained during the veraison stage. At this stage, the highest values for cutting strength, cutting force, cutting energy, and upper yield were measured at 13.16 MPa, 774.55 N, 5.94 J, and 631.60 N, respectively. The lowest values were recorded at 9.63 MPa, 568.42 N, 3.33 J, and 513.13 N. A close relationship was observed between cane diameter and cutting energy. The energy requirement decreased linearly with decreasing cane diameter. Conclusion: The maximum cutting energy and force values were calculated at an internode 5 (IN5) as 7.34 J and 995.49 N respectively, the minimum cutting energy and force values were calculated at internode 1 (IN1) as 1.85 J and 385.52 N, respectively
Sefalometrik Görüntülerde Ortodontik İskeletsel Sınıflamanın Federe Derin Öğrenme Tabanlı Yöntemlerle Yer İşareti Tespitine Gerek Kalmadan Algılanması
No full text25.02.2024ISBI ve Dicle veri setlerinden elde edilen sefalometrik görüntüler kullanılarak ortodontik iskelet sınıflandırması için Federe Evrişisimsel Sinir Ağları (ESA) modellerinin etkinliğini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Temel DenseNet121 modeli ve ?Kanal Dikkat?, ?Uzamsal Dikkat?, ?Sıkma Uyarma? ile ?Uzamsal Piramit Havuzlama? gibi belirli ESA bloklarını içeren gelişkin versiyonları sınıflandırma amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Modeller, Merkezi Öğrenme (MÖ), Yerel Öğrenme (YÖ) ve Federe Öğrenme (FÖ) mimarilerde değerlendirilmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Gelişkin DenseNet121 modelleri, temel modelle karşılaştırıldığında %24'ün üzerinde bir değer ile önemli bir doğruluk artışı gözlemlenmiştir. Özellikle, Uzamsal Dikkat ile artırılmış DenseNet121_SA modeli, ISBI veri setinde YÖ mimarisine göre %19 gibi dikkate değer bir performans artışı göstermiştir. Ayrıca, Uzamsal Dikkat ve Sıkma Uyarma ile artırılmış DenseNet121_SA_SE modeli, aynı ISBI veri setinde YÖ ayarlarına göre %18'lik etkileyici bir performans kazancı sergilemiştir. Federe ESA modellerinin, özellikle DenseNet121_SA ve DenseNet121_SA_SE olmak üzere, ortodontik iskelet sınıflandırma alanında umut vadettiği gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışma için derlenen ve etiketlenen Dicle veri setinin proje sonunda paylaşılması, yapay zeka temelli ortodontik diş görüntü analizi çalışmaları açısından önemli bir kaynak olacak ve bu alanda zamanla daha kesin teşhislerin konulmasının önünü açacaktır. Elde edilen bulgular, FÖ?nün ortodonti ile ilgili yapay zeka çalışmalarındaki ölçeklenebilirlik ve veri mahremiyeti konularındaki rolünü de göstermektedir
Effect of 4 Hz and multifrequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on bone fracture healing
No full textPulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) have been used in bone fracture healing for many years. However, it is still not clear which frequencies are more effective. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of single frequency of 4 Hz and a package of multiple frequencies (220 Hz, 727 Hz, 880 Hz and 10 kHz) on bone fractures of rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, R4 and RM. A transverse osteotomy was created in the right medial tibias diaphysis of each rat under anesthesia. The right tibia of the rats in the R4 and RM groups was exposed to 4 Hz, and a package of multiple frequencies, respectively. The rats in both irradiation groups were exposed to a pulsed magnetic field with an amplitude of 10 mT for 1 h/day during 1 month under anesthesia with ketamine (90 mg/kg, i.p.) and xylazine hydrochloride (9 mg/kg, i.p.). The rats in the sham group were kept under the same experimental conditions without any field exposure. At the end of the study, the right tibia of each rat was removed and bone healing was evaluated histopathologically and radiologically, and the concentrations of some elements were measured, such as Na, Mg, K, Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, Se, Ca and P. The results showed that 4 Hz exposure was more effective in bone fracture healing than the other frequencies in this study. Further studies need to be conducted to determine the mechanisms underlying the effect of 4 Hz PEMF
Common viral respiratory infections in children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter study from Türkiye
No full textBackground. Microbiologic confirmation of respiratory tract infections gained importance during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study retrospectively evaluated seasonal distribution, clinical presentation, and complications of respiratory viral infections (RVIs) other than COVID-19 in children with cancer during and after the pandemic lockdown. Methods. Two hundred and sixty-five inpatient and outpatient RVI episodes in 219 pediatric cancer patients confirmed by multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) panels from 13 centers were enrolled. Results. Eighty-six (32.5%) of the total 265 episodes occurred in 16 months corresponding to the lockdowns in T & uuml;rkiye, and the remaining 67.5% in 10 months thereafter. Human rhinovirus/enterovirus (hRE) (48.3%) was the most common agent detected during and after lockdown. Parainfluenza virus (PIV) (23.0%), influenza virus (9.8%), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (9.1%) were the other common agents. The 28.7% of episodes were lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), and complications and mortality were higher than upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) (25.0% vs 5.3%). Bacteremia was identified in 11.5% of culture-drawn episodes. Treatment delay in one-third and death within four weeks after RVI in 4.9% of episodes were observed. Conclusion. During the pandemic, fewer episodes of RVIs occurred during the lockdown period. Respiratory viruses may cause complications, delays in treatment, and even death in children with cancer. Therefore, increased awareness of RVIs and rapid detection of respiratory viruses will benefit the prevention and, in some cases, abrupt supportive and some antiviral treatment of RVI in children with cancer
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ACE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY, ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY, AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF POLAR AND NON-POLAR EXTRACTS OF ZIZIPHUS JUJUBA FRUIT: STATISTICAL SCREENING THE MAIN COMPONENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR BIOACTIVITY
No full textHerein, the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol contents (TPC), and phytochemical profiles of polar and non-polar extracts of dried Ziziphus jujuba fruits were investigated, along with the statistical determination of the main components responsible for ACE inhibitory activity. The non-polar extract expressed the strongest ACE inhibitory activity (99.81%) among the extracts. The non-polar extract also exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 of 30.63), linoleic acid/β-carotene bleaching capacity (89.31%), and TPC (59.47 mg GAE/g). The phenolic profiles of the extracts were identified by LC-MS/MS, and the presence of seven triterpenoid species in the extracts was examined using GC-MS techniques. The principal constituents included 19 phenolics, 2 organic acids, and 4 triterpenoids. A Pearson correlation and principal component analysis were conducted to find the correlation between individual phenolic compounds and ACE inhibitory activity
COL12A1 gene variant and a review of the literature: A case report of ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy
No full textIntroduction: Mutations in collagen type IV-associated genes lead to Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM). COL12A1 gene mutations have rarely been reported in patients with UCMD- and BM-like disorders not involving COL6 mutations. UCMD-2 results from homozygous mutations in the COL12A1 gene on the long arm of chromosome 6. Pathogenic variants in COL12A1 result in a rare congenital connective tissue/myopathy overlap syndrome under the heading of myopathic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. COL12A1 dominant pathogenic variants have been rarely reported, and the phenotypic spectrum has not yet been identified. Case Presentation: We describe a female patient aged 2 years and 10 months exhibiting a milder phenotype who presented due to pronounced joint hyperlaxity, frequent falls, and skin lesions. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous c.8903C>T (p.Pro2968Leu) missense variant that had previously been described but concerning which there had been no clinical report, in the COL12A1 gene. Discussion/Conclusion: This report is presented in order to raise awareness of rare mutations in the COL12A1 gene that affect muscle and connective tissue and to add to the literature in defining the phenotypic spectrum
Pathogenicity assessment of a bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1l (BVDV-1l) strain in experimentally infected calves
No full textBovine viral diarrhea is a widespread and economically important viral disease for livestock which can cause clinically diverse manifestations. The number of established BVDV subgenotypes has increased, not only the serological relationships of recently described subgenotypes but virulence and pathogenic characteristics have not yet been mostly elaborated. The dominant BVDV subgenotype in Turkiye was elaborated to be BVDV-1l, that involves more than half of field strains and there is no scientific data to identify the pathogenicity of this strain so far. This study investigated the pathogenicity of a selected field strain (TR-72) from subgenotype BVDV-1l. Experimental infection was implemented by intranasal inoculation of the strain TR-72 (10 ×105.5) to four young calves which were previously not vaccinated and were free both for BVDV antibodies and antigens. Clinical changes as well as blood parameters, body temperature, and viremia were monitored for 14 days. Only mild clinical signs associated with respiratory signs of BVDV infection were observed. Detected clinical signs included nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, cough, fatigue, high rectal temperature reaching 40.7 ℃, and white blood cell counts depression started from the 2nd day and 40.4% decreased between the 12th and 14th days post-infection (poi). The presence of viremia was investigated by virus isolation, RT-PCR, and real-time RT-PCR from blood samples. The efficiency of experimental infection was established not only by observed clinical signs but also by virus isolation from blood leukocytes between the 5th and 8th days poi., virus detection was obtained by real-time PCR between the 3rd - 13th days poi. Besides, the recorded mild clinical signs, high fever, long duration of viremia , and high decrease in blood parameters obtained in this study, it was shown that the noncytopathogenic BVDV-1l strain TR-72 has a moderate virulence in naïve cattle.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye 119 O 57
Karbapenem Dirençli Enterobacterales Bakteri İzolatlarında Antibiyotik Duyarlılığı
No full textAmaç: Çalışmada, 2021 yılında laboratuvarımıza gelen farklı klinik ve poliklinik örneklerinden izole edilen karbapenem dirençli Enterobacterales (KDE)üyelerinin antibiyotik direnç durumlarının hastane ve toplumsal kökenli olmalarına göre araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Hastanelerimizin Merkez Laboratuvarında 2021 yılında izole edilen 2195 Enterobacterales üyesi bakteriden karbapenem direnci olan 185’i çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tür tanımlanması için Maldi-TOF Biotyper 3,1 (Bruker, Daltonics, ABD) ve Phoenix 100 (BD, ABD) otomatize sistemleri ile yapıldı. Antibiyotik duyarlılık testleri için Phoenix 100 (BD, ABD) otomatize sistemi kullanıldı. İzole edilen ve etken olarak tanımlanan bakterilerin antimikrobiyal duyarlılık durumları EUCAST 2020 kriterlerine göre değerlendirildi. Bulgular: İzolatların %56,3’ü E. coli, %28,7’si K. pneumoniae olarak tanımlanmıştır. İzolatların 185’inde (%8,4) karbapenem direnici tespit edilmiştir. K. pneumoniae izolatlarında karbapenem direnci %9 iken E. coli izolatlarında %4 bulunmuştur. Karbapenem dirençli 185 Enterobacterales izolatında, karbapenemler arasında en yüksek direnç ertapeneme (%94,6) karşı gözlenirken imipeneme %38,2, meropeneme ise %33,7 oranında direnç saptanmıştır. Hastane ve toplum kökenli izolatlarda ertapenem direnci sırasıyla %94,9 ile %93,9, imipenem direnci sırasıyla; %46,7 ve %22,2 meropenem direnci ise %42,9 ve %16,1 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Amikasin, karbapenem dirençli Enterobacterales izolatlarında en yüksek duyarlılık oranına (%80,5) sahip antibiyotik olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen veriler ile literatür sonuçlarıyla büyük oranda benzerlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda aminoglikozid grubu antibiyotiklerin etkinliği nedeniyle, KDE enfeksiyonu şüphesinde ampirik tedavide kullanılacak antibiyotik kombinasyonlarında aminoglikozid grubu antibiyotiklere yer verilmesinin uygun olacağı düşünülmüştür
Semin el-Halebî's work called "Umdah al-huffāz fī tafsīr al-ashraf al-alfāz" and his method
No full textSemîn el-Halebî'nin 'Umdetü'l-huffâz fî tefsîri eşrefi'l-elfâz adlı eseri ve metodu hakkında yaptığımız bu çalışma bir giriş ve dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. Girişte araştırmanın konusu ve önemi, metodu, kaynakları ve araştırmayla ilgili yapılan çalışmalar ele alınmıştır. Birinci bölümde VIII/XIV. Yüzyılda yaşamış çok yönlü bir âlim ve kendisinden sonra birçok âlimi etkileyen Semîn el-Halebî'nin yaşadığı dönem, hayatı, hocaları, talebeleri, ilmi kişiliği ve tefsirciliği, eserleri ve 'Umdetü'l-huffâz isimli eseri ve kaynakları işlenmiştir. İkinci bölümde Semîn'in 'Umdetü'l-huffâz'daki metodu, 'Umdetü'l-huffâz'ın Herevî'nin el-Garîben ve Râğıb'ın el-Müfredât adlı eserleriyle mukayesesi, onu diğer garîbü'l-Kur'ân türü eserlerden ayıran özellikler, emsallerinden farklı olarak kelimelere yaklaşımı, garîbü'l-Kur'ân eserlerine katkısı açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca bu bölümde Semîn'den etkilenip ondan alıntı yapan veya 'Umdetü'l-huffâz hakkında değerlendirmelerde bulunan âlimlere de değinilmiştir. Semîn bu eserinde kelimeleri açıklarken alfabetik bir sırayı takip etmiş ve kelimelerin geçtiği âyetleri zikretmiş, kelimelerin anlamlarını detaylı bir şekilde açıklamış, bazen de kelimelerin asıl anlamını belirlemeye çalışmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde 'Umdetü'l-huffâz'ın dilsel yönü ele alınmıştır. Kur'ân'ın anlaşılması için Arap dilinin önemi vurgulanmış ve genel olarak Semîn'in dilciliği üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca 'Umdetü'l-huffâz'ın dil ilimlerine bakışı yönü bağlamında lafızların delâletine yaklaşımı, nahiv-sarf ve belâgat anlatılmıştır. Bu bölümde Semîn'in, bu eserinde dil konularını ustaca kullandığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Dördüncü bölümde ise 'Umdetü'l-huffâz'ın tefsir ve ulûmü'l-Kur'ân yönü incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda rivâyet tefsirine de başvuran Semîn'in asıl tefsirciliğini dirâyette gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. 'Umdetü'l-huffâz, her ne kadar ulûmü'l-Kur'ân kitabı olmasa da âyetler bağlamında birçok yerde ulûmü'l-Kur'ân konularına değinmiştir.This study we have done about Semin el-Halebî's work called "Umdah al-huff?z f? tafs?r al-ashraf al-alf?z" and his method consists of an introduction and four chapters. The introduction provides an overview of the subject and importance of the research, the methodology employed, the resources used and studies related to research. The first chapter of this study concerns the period in which al-Sam?n al-Halab? who was a sophisticated scholar lived in the VIII/XIV century and influenced many scholars after himself, including a discussion of his life, his teachers, his students, his scientific personality, his tafsir, his works, and his Umdat al-huff?z and its sources. In the second chapter of this study explained Sam?n al-Halab?'s methodology in Umdah al-huff?z, comparison of Umdah al-huff?z with Haravî's al-Garîbayn and Râgib's al-Mufradât, the features that distinguish it from other Garîb al-Qur'an works, its approach to words unlike its counterparts and his contribution to the works of the Garîb al-Qur'an. In addition, in this section, scholars who were influenced by Samîn and quoted from her or made evaluations about 'Umdetü'l-huffâz are also mentioned.This section also mentions the scholars who were influenced by al-Sam?n and quoted from him or made evaluations about "Umdah al-huff?z." While explaining the words in this work, Samîn followed an alphabetical order, cited the verses in which the words were mentioned, explained the meanings of the words in detail, and sometimes tried to determine the actual meaning of the words. In the third chapter, the linguistic aspect of "Umdah al-huff?z discussed. The importance of the Arabic language for understanding the Qur'?n is emphasized, and Sam?n's general approach to linguistics is discussed. In addition, in the context of 'Umdah al-huff?z's perspective on linguistic sciences, her approach to the meaning of words, nahw-sarf and rhetoric are explained. In this section, it is concluded that Samîn used language issues skillfully in this work. In the fourth chapter, the tafsir and ul?m al-Qur??n aspects of "Umdah al-huff?z" were analyzed. In this context, it has been determined that Samîn, who also applied to narrated exegesis, showed his true exegesis in dirayah tafsir (ray tafsir). Even though 'Umdah al-huffâz is not a book of ulûm al-Qur'an, it has touched on the subjects of ulûm al-Qur'an in many places in the context of verses