Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection)
Not a member yet
107 research outputs found
Sort by
New Record of the Egg-larval Parasitoid, Chelonus formosanus Sonan of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in the Philippines
Full text linkThe egg-larval parasitoid on fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) have not reported in the Philippines. This paper summarizes the global biological information on two species of Chelonus and their role in the regulation of FAW. The FAW egg masses and larvae were collected in the corn plantations inside the Lipa Agricultural Research Station, Marawoy, Lipa City, Batangas. The collected egg masses and larvae were reared at the Entomology Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture-Regional Crop Protection Center IVA. The larvae of FAW were observed for the emergence of parasitoids. Two cocoons of the parasitoid from the rearing cages were obtained for species determination. Three adults from the emerged parasitoids, each male and female, were initially preserved and labeled. Color images of habitus and other morphological characters of the parasitoid were taken using a DSLR camera attached to an Olympus SZ61-60 microscope. This research found two species that emerged from FAW: Chelonus formosanus and the new record of C. semihyalinus. We also highlight the need for more research in the Philippines on exploring the diversity of indigenous natural enemies, the development of mass-rearing techniques, and their utilization to manage fall armyworms
Population Distribution of Rats (Rattus argentiventer) and the Damage Intensity on Rice and Other Crops in Pleret, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Full text linkRice field rats is one of the main pests of rice in Indonesia and other Asian countries that can cause a crop failure. The availability food sources might affect the rat foraging in the field. The research aimed to determine the distribution of rat population and their nests in the field with different crop and to examine the level of crop damage caused by rats. The research was conducted from January to April 2023 in Pleret district, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The 1000 m2 TBS (Trap Barrier System) was installed in the middle of the 225 ha observation area to trap rats. Crop damage inside TBS was observed using a diagonal sampling method. Crop damage outside TBS was observed using the line transect method in the 4 cardinal directions with a distance of 250m, 500m, and 750m from TBS. Rat nest’s locations were mapped using GPS. The results showed that the number of rats trapped was low in the early and late stage of rice growth and peaked when the rice aged 12 weeks after planting (WAP). Rice crop damage inside TBS occurred when rice entered 12 WAP. There was no damage on rice crops around the TBS. Rats also attacked corn and sugarcane which caused heavy damage to these crops. There were 157 active holes found in 225ha observation area and they mostly were found in rice field bunds, irrigation embankments, and vacant land. This study implied that understanding the distribution of rat’s population and their nest will support the rat control
Virulence of Five Isolates of The Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, Against Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)
Full text linkThe brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the main pests of rice plants. This pest attack can cause crop failure or puso. Biological control of this pest can be carried out using the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae. The ability of this fungus to control pests is influenced by the source of the isolate. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates of M. anisopliae, which is virulent to N. lugens. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) in six treatments and five replications. There were five isolates of M. anisopliae used and one control. M. anisopliae was applied to nymphs and adults of N. lugens with a concentration of 108 conidia/mL. The research revealed that all M. anisopliae isolates tested were virulent against N. lugens nymphs and adults. The most virulent isolate for the two stages of BPH was Met3B, which was collected from the leek rhizosphere. The isolate caused an adult mortality rate of 52%, nymph mortality of 60% in 10 days after application, and adults formed after application was only 37.33%
Distribution and Attack Rate of Spodoptera frugiperda on Maize in Sijunjung District, West Sumatera Province: Distribusi dan Tingkat Serangan Spodoptera frugiperda pada Tanaman Jagung di Kabupaten Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat
No full text
The density and attack rates of Spodoptera frugiperda have been reported in various maize cultivation in Indonesia, but there has never been a report in Sijunjung District, West Sumatra. The research was conducted to study the attack level, density, and distribution of S. frugiperda in Sijunjung District. The study was carried out in March -May 2023 using a survey method in 8 sub-districts in Sijunjung District. The results showed that S. frugiperda had spread and attacked maize crops evenly in Sijunjung District, but the attack rate (26.96%) and density (0.24 individuals) were low. The highest attack was found in Nagari Guguak (88.7%). The high or low rate of attacks is influenced by differences in varieties, planting ages, and maize cultivation techniques. Meanwhile, the density is more influenced by age differences
Efficacy of atrazine 500 g/l Herbicide against Various Types of Weeds and Its Impact on Maize Plants (Zea mays Linnaeus): Efikasi Herbisida Atrazin 500 g/l terhadap Berbagai Jenis Gulma, dan Dampaknya terhadap Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays Linnaeus)
No full textAtrazine 500 g/l is a selective herbicide that can be applied during pre- or post-growth of corn. This study aimed to determine the effective level of dosage in controlling weeds in the corn planting area and its impact on growth and corn yields. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of Universitas Lampung, South Lampung, and the Weed Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Lampung, from August to November 2022. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and four replications. The treatment consisted of 5 herbicide doses (Atrazine 500 g/l (500, 750, 1,000, 1,250, and 1,500 g/ha), manual weeding, and control. The results showed that Atrazine 500 g/l at doses of 750 - 1,500 g/ha effectively controlled the growth of total weeds, broadleaf and grass weeds, Digitaria ciliaris, and Richardia brasiliensis. While at doses of 500–1,500 g/ha, it effectively controlled Eleusine indica, Cleome rutidosperma, and Commelina benghalensis. Those doses did not poison, and did not inhibit growth, and the yield of maize
Compost Organic Materials' Suitability as a Living Place for Rhinoceros Beetle Larvae (Oryctes rhinoceros Linnaeus) in Oil Palm Area: Kesesuaian Bahan Organik Kompos sebagai Tempat Hidup Larva Kumbang Tanduk (Oryctes rhinoceros Linnaeus) pada Lahan Sawit
No full textRhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) is the primary pest of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Applying oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and various other organic materials to cultivated land is assumed to support the growth of rhinoceros beetles. The study aimed to determine the suitability of organic matter as a place for rhinoceros beetle larvae to live. The research was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design (RBD) with eight treatments and four replications. The treatment was in the form of OPEFB, rice husk, sawdust, OPEFB + rice husk, OPEFB + sawdust, OPEFB + rice husk + sawdust, and OPEFB + rice husk + sawdust without composting. The results showed that the growth of rhinoceros beetle larvae tended to be best on an organic material combination of OPEFB + rice husk + sawdust without being composted. Meanwhile, rice husk is the most unsuitable organic material for developing rhinoceros beetle larvae. Applying organic matter to palm land should be composted beforehand to reduce Rhinoceros beetle infestation
Effectivity of Inhibition of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Liquid Smoke Against Ganoderma boninense Fungus In Vitro
Full text linkOil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) can be processed into liquid smoke through pyrolysis. This study aimed to obtain the best concentration of unpurified liquid smoke from OPEFB in inhibiting the growth of the fungus of Ganoderma boninense. OPEFB samples were obtained from PT. Citra Putra Kebun Asri and G. boninense were collected from Muara Teweh Plantation. The study was conducted in 2 stages; Analysis of liquid smoke from pyrolysis using the GC-MS method at the Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gadjah Mada University; and testing the inhibition of liquid smoke on G. boninense in vitro at the Basic Plantation Cultivation Laboratory, Hasnur Polytechnic, and the Microbiology Laboratory of Plantation Products Processing Technology, Muara Teweh Polytechnic. This study was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatment was the difference in concentration of liquid smoke (1 ml/AC1, 2 ml/AC2, 3 ml/AC3, and control/AC0) in the planting medium, potato dextrose agar (PDA). The results showed that the average yield of unpurified liquid smoke from OPEFB was 34.5%, containing 49.28% acetic acid, 11.57% methyl alcohol, and 9.10% phenol. Application ? 2 ml liquid smoke in PDA completely inhibited G.boninense's growth in vitro, starting three days after application
Potency of Indigenous Epiphytic Yeast to Control Colletotrichum capsici, the Cause of Anthracnose Disease in Red Chili: Potensi Khamir Epifit Indigenus untuk Mengendalikan Colletotrichum capsici, Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa pada Buah Cabai Merah
No full textAnthracnose is an important disease in red chili caused by Colletotrichum capsici which can reduce productivity by up to 65%. Controlling using indigenous epiphytic yeasts has never been done. The study aimed to determine the ability of indigenous epiphytic yeast isolates to control C. capsici on red chili. The study was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, from August 2019 - April 2020 in vitro and in vivo. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 6 treatments with five different isolates (4 isolates from fruit and one from leaves) and a control. Parameters observed were macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of yeasts, C. capsici colony area, disease incubation period, and anthracnose symptoms. The results showed that the five epiphytic yeast isolates could suppress the growth of C. capsici, inhibit colony expansion between 27.09 – 59.11%, extend the incubation period for one day, and inhibit the expansion of anthracnose symptoms between 52.30 – 62.64%. Epiphytic yeast isolate KB1 derived from fruit has the highest inhibition
Effectivity of Mangkokan Leaf Extract (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr) with Different Treatments to Control Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck): Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Mangkokan (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr) dengan Pemrosesan Berbeda untuk Pengendalian Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck)
No full textMangkokan leaves (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr) have been used to control golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) in several preparations. This research aimed to study the most effective preparation of the mangkokan leaf extract to control the golden snail. The research was conducted in the Insect Bioecology Laboratory and agriculture field in Batu Busuak Village, Pauh District, Padang City, from March to April 2021. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and five replications. The treatments were several preparations of mangkokan leaves with a concentration of 5 g/l: control, fresh, boiled, sun-dried, and oven-dried. The observed variables were mortality of the golden snail, the weight of feed consumed, and the decrease in the eating activity of the golden snail. The result showed that botanical molluscicide from mangkokan leaves preparation by oven-dried and fresh were the two most effective in controlling the golden snail because they caused 100 % mortality of the golden snail, reduced the feed number consumed, with decreasing in feeding activity of 54.91% and 52.94%
The Ability of Several Biological Agents to Induce Resistance of Rice from Pyricularia oryzae Attacks In Vitro and In Vivo: Kemampuan Beberapa Agens Hayati dalam Menginduksi Ketahanan Tanaman Padi dari Serangan Pyricularia oryzae secara In Vivo dan In Vitro
No full textRice (Oryza sativa Linnaeus) is the main food crop that is needed daily for the majority of Indonesian people. One of the diseases that increase rice production is the attack of pests and other diseases caused by Pyricularia oryzae. Biological agents are an alternative to control this disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the induction of rice plant resistance using several biological agents against blast disease. The study was carried out in 2 stages, the first in vivo using a Randomized Block Design consisting of 4 biological agent treatments, namely Trichoderma sp., Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and sterile Aquades (control) which was repeated 6 times with each replication consisted of 3 plant samples so that the total number of samples observed was 72 plant samples. The second stage was carried out in vitro by inoculating P. oryzae on 3 pieces of rice plant leaves as a result of in vivo experiments. The design used was a completely randomized design with 4 agent treatments which were repeated 6 times. The results showed that the induction of rice plant resistance with P. fluorescens was able to reduce the severity of disease caused by P. oryzae attack (72.22%), with a decrease in efficacy of 25.48%, and the lowest AUDPC (691.66). In general, the resistance induction did not affect rice growth, but Trichoderma sp and P. fluorescens were able to increase the grain weight produced (3.11 and 2.80 g per plant, respectively)