Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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Analysis of Risk Factors for Psychological Stress in Breast Cancer Patients: Observational Study in West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women in Indonesia. Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer can cause significant psychological stress in the sufferer. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for psychological stress in breast cancer sufferers in West Java, Indonesia using an observational study with multivariate analysis.
Methods: This research involved 200 breast cancer sufferers recruited from hospitals in West Java. Data was collected using a questionnaire that measured psychological stress, demographic factors, social factors, and medical factors. Data analysis was carried out using multinomial logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of psychological stress.
Results: The research results show that the incidence of psychological stress in breast cancer sufferers in West Java is 42%. Risk factors that are significantly associated with the occurrence of psychological stress are young age, unmarried marital status, low social support, high levels of anxiety, and advanced cancer stage.
Conclusion: This research shows that several risk factors can increase the incidence of psychological stress in breast cancer sufferers in West Java. These findings can be used to develop more effective interventions to help breast cancer survivors cope with psychological stress
Overview of Bacterial Profile of Bloodstream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU): Single Center Observational Study at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a condition characterized by positive blood cultures in patients who have systemic infections. Bloodstream infections have developed into a threat to public health worldwide with high mortality rates in intensive care settings. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile of BSI in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang.
Methods: This study is a retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional design from secondary data at the Microbiology and Medical Records Installation Laboratory of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang. All blood samples from patients aged ≥18 years in the ICU who are suspected of being infected will be cultured and identified with VITEK 2 in 2022.
Results: A total of 243 blood samples consisted of 126 men (52%) and 117 women (48%) with the largest age range being 41-60 years (48%). The diagnosis of BSI was found in 94% with the most common comorbidities being malignancy (42%) and stroke (15%). The most common bacterial bloodstream infections were found in the ICU of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang., namely Gram-positive bacteria (66%) and coccus (66%). The most common type of bacteria identified with the VITEK 2 automatic tool is Staphylococcus hominis. Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) found in this study were 8% with the most common causes, namely extended spectrum B-lactamase (ESBL). Blood samples in this study found bacteria due to contamination by 38%.
Conclusion: The BSI bacterial profile found was mostly in the ICU of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang is a Gram-positive bacterium, coccus-shaped, Staphylococcus hominis and ESBL. Blood cultures found bacteria contaminated by 38%
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever with Unusual Presentations and Complications in Sanjiwani General Hospital: A Case Series
Get PDFBackground: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquito with a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from mild fever to life-threatening complications. Atypical clinical manifestations of DHF can cause delays in diagnosis and treatment, so it is important to increase clinician awareness of these unusual manifestations.
Case presentation: We report four cases of DHF with atypical manifestations: (1) A 50-year-old woman with spontaneous psoas hematoma, (2) An elderly man with pulmonary edema, (3) A young man with acute myocarditis, and (4) A middle-aged man. middle-aged with encephalopathy.
Conclusion: Atypical manifestations of DHF can occur at various ages and can involve various organs. It is important for clinicians to consider dengue fever as a differential diagnosis in patients with fever and unusual clinical manifestations, especially in dengue-endemic areas. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve patient clinical outcomes
Overview of Bacterial Patterns and Antibiotic Sensitivity in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Single-Center Observational Study at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication of diabetes mellitus with a high risk of infection. Patterns of causative bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity can vary between hospitals and time periods.
Methods: This descriptive research involved all swabs and pus samples from DFU patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang between January and June 2023. Samples were processed through culture, Gram staining, and identification using VITEK 2. Patient medical record data was analyzed for demographic characteristics.
Results: Of the 23 samples, 65% were gram-negative bacteria, dominated by Escherichia coli (30%). Gram-positive bacteria were found in 35%, with Staphylococcus aureus (18%) as the most. E. coli showed resistance to ampicillin and ceftriaxone but was sensitive to meropenem and amikacin. S. aureus is resistant to vancomycin but sensitive to benzylpenicillin.
Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria, especially E. coli, were more dominant in DFU at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang during the research period. The pattern of antibiotic resistance found emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate antibiotic therapy based on sensitivity test results
The Effects of Carbon Monoxide and Lead Exposure on Lung Function: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Carbon monoxide (CO) and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants with well-established detrimental health effects. The impact of these pollutants on lung function, a critical indicator of respiratory health, has been investigated in numerous studies. However, the findings have been inconsistent, necessitating a comprehensive meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence and provide a definitive assessment.
Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) was conducted to identify relevant studies published between 2018 and 2024. Studies investigating the association between CO and Pb exposure and lung function, measured by spirometry (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second [FEV1] and Forced Vital Capacity [FVC]), were included. A random-effects model was used to pool the effect estimates, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic.
Results: The meta-analysis included 25 studies (n = 15,432 participants). The pooled results demonstrated a significant negative association between CO exposure and both FEV1 (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.45 to -0.19, p < 0.001) and FVC (SMD = -0.27, 95% CI = -0.38 to -0.16, p < 0.001). Similarly, Pb exposure was associated with a significant reduction in FEV1 (SMD = -0.21, 95% CI = -0.30 to -0.12, p < 0.001). The heterogeneity across studies was moderate to high (I² = 50-75%).
Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides compelling evidence that both CO and Pb exposure are associated with impaired lung function. These findings underscore the importance of reducing exposure to these pollutants to protect respiratory health
Hair Transplant Follicular Unit Extraction Technique as a Current Treatment Option for Androgenetic Alopecia
Get PDFThe therapy for androgenetic alopecia currently varies, and there is no generally efficacious form of treatment. Despite receiving therapy, a portion of individuals with alopecia still do not achieve the anticipated hair regrowth outcomes. The absence of efficacious medical intervention typically necessitates the exploration of alternative therapy modalities. A significant number of patients who do not get satisfactory results from medical treatment explore other therapeutic approaches, such as hair transplantation. Advancements in hair transplantation procedures have seen substantial progress since the 1960s. Men frequently seek hair transplantation, making it a popular cosmetic treatment. Over 11,000 operations took place in the United States in 2014. Commonly practiced contemporary hair transplant procedures include follicular unit transplantation (FUT) and follicular unit extraction (FUE). The FUE technique is gaining popularity due to its non-invasive nature, quicker recovery time, reduced post-operative discomfort, and fewer surgical scars, in contrast to the FUT approach
Hepatic Cirrhosis with Esophageal Varices: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: In adults, portal hypertension is generally caused by hepatic cirrhosis, whereas in children it is more commonly caused by extrahepatic abnormalities with normal liver function. Portal hypertension causes hemodynamic abnormalities. Gastrointestinal bleeding is the most severe clinical manifestation of portal hypertension in both children and adults. Pathogenetically, increased pressure in the portal vein can be caused by increased vascular resistance and increased portal blood flow. The site of obstruction can be prehepatic (portal vein obstruction), intrahepatic (presinusoidal: eg congenital hepatic fibrosis; para sinusoidal: cirrhosis, hepatotoxic drug therapy, vitamin A hepatotoxicity; post sinusoidal: venocclusive disease) and/or post hepatic (Budd-Chiari syndrome, constrictive pericarditis).
Case presentation: The study reports the results of observations of a case of a boy, FAA, aged 12 years and 2 months who came to the emergency room at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang with the main complaint of hematemesis and splenomegaly from physical examination. Non cirrhotic portal fibrosis is a cause that is not uncommon in the population in the early second decade of life. Some children with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis as adults can end up with end stage liver disease.
Conclusion: Patients with noncirrhotic or cirrhotic portal hypertension can be assessed using the Child Pugh instrument as an instrument that is still used to determine the survival rate if patients with portal hypertension
Correlation of High Sensitive Troponin I (hsTnI) with Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Get PDFBackground: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs due to rupture of atherosclerotic plaque which triggers platelet activation and aggregation to form a thrombus. Several studies have examined the relationship between PDW and AMI, but there is no specific correlation with hsTnI as the most sensitive and specific cardiac biomarker for AMI. This study aims to analyze the correlation between hsTnI levels and PDW values in AMI patients.
Methods: Cross-sectional study of 60 AMI patients in the emergency room of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang from April to August 2022. Research subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent hsTnI and PDW examinations. The correlation of hsTnI with PDW was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Correlation is declared significant if the p-value is <0.05.
Results: The research sample consisted of 48 men (80%) and 12 women (20%). The average age is 60.67 (10.73) years with an age range of 33-82 years. The mean hsTnI level was 2,606.10 (2,404.79) ng/Land the mean PDW value was 10.97 (2.26) fL. There was a strong and significant positive correlation between hsTnI and PDW in AMI patients (r = 0.618, p = 0.000).
Conclusion: There is a correlation between hsTnI levels and PDW values at AMI
The Role of Antidepressants in a Malignancy Patient with Palliative Care: A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFBackground: Depression is a common complication in malignancy patients, and can worsen their quality of life and prognosis. Palliative care aims to improve the quality of life of patients with life-limiting illnesses, and antidepressants are often used in this context.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of antidepressants in malignancy patients with palliative care. A literature search was conducted in three databases: PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect. Search terms included “Antidepressants,” “Malignancies,” and “Palliatives.”
Results: Two studies met inclusion criteria: First study: Randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of mirtazapine compared with escitalopram in malignant patients with depression. The results showed that mirtazapine was more effective in improving quality of life and reducing depressive symptoms compared with escitalopram. Second study: a study evaluating the effectiveness of antidepressants in elderly malignancy patients with depression. The results suggest that antidepressants may be effective in reducing depressive symptoms and improving quality of life, but further research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.
Conclusion: Available evidence suggests that antidepressants may be effective in treating depression in malignancy patients with palliative care. However, further research is needed to identify the most effective and safe antidepressants for this patient population
Accidental Finding of Suspected Cysticercosis Without Symptoms in Balinese Male: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Cysticercosis is one of the illnesses that the WHO considers to be neglected tropical diseases (NTD). Prevalence of cysticercosis in Asia ranged from 0.8% to 41.8%. Mostly, the central nervous system is affected.
Case presentation: A 56-year-old Balinese male came to emergency department with main complaint weakness on right-side of his body since 12 hours before being admitted to the hospital. He has history of eating lawar (Balinese traditional food) mixed with fresh pig blood; the last time he ate it was 6 months. Chest examination no nodule/swelling, abscess, or hypertrophy of muscle was found. On laboratory examination WBC 7.47x103/ul, Hb 16.0 g/dL, percentage of eosinophil 5.4%, and eosinophil count 0.40x103/ul. Head CT without contrast suggesting sub-acute cerebral infarction in the left capsule internal. The patient then performed chest radiograph and accidentally multiple rice grain calcification was found. The patient treated with albendazole 15mg/kg/bb/day for 14 days. Clinical presentations of cysticercosis can vary from those with no symptoms to those symptomatic, Patients with muscular involvement are mostly asymptomatic. Increasing eosinophil in complete blood count may indicate helminth infection, to clinch the early diagnosis radiological modalities can be used. However histological findings will give a definitive diagnosis. The use of praziquantel and albendazole is the suggested antihelminth in cysticercosis.
Conclusion: Pulmonary muscle involvement of cysticercosis is a rare finding. Increasing awareness of such lesions may lead to early diagnosis and prevent irreversible damage