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Design, synthesis, structural characterization, in vitro anticancer activity, and in silico studies of some new hydroxylated and fluorinated-substituted hydrazone derivatives
No full textToday, due to improved lifestyles and increased survival, the number of new cancer cases and cancer-related deaths continues to increase. In this study, novel hydroxylated and fluorinated-substituted hydrazone derivatives bearing an aromatic nitro moiety (2a-d and 3a-d) were designed as potential anticancer drug candidates, synthesized for the first time, and evaluated for their anticancer activity against chondrosarcoma (SW1353), a common primary malignant cartilage-forming tumor, neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y), a type of brain cancer, and healthy (L929) cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method for 24 h. The chemical structures of the target molecules were confirmed by FT-IR, 1D NMR (1Hand 13C- NMR, and APT), 2D NMR (COSY, HETCOR, and HMBC), and elemental analysis. Some of the compounds targeted against these cancer cell lines showed activity greater than 200 mu M, whereas others (2d and 3a) demonstrated significant cytotoxic activity. Among them, compound 3a (IC50 = 9.45 +/- 2.14 mu M), a fluorinatedsubstituted hydrazone derivative, showed significant cytotoxic activity against the human SW1353 cell line compared to cisplatin (IC50 = 11.9 +/- 0.95 mu M). The anti-migratory properties of compounds 2d and 3a in SW1353 cells, were investigated. In particular, compound 3a exhibited anti-migration behavior in SW1353 cells, with a wound closure rate of 22.25 % compared with control cells. Further, scaffolds 2d and 3a exhibited the best docking with target receptor proteins 2OH4 (-8.3 and -8.4 kcal/mol) and 3QX3 (-12.2 and 11.0 kcal/mol), thereby supporting our bioactivity studies. Compounds 2a, 3a, 3b, and 3c showed high gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, with all except 3a being non-permeable to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Most compounds, except 3d, are non-substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). In conclusion, the in vitro and in silico results of some of the tested compounds indicate that they could be promising molecular frameworks for further studies
The Effect of Systemic Inflammation and Clinicopathologic Features on Survival in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Multicenter Analysis
No full textBackground and Objectives: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Identifying reliable prognostic factors is crucial for risk stratification and optimizing treatment strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of clinicopathologic factors and systemic inflammatory markers on survival outcomes in patients with MPM. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study included 217 patients diagnosed with MPM between January 2009 and March 2024. Data on age, gender, histology, disease stage, treatment modalities, and inflammatory markers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) were collected. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods, and prognostic factors were evaluated using Cox regression analysis. Results: CAR was identified as an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Patients with CAR = 2.58, p = 0.040), it did not retain significance in the multivariate model (p = 0.180). Epithelioid histology and early-stage disease were strongly associated with improved survival outcomes (OS: 32.0 vs. 11.0 months for epithelioid vs. non-epithelioid histology, p < 0.001; 32.0 vs. 12.0 months for early-stage vs. metastatic disease, p < 0.001). Conclusions: CAR is a strong independent prognostic factor in MPM, reflecting systemic inflammation and nutritional status. Epithelioid histology and early-stage disease are associated with significantly longer survival, underscoring the critical role of early detection in improving patient outcomes
Revealing the depths of existence through art: The case of Philip Guston
No full textBu makale, Amerikalı ressam Philip Guston’ın serilerini varoluşsal temalar bağlamında ele almaktadır. Philip Guston'ın serileri genel olarak, Amerikan toplumundaki ırkçılık, bağnazlık ve sosyal adaletsizliğin bir incelemesi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışma, Guston’ın kişisel ve siyasi kimliğinin sanatındaki dönüşümü nasıl etkilediğini ve bu dönüşümün sanat tarihinde nasıl bir yer edindiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, Guston’ın eserlerinin estetik ve felsefi boyutları, sanat tarihindeki konumu ve toplumsal mesajları detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmaktadır. Yapılan bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden literatür tarama yapılmış ve eser inceleme yöntemi ile eserler, estetik özellikleri, kullanılan teknikler, tarihi bağlam ve Guston’ın kişisel yaşamı göz önünde bulundurularak incelenmiştir. Bu makale, Philip Guston’ın sanatsal çalışmalarını, sanatın toplumsal adaletsizlikle yüzleşme ve bu sorunlara meydan okuma aracı olabileceğini gösteren önemli bir örnek olarak değerlendirirken, sanatçının eserlerinin sadece sanatsal açıdan değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal mesajlar taşıyan eleştirel bir duruşa sahip olduğunu da vurgulamaktadır. Sonuç olarak Philip Guston’ın sanatsal çalışmaları, sanatın toplumsal adaletsizlikle yüzleşme ve meydan okuma gücünü gösteren önemli bir referans niteliğindedir.This article analyses the series of American painter Philip Guston in the context of existential themes. Philip Guston's series are generally considered as an examination of racism, bigotry, and social injustice in American society. The study aims to reveal how Guston's personal and political identity influenced the transformation of his art and the place this transformation holds in art history. In the study, the aesthetic and philosophical dimensions of Guston's works, their position in art history, and their social messages are discussed in detail; a literature review, one of the qualitative research methods, was conducted and the works were analyzed by considering their aesthetic characteristics, the techniques used, the historical context and Guston's personal life. This article evaluates Philip Guston's artistic works as an important example showing that art can be a means of confronting and challenging social injustice while emphasizing that the artist's works have a critical stance that carries both artistic and social messages. In conclusion, Philip Guston's artistic works are an important reference that shows the power of art in confronting and challenging social injustice
Mardin Kenti
No full textTarihi Mardin kenti, Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nin Dicle bölümünde yer alır.Türkiye’nin ve bölgenin önemli tarihi kentlerinden olan ve 1923 yılında idari olarak il merkezi olan Mardin kentinin 1927 nüfus sayımında 20.000 olan nüfusu 1935'ten sonra artmaya başlamış, 1940-1950 döneminde azalmış, 1950'den sonra ise düzenli artmaya başlayarak 1990 yılında 53.005'e 2000 yılında ise 65.072 ye, 2023 yılında ise 194.073’e ulaşmıştır.
Mardin çevresindeki kıvrım yapıları ve bunlara paralel uzanan faylar bölgenin tektonik açıdan hareketli olduğunu göstermektedir.Genç tektonik hareketlere bağlı olarak yükselen, güneyi faylanan Mardin antiklinali güney kanadında, bu kesimde Kalkerli Midyat formasyonunun da incelme göstermesine ve altta aşınmaya karşı dirençsiz Gercüş formasyonunun ortaya çıkmasına bağlı olarak aşınım dalgası hızla ilerlemiş ve şahit tepeler dizisi ortaya çıkmıştır. Eski Mardin kenti zamnının savunma ihtiyaçlarına bağlı olarak böyle bir şahit tepenin üzerinde kurulmuş ve gelişmiştir.
Mardin, geleneksel mimarinin en çeşitli ve çarpıcı örneklerini barındırmaktadır. Mardin’in mimari tarzı, dünya genelinde yalnızca Kudüs'te görülebilen nadir bir türdür. Artuklu Beyliği döneminde, Mardin’de yoğun bir yapılaşma sürecine girilmiştir. Bu dönemde inşa edilen dini ve sosyal yapılar, işlevleri, planları, formları ve süslemeleriyle Anadolu mimarisi açısından büyük bir önem taşımaktadır.
Mardin evlerinin yapımında en belirleyici unsur, bölgenin iklimi ve topografyasıdır. Kentin bulunduğu arazinin fiziksel özellikleri, konutların kütlesel oluşumunu etkiler. Eğimli bir arazide inşa edilmesi, evlerin genellikle güneye yönelmesini zorunlu kılarken, kısıtlı bir alanda gelişim, yatay yayılma yerine dikey katmanların tercih edilmesine neden olmuştur. Harem-selamlık düzenine sahip evlerin mimarisinde, yüksek taş duvarlarla çevrili avlular ve teraslar, merkezde yer alan geniş mutfaklar gibi özellikler öne çıkmaktadır. Güneye bakan cepheler, bu tasarımda önemli bir rol oynar; yaşam birimleri, eyvan ve revak gibi ana mekânlar genellikle güney cephesinde bir araya gelir. Ayrıca, her yapı, birinci katlarından itibaren diğerinin önünü kapatmaz ve pencereler birbirini görmeyecek şekilde tasarlanmıştır
Evaluation of undergraduate dental students' awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards teledentistry: does a course enhance this?
No full textBACKGROUND: Teledentistry is a part of telemedicine and can be used for dental diagnosis, dental care, consultation, and dental education. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes of undergraduate dental students toward teledentistry, as well as to investigate the influence of enrolling in a teledentistry course on these variables. METHODS: A structured questionnaire-based online survey (Google Form) was used as the survey tool to evaluate the undergraduate dental students' awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards teledentistry. All undergraduate dental students during the 2022-2023 academic year, were invited to join this questionnaire. The questionnaire was posted to the students who agreed to answer the survey online. Associations between categorical variables were evaluated using the Pearson Chi-square test or Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact test. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare two independent groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare more than two independent groups. All analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0 (IBM Corp. Released 2015, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). The significance level was set at p < 0.05 for all analyses. Explanatory factor analysis and item analysis were used for the evaluation of the validity of the questionnaire. RESULTS: There were 293 participants from five classes, with a 36.08% response rate; 190 (64.8%) were female and 103 (35.2%) were male, with a median age of 21 years (minimum 17 years, maximum 44 years). In this study, 37.9% of the participants had heard of teledentistry, 30.7% knew what teledentistry is, approximately one-third of the students were aware that there is a course called teledentistry in our faculty, and only 11.6% took the course. Undergraduate dental students had high levels of knowledge and awareness about the advantages and limitations of teledentistry. Dental students who had taken the course had a more positive attitude towards using teledentistry. CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing dental students' knowledge and awareness of teledentistry could beneficially influence their utilization of teledentistry in their future careers. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: This study is not a clinical trial involving medicinal products or therapeutic interventions, so the clinical trial number is not applicable. © 2025. The Author(s)
Rabies Disease and Prophylaxis Knowledge Among Turkish Medical Students: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study
No full textRabies is a fatal infectious disease that can be prevented with vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of rabies knowledge among medical faculty students. This cross-sectional study included students in the medical faculty of a university hospital. The level of rabies knowledge was evaluated with a questionnaire evaluating 70 parameters. A total of 892 students participated in this study. Medical students knew that dogs and cats transmit rabies at high rates (96.9% and 87.4%, respectively) but understood less about other animals. Pregnancy (45.2%), being >65 years of age, having a chronic disease, and being immunosuppressed were indications for rabies vaccine, with rates between 31.4 and 37.4%. In total, 64.3% of respondents stated that the nearest health center should be approached to seek medical care, without first touching the wound. While indications for vaccination were correctly reported to be high after bites or scratches (74.2-94.6%), such indications were considered to be lower for other types of contact (46.2-66.6%). Indications for rabies immunoglobulin administration were correctly recognized at rates between 15.9% and 57.8%. Overall, the mean rabies knowledge level was 41.82 (Max. score 70). There was a statistically significant relationship between the total and subgroup rabies knowledge scores and class level, having taken a rabies course, a history of dog bites among the respondents or their family members, and possessing information about rabies. It was determined that the rabies knowledge levels among the students were insufficient. Having received lessons about rabies or a history of being bitten by an animal with suspected rabies were found to be important factors for increased knowledge about rabies
GAMIFICATION AND GAME-BASED LEARNING IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION FOR ADVANCING SDG 4: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND QUALITATIVE SYNTHESIS OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH LITERATURE
No full textObjectives: This study investigates how gamification and game-based learning (GBL) contribute to advancing Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) by fostering inclusive, equitable, and high-quality education in mathematics. Theoretical Framework: The research draws on constructivist theories, Self-Determination Theory, and Flow Theory to understand the mechanisms through which educational games enhance learning outcomes. Method: A systematic qualitative synthesis was conducted, analyzing studies published between 2010 and 2023 across databases like ERIC, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Key themes were identified through thematic coding, supported by the CASP qualitative checklist for rigor. Results and Discussion: Findings indicate that gamification improves student engagement, motivation, and achievement. Gamification elements such as points and badges significantly enhance learning experiences. Emerging technologies like VR and AI further amplify the effectiveness of game-based approaches. However, challenges remain in addressing equity in technology access and aligning games with curricula. Research Implications: This review underscores the potential of gamification to support SDG 4 by promoting lifelong learning skills, reducing educational disparities, and fostering inclusivity. Teacher training and policy reforms are critical to scale these approaches effectively. Originality/Value: This research synthesizes contemporary findings to highlight the transformative role of gamification in mathematics education, emphasizing its alignment with the global agenda for sustainable and equitable education. © 2025, Editora Alumni In. All rights reserved
A unified robust hybrid optimized Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy control for hydrogen fuel cell-integrated microgrids
No full textMicrogrids integrating renewable energy sources, hydrogen fuel cells, battery-based energy storage systems (ESS), and various loads have become essential for the seamless incorporation of distributed energy into the grid. Hydrogen fuel cells, in particular, are crucial for providing reliable, clean electricity, especially during periods of reduced renewable energy availability. This paper presents a unified control solution for converters and inverters, utilizing a hybrid optimized Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) fuzzy-based approach to manage ESS operation, with a strong focus on hydrogen fuel cells. The strategy dynamically controls the power generated or stored in the ESS, prioritizing hydrogen fuel cells based on grid demand, available renewable power, and the battery's state of charge (SOC). This method reduces active power exchange at the point of common coupling during grid-connected mode and supports frequency regulation during island mode operations, thereby improving system stability and efficiency. To enhance Fuzzy System (FS) design, a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) and grey wolf optimizer (GWO) approach is applied, accelerating rule generation and optimizing system performance. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed hybrid GGWO-TSK control strategy achieved 97.58% PV and 98.56% wind tracking efficiency, while optimizing hydrogen fuel cell utilization to maintain a 98.88% fuel cell tracking efficiency. This method effectively minimized power exchange, improved frequency regulation, and enhanced microgrid stability, ensuring efficient energy management in both grid-connected and islanded modes. The proposed framework proves to be a robust and scalable solution for hydrogen fuel cell-integrated microgrids, contributing to a more resilient and sustainable energy system under diverse operating scenarios. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LL
Advanced-designed Ru(II) complexes containing phosphinite ligands derived from chiral amino alcohols: Electrochemical behavior, DFT calculations, and biological activity
No full textWe report two phosphinite ligands derived from chiral amino alcohols, and their complexes with ruthenium(II). These compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Then, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and DNA binding activities of the chiral Ru(II)-phosphinite complexes were tested. Complex (1R)-2-{benzyl[(1S)-1(naphthalen-1-yl)ethyl]amino}-1-phenylethyl diphenylphos- phinito[dichloro(eta 6-p-cymene)ruthenium(II)], 7 showed both the highest radical scavenging activity (90.93 +/- 0.98 %) and the highest metal chelating activity (65.45 +/- 1.46 %) at 200.0 mg l-1 concentration. In addition, all of complexes had different rates of binding activity to calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA). Moreover, extensive theoretical and experimental investigations were conducted to gain a more profound understanding of the chemical descriptors and the diverse electronic transitions taking place within the ruthenium complexes, as well as their electrochemical characteristics.Minister of Science and Higher Educa-tion of the Republic of Kazakhstan [AP19578051]; Dicle University [FEN.24.020]The research was funded by Minister of Science and Higher Educa-tion of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No: AP19578051) . Partial supports of this work by Dicle University (Project number: FEN.24.020) is gratefully acknowledged
Examining the plastic surgery treatments applied to upper extremities of Kahramanmaraş earthquake victims with crush injury
No full textAim: This study aims to examine earthquake-related upper extremity orthopedic injuries, and in our clinic, the plastic, reconstructive, and esthetic treatment methods applied to them after the two biggest earthquakes in Kahramanmara & scedil;, Turkey. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study and was conducted with 38 earthquake victims who were treated at the plastic, reconstructive, and esthetic surgery unit of a medical school health and research hospital in the Southeast Anatolia region of Turkey. Patient data were obtained retrospectively from electronic medical records, and descriptive statistical methods, Chi-square test, and post hoc were used for data analysis. Results: Of the earthquake victims, 55% were between 18 and 35 years old, 68% were female, 63% underwent plastic, reconstructive, and esthetic surgery due to upper extremity injuries, 50% had skin grafting, and 15% had amputation. In addition, 18.4% of the earthquake victims underwent surgery 3 times, and 13% were operated on 7 times. Conclusion: Careful attention should be paid to the treatment of upper extremity injuries that occur during major earthquakes. Delayed or inadequate interventions can result in amputation, highlighting the importance of plastic, reconstructive, and esthetic surgeons in disaster response teams. If possible, conservative treatment should be preferred for fractures in disaster environments. Amputation should always be the last treatment option for crush injuries. In cases requiring surgery, time should not be wasted