Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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Ecological Study of Climate Effects on Malaria Incidence in Jayapura Indonesia 2010-2022
Get PDFBackground: Malaria is still a health problem in Indonesia with high geography, rainfall and humidity. Malaria infects people living in endemic areas, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. Malaria can be a public health threat in remote areas. Jayapura is one of the cities in Indonesia with a high incidence of malaria. This event is supported by the geographical position and dominant topography in the form of swamp areas, sago forests, forests, mountains, and environmental influences such as temperature, rainfall, and air humidity. This study aimed to determine the effect of climatic factors consisting of monthly cumulative rainfall, average air temperature monthly average and monthly average relative humidity on the number of monthly malaria cases in Jayapura.
Methods: This study uses observation by using ecological-based studies and ecological time-trend design.
Results: This study found that rainfall and the incidence of malaria in the city of Jayapura in 2010-2022 had a significant relationship and had a positive relationship at lag 2 in 2010. Air temperature and malaria in the city of Jayapura in 2010-2022 had a significant relationship and had a positive lag 2 in 2010 and 2011. The relative humidity and incidence of malaria in Jayapura in 2010-2022 had a significant relationship and had a negative relationship at a 2-month lag in 2011 and 2015 while in 2013 and 2014 it had a strong and positive relationship.
Conclusion: Ecological studies found a significant relationship between climate and malaria incidence in Jayapura
Antimicrobial Properties of Eco Enzyme: A Literature Review
Get PDFBackground: In surgical medicine, the use of antimicrobials is very important. The use of antimicrobials or antibiotics is used at the time before surgery as prophylaxis, intraoperative, and postoperative. The prevention of some bacterial infections is imperative. The latest research is constantly evolving toward the use of antibiotics, which follows an increasingly resistant antibiotic trend. One of the advancements in the use of antimicrobials is eco enzymes.
Methods: The literatures reviewed in our study was gathered from PubMed and Google Scholar. The advanced search was conducted on PubMed with the keywords used ("Eco enzyme" AND "antimicrobial" AND "activity" OR "Antibiotics"; "Mechanism" OR "Nature"). The advanced search was also conducted on Google Scholar with all of the words "antimicrobial activity of eco enzyme". We reviewed the articles cited within the literature to broaden the search results.
Results: Some materials used as eco enzymes in this literature review include Carica papaya L., Annona muricata L., Azadirachta indica Cymbopogon winterianus, Ananas comosus, citrus aurantium, etc. Bioactive substances that play a role in microbacterial activity are flavonoids, tannins, saponins, pH, and lactic acids through mechanisms inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, inhibit cell membrane function, inhibiting energy metabolism of bacteria, and cross-bacterial cell membranes because of the pH gradient, leading to the disruption of cellular metabolic activities of bacterias.
Conclusion: Eco enzymes have been shown to have antimicrobial abilities
Free Opioid Anesthesia in Cancer Patient Undergoing Total Thyroidectomy and Functional Neck Dissection Dextra: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: The use of large doses of opioids perioperatively has been found to be associated with early recurrence in patients undergoing surgery for primary cancer. This study aimed to describe the use of opioid free anesthesia in cancer patients.
Case presentation: A 72-year-old man with a diagnosis of papillary adenocarcinoma thyroid underwent total thyroidectomy and dextra functional neck dissection. The results of the preoperative assessment stated that the patient had ASA III physical status and would undergo general anesthesia (GA-OTT) and regional anesthesia peripheral nerve block (RA-PNB BPSS).
Conclusion: Nonopioid regimens are recommended for pain control in the perioperative and postoperative periods in some cases. The application of free opioids can reduce opioid dependence in patients who routinely receive opioid prescriptions after discharge
Tracheostomy as an Effort to Help Weaning Ventilated Obese Patient: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: The prevalence of tracheostomy in the ICU was performed in 10%-15% of patients. Tracheostomy is performed in patients with prolonged intubation. The most compelling indications for tracheostomy are acute respiratory failure with prolonged or expected prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation and failure to wean from a mechanical ventilator.
Case presentation: A 60-year-old female patient came to the emergency room of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital with decreased consciousness 2 days before admission. Vital signs showed Sopor consciousness, RR: 30 x/min, and BMI: 39 kg/m2. Thorax examination of bronchovesicular breath sounds, rhonchi +/+, wheezing +/+. The patient was intubated and put on a ventilator, and admitted to the ICU. A tracheostomy on day 5 was performed on the patient. The patient was able to be weaned from the ventilator and then admitted to the neurology ward on day 18.
Conclusion: Tracheostomy can help weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. In this case, a severely obese patient can be weaned from the ventilator with a tracheostomy
How to Fit Toric Soft Contact Lenses?
Get PDFBackground: Refractive error is the first cause of visual impairment and the second cause of vision loss worldwide. Astigmatism is an eye refraction disorder that is characterized by various degrees of refraction in various meridians. Thus, the parallel rays coming into the eye are not focused on one point. One of the treatments is toric soft contact lenses, which is used in astigmatism patients by 47% with astigmatism above 0.75 D. This case report describes the use of toric soft contact lenses using a trial with markers at 6 o'clock, 3 o'clock, and 9 o'clock for the management of regular astigmatism.
Case presentation: In this paper, we report 3 cases of patients using toric soft contact lenses. The first patient was a 29-year-old male, the second patient was a 24-year-old female, and the third patient was a 25-year-old male with slowly blurred vision in both eyes and had been wearing glasses. The three cases were classified as moderate astigmatism with a power of 1.25 D and 1.50 D. The patients were given toric soft contact lenses for correction. Contact lens fitting was performed on the patient.
Conclusion: Correction of astigmatism can be done by giving glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. If the contact lens axis is suitable, a prescription can be given immediately. If the axis of the toric soft contact lens does not match the available trials, it is necessary to order the size of the toric contact lens according to the astigmatism disorder in the patient's eye
Head and Neck Sarcomas Characteristics at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital for 5 Years (2017-2021)
Get PDFBackground: Sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm originating from mesodermal tissue with an incidence rate of 1% of neoplasms throughout the body. Head and neck sarcoma requires more complex management and until now, reviews of this disease are still very rare. This study aimed to report the incidence and characteristics of head and neck sarcoma during 2017-2021 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.
Methods: Research data was taken from patient medical records through SIRS at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the 2017-2021 period according to the ICD10 of head and neck malignancies and histopathological data.
Results: During 2017-2021, 15 cases of head and neck sarcoma were found, consisting of 9 cases (60%) rhabdomyosarcoma, 2 cases (13.3%) fibrosarcoma, and 1 case each (6.7%) synovial sarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, angiosarcoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. The neck and shoulder area are the most frequently affected site (40%), followed by the scalp (26.7%), maxilla (20%), and oral cavity (13.3%). The highest incidence rates were in female (60%) and children aged <17 years (46.7%).
Conclusion: The incidence of head and neck sarcoma at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung is rare. The most frequent cases are rhabdomyosarcoma the most commonly affected areas are the neck and shoulders
The Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Get PDFMonocyte chemoattractant protein-1 plays an important role in kidney disease. In several studies, the role of MCP-1 as a urine biomarker has been extensively studied. In many kidney diseases, there are elevated levels of MCP-1 in the kidney tissue and this is an important cause of monocyte infiltration in the pathogenesis of kidney damage. Elevated urinary MCP-1 levels have been able to predict outcome in proliferative kidney diseases such as lupus nephritis. However, in several studies it was also found that there was an increase in MCP-1 in diabetic kidney disease. Macrophages have even appeared early in diabetic kidney disease and are associated with the progression of kidney disease. Urinary MCP-1 levels are related to the degree of leukocyte infiltration in the tubulointerstitial. This supports inflammatory factors as part of the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease
Strategic Planning for Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) Universitas Andalas (Unand) Indonesia
Get PDFIn the current information era, hospitals, including dental and oral hospitals, are required to improve performance and competitiveness as a business entity by not reducing the mission it carries. Currently, computer-based management information systems are a very important supporting tool, and it could even be said to be absolutely necessary to support hospital operational management. A hospital management information system, hereinafter abbreviated as SIMRS, is a communication information technology system that processes and integrates the entire flow of hospital service processes in the form of a network of coordination, reporting, and administrative procedures to obtain precise and accurate information and is part of the health information system. Efforts to utilize information systems are a step forward that need to be implemented in the face of very rapid changes, and the impact of the era of globalization is starting to be felt. Having a health information system is very helpful in data processing activities, most of which are carried out using computers that have been programmed with various programs that will handle an application
The Comparative Efficacy of Endometrial Biopsy using Pipelle and Diagnostic Dilatation & Curettage in Mariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center
Get PDFBackground: The use of Pipelle sampling for endometrial histology and pathology is of some controversy - and vast importance. Pipelle procedures are performed commonly in medical offices when women show abnormal vaginal bleeding. While the method has several advantages over dilatation and curettage (D&C), clinical questions exist on the precision and accuracy of the procedure. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Pipelle biopsy sampling versus Dilatation & Curettage (D&C) in adequacy of sampling specimen in terms of cost effectiveness, diagnosis success rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among all enrolled women with abnormal uterine bleeding counselling outpatient and inpatient in MMMHMC Batac from 2016 to 2017. Sample was divided in two groups - those that underwent Pipelle biopsy and those who underwent D&C. Key statistics were computed using SPSS 16.
Results: Cost effectiveness analysis showed that Pipelle biopsy offers a more cost effective alternative with an estimate of one correct diagnosis every P16 spent versus P61 spent for a correct diagnosis using D&C. Both procedures resulted in a 100% likelihood ratio of having the condition with a positive test result, with D&C resulting in a higher diagnosis success rate of 98% (versus 92% for Pipelle) and higher proportion of those who have the disorder, given the procedure tested positive.
Conclusion: Pipelle biopsy offers a more cost effective alternative to D&C. Both procedures resulted in equal probability of having the condition with a positive test result, with D&C resulting in a higher success rate of diagnosis and sensitivity rate, albeit not statistically significant
Intensive Care Management of Eclampsia Complicated with Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Pre-eclampsia-related AKI occurs in 21% of all pregnancies, with 4% associated with severe eclampsia. The most common cause of AKI is eclampsia, which affects about 3-5% of pregnancies. Case presentation: The patient came to the hospital with seizures three times at home, whole body seizures, duration 1-2 minutes, and after a seizure, the patient was unconscious. The patient had a seizure in the hospital twice, 5-10 minutes. She has had a history of hypertension during pregnancy (210/112 mmHg). The patient was diagnosed with decreased consciousness due to eclampsia antepartum on Primipara 31-32 weeks of preterm pregnancy on a maintenance dose of MgSO4 regimen + oligohydramnion patient was performed emergency section cesarean. After Termination, the patient was admitted to ICU. The patient was assisted by a mechanical ventilator. Conclusion: Critical care management is necessary for eclampsia with Acute Kidney Injury, adequate initial management, including hemodynamic stabilization, fluid balance, electrolyte correction, and possibly dialysis, is required to reduce morbidity and mortality