Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Not a member yet
1245 research outputs found
Sort by
Risk, Causality and Management of Severe Allergic Reactions of RNA Messenger SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: A Mini Review
Get PDFSARS-CoV-2 infection has become a health problem throughout the world, including Indonesia with high rates of morbidity (more than 3 million confirmed case) and mortality (more than 80 thousand) due to COVID-19 since it was announced as pandemic in March 2020. Vaccination is one of the efforts to eliminate the pandemic, and just recently Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM) and Indonesian Government have granted approval for emergency use of messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines. Allergic reactions after vaccination are rare adverse events, including severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) in mRNA vaccines is thought to be a hidden allergen that trigger allergies. Screening of individuals with a previous history of allergies is necessary to prevent reaction. Experienced health workers are also needed to provide adequate management in the event of a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis after COVID-19 vaccination. Aim of this review is to look at the risk of allergy of mRNA vaccine SARS CoV-2; possible causes of allergies and management of individuals with severe allergies/anaphylaxis
Risk Factors of Vesicovaginalis Fistule in Obstetric and Gynecologic Division of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital in 2018-2020
Get PDFBackground. A vesicovaginal fistula (FVV) is a direct pathological connection between the bladder and vagina resulting in uncontrolled leakage of urine into the vagina from the bladder. Based on the cause, fistulas are divided into two, namely obstetric fistula and gynecological fistula. The risk factors that influence the occurrence of FFV consist of obstetric risk factors (age, parity, delivery method, duration of delivery, birth weight) and gynecological risk factors (history of gynecological surgery, history of pelvic radiotherapy, history of gynecologic malignancy). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of vesicovaginal fistula.
Methods. This research is an observational-analytic study with a cross-sectional method. The number of samples obtained was 74 patients who met the inclusion criteria using secondary data from medical records. Analysis of the data used is the chi-square test.
Results. There were 37 people who experienced vesicovaginal fistula. Where there were 9 patients with obstetric vesicovaginal fistula (24.3%) and 28 people (75.7%). From the Chi-Square test analysis, there was a significant relationship between delivery method (p=0.029), birth weight (p=0.029), history of gynecological surgery (p=0.038), history of pelvic radiotherapy (p=0.016), history of gynecological malignancy (p=0.016). =0.010). Meanwhile, there was no significant relationship between age (p=0,347), parity (p=1,000), and duration of labor (p=0,082).
Conclusion. There was a significant relationship between the delivery method, birth weight, history of gynecological surgery, history of pelvic radiotherapy, history of gynecological malignancy. There was no significant relationship between age, parity, and duration of vaginal delivery
Oxygenation and Hemodynamic Changes in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Literature Review
Get PDFTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem and the main cause of death and disability worldwide. TBI can causing primary and secondary injury. Primary brain injury occurs within a moment after a collision and worsen by acute systemic damage such as hypoxia, bleeding, and neurotoxic pathway activation. Under normal conditions, brain has several mechanisms for regulating pressure and volume to prevent ischemia. The purpose of these mechanisms is to maintain a continuous cerebral blood flow (CBF) and adequate oxygen supply
The Effects of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Immersion Water on Changes in High-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Levels in High Fat Diet Wistar Rat Model
Get PDFBackground. The mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease increases; one of the effects of hypercholesterolemia conditions, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and metabolic syndrome, not handled properly and thoroughly. This phenomenon becomes the factor that the researchers took this research topic. This study aims to determine okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) immersion water on an increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and decrease in LDL (low density lipoprotein) levels in high fat diet model Wistar rats.
Methods. This experimental study used 30 Wistar male rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided into six groups, namely normal rats (P1), positive control (P2), standard (P3), dose 1 treatment groups (P4), dose 2 treatment groups (P5), and dose 2 treatment groups (P6). The data were collected by measuring HDL and LDL levels before and after receiving okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) immersion water. The data were analyzed by paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon test, ANOVA test and Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results. This research showed a significant difference in the average level of HDL and LDL in all treatment groups (P4, P5, and P6) after induction of Abelmoschus esculentus L. in a high-fat diet rat model (p <0.05).
Conclusion. It can be concluded that the administration of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) immersion water could be used to increase HDL levels and decrease LDL levels in high fat diet model Wistar rats (p <0.05)
Potential of Red Betel Leaf Extract (Piper crocatum) and Siwak (Salvadora persica) Against Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria
Get PDFBackground. One of the bacteria that cause oral cavity infection is Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to explore the antibacterial potential of red betel extract and siwak extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, in vitro.
Methods. This research is an in vitro experimental study to assess the diameter of the inhibition zone of red betel leaf extract and siwak against Staphylococcus aureus. The extract was made from red betel leaf simplicia and siwak wood with a dose of 50% each. The bacterial suspension was made by taking one pure colony from a test tube. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 software.
Results. Red betel leaf extract 50% showed the largest diameter of the inhibition zone, namely 9.1 ± 0.68 mm. Meanwhile, the siwak extract showed a smaller inhibition zone diameter of 7.9 ± 0.68 mm. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the diameters of the inhibition zones of each test group.
Conclusion. Red betel leaf extracts are 50% greater in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus than 50% siwak extract
The Comparison of p16 Protein Expression between Single and Multiple Seborrheic Keratosis
Get PDFBackground. Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a benign epithelial tumor that attacks adults, the elderly, and an increasing number of age-related lesions. Various risk factors influence the pathogenesis of SK, including genetic predisposition and sun exposure. Recently, SK associated with a theory of keratinocytes aging. The aging prevents unlimited and uncontrolled growth of damaged cells, thereby preventing degeneration, but on the other hand, increases the resistance of the cells to apoptosis. From previous studies, the expression of p16 protein increased substantially with age, thus enabling it to be a biomarker of cellular aging at the molecular level. This study was aimed to determine p16 protein expression between single and multiple seborrheic keratoses, the relationship between p16 protein expression in single and multiple SK, and p16 protein expression in the elderly.
Methods. Observational study with a cross-sectional design was used to determine the comparison of p16 protein expression between single and multiple seborrheic keratoses was conducted from December 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022. According to the inclusion criteria, study participants with a total of 42 people were selected through the consecutive sampling method. Physical examinations, dermoscopic and histopathologic were carried out until the results were obtained. Then the data were analyzed using the Fisher Test, Chi-Square, with a 95% confidence interval (p <0.05).
Results. Most SK patients were found in the age range of 60-69 years (38%), male gender (54.8%), sun-related occasional 3-6 hour per day (50%), location of SK in sun-exposed areas (83.3%), the number of multiple lesions (69%), size 1-2 cm (57.1%), disease duration > 3 years (54.8%), and have no comorbid (69%), an acanthotic subtype of SK (40.5%). All single SK patients have a negative-weak expression of p16 protein (38.2%). Multiple SK patients have a moderate-strong expression of p16 protein (100%) and negative-weak expression of p16 protein (61.8%). Based on statistical analysis using Fisher Exact test has a statistically significant to p16 protein expression with number SK lesion (p-value 0,043).
Conclusion. There is a significant correlation between p16 protein expression with single and multiple SK. The study has several limitations. The sample size was small. Other supporting examinations are needed in SK, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Management of Sepsis Patient with Multiple Trauma: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground. In critically ill patient, source control surgery is one of the significant determinants of patient treatment and makes it successful. This case report was aimed to describe the management of sepsis patient with multiple trauma.
Case presentation. A 20-year-old woman presented with blunt trauma in the chest, abdomen, and right superior and inferior extremities. After the surgical procedure, the patient was treated in the ward with skin traction and simple wound care; a week later, the wound became worse, abscess inside, necrotic tissue and smelled terrible, and the woman had fever and jaundice somnolence, and other clinical symptoms manifested and became sepsis. She underwent twice a debridement surgery for a nasty wound. After that, she was treated in intensive care. A multidisciplinary team was required to treat the patient.
Conclusion. Surgical intervention, wound cleaning, and appropriate and adequate antibiotics are also given to prevent worsening sepsis in the future
Orbital Lymphoma: Clinical Features and Management at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital in 2018
Get PDFBackground: Orbital lymphoma is found in 50-60% of ocular adnexal lymphomas, with approximately 90% of orbital lymphomas being Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Clinical features may include proptosis, ptosis, limitation of eye movement, and salmon patch lesions on the conjunctiva. If an orbital tumor is present, an accurate histopathological examination is important in the management of orbital lymphoma. Because of nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms, some diagnostic delays may occur. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical features, diagnostic approach, and treatment choice in orbital lymphomas.
Methods: We identified patients diagnosed with orbital lymphoma in an outpatient clinic in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital from January to December 2018. Patients’ medical records were reviewed retrospectively.
Results: The patient group consisted of 6 patients (five males and one female) with a median age of 58 years. Proptosis and orbital swelling were the leading clinical symptoms, mainly found unilateral (five cases). The diagnosis was confirmed by a surgical biopsy. One histology result showed lymph node hyperplasia, which didn't suit the clinical manifestation and got re-reviewed. All histology results then showed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with the small lymphocytic type (100%). Five patients received systemic chemotherapy with the CHOP regimen protocol, and one patient refused to get further chemotherapy treatment.
Conclusion: When unmatched orbital symptoms with histology results are present, re-reviewing the histology result is essential. Once the diagnosis is established, systemic chemotherapy is indicated and can proceed so there will be no delay in treatment  
Effect of Phenytoin and Vitamin C on Granulation Tissue Thickness and Total Lymphocyte Infiltration in Enterocutaneous Fistula: In Vivo Study
Get PDFBackground: Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is still a problem in the surgical field because it causes high morbidity and mortality. The rate of closure of the ECF without surgical intervention in the evolving era of wound care and with parenteral nutrition has been reported to vary, with most studies showing closure rates in the 20 to 30% range. The administration of phenytoin and vitamin C is expected to be one of the modalities in the non-operative treatment of enterocutaneous fistulas. This study aims to assess the effect of phenytoin and vitamin C on granulation tissue thickness and the amount of lymphocyte infiltration in enterocutaneous fistulas.
Methods: This study is an experimental study with a post-test only with a control group design. A total of 24 rats were divided into control groups, P1 (phenytoin+ vitamin c), P2 (phenytoin), and P3 (vitamin c). Histopathological assessment of granulation tissue thickness and lymphocyte infiltration was performed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS with univariate and bivariate methods.
Results: The P1 group showed the thickest average thickness of granulation tissue compared to all groups. The P1 group showed a lower number of lymphocyte infiltration cells than all groups.
Conclusion: The administration of phenytoin and vitamin C was effective in increasing the thickness of granulation tissue and reducing lymphocyte cells in enterocutaneous fistulas
The Outcomes of Lower Eyelid Reconstruction after Carcinoma Excision: Case Series
Get PDFIntroduction: Eyelid reconstruction after excision of carcinoma can be challenging due to the dynamic movement and anatomy of the eyelid. Flap and graft are choices of techniques to fill and repair broad eyelid defects. Significant lower eyelid defects can typically be closed using skin flaps and grafts to substantiate the posterior lamella. This study aims to describe three cases with lower eyelid reconstruction and evaluate the outcome of the surgery.
Case presentation: There are three cases of lower eyelid reconstruction reported in this study. In cases 1 and 2, the surgical procedures need graft for posterior lamellae reconstruction. In case 3, the reconstruction process only required a rotational flap. All patients are in good aesthetic and functional outcomes.
Conclusion: Combination of skin flap (transposition and rotational flap) and graft (oral mucosa and transconjunctival) and only rotational flap can achieve favorable functional and aesthetic outcomes in wide excision of carcinoma