Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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Granuloma Inguinale
Get PDFGranuloma ingunale (GI) or donovanosis is a genital ulcer disease caused by theCalymmatobacterium granulomatis. It is a Gram-negative, facultative, obligateintracellular and pleomorphic bacterium. This bacterium has phylogeneticallyclosed to and placed within the Klebsiella genus. Clinically, the disease is com-monly characterized as painless, slowly progressive ulcerative lesions on thegenitals or perineum without regional lymphadenopathy. The lesions are highlyvascular and bleed easily on contact Extragenital lesions may occur but are rareand more common in newborns from mothers with GI genital lesions. Thisdisease is often neglected, therefore it is often misdiagnosed and inaccuratetherapy. Treatment time is 3 weeks or until clinical cure has been achieved forall proposed regimens. It often occurs both in men and women of reproductiveage (20-40 years). This article consists of several theoretical references that havebeen viewed to have a better understanding of GI
The Effect of Hydrogel Aloe vera (Aloe vera (L.) Burm) on the Number of Neutrophil Cells in Aggressive Periodontitis Induced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (In Vivo Study on Wistar Rats)
Get PDFIntroduction: Aggressive periodontitis is a periodontal disease that runs rapidly, characterized by gross alveolar bone loss, the disease is unprompted by complaints, not related to local aspects.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Aloe vera hydrogel on the number of neutrophil cells in aggressive periodontitis induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans in Wistar rats.
Methods: This type of research is a laboratory experimental design with post-test only design with control group design. This study used 24 Wistar rats divided into 6 groups, namely, negative control group (Basic hydrogel), ibuprofen and hydrogel Aloe vera 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%.
Results: The test results for the mean number of neutrophil cells in the hydrogel aloe vera group of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, ibuprofen, and negative controls were 120.50 ± 12.92, 78.25 ± 7.37, 47, 25 ± 4.03, 1.00 ± 0.82, 0.50 ± 0.58, and 217.25 ± 62.26. The results of the oneway Anova statistical test obtained p value = 0.001, which means that there is a difference in the number of neutrophils of Wistar rats in all treatment groups.
Conclusion: The conclusion of this study there is the effect of giving hydrogel aloe vera a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20% with ibuprofen on Wistar rats induced by aggressive periodontitis
Analysis of Risk Factors with the Degree of Pelvic Organs Prolapse at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang
Get PDFBackground. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a condition in which one or more pelvic organs (consisting of the uterus, vaginal cuff, bladder, intestines, and rectum) or more are still in or out of the vagina. Risk factors that influence the incidence of POP consist of obstetric risk factors (number of parity and birth method) and non-obstetric risk factors (age, menopause, BMI, comorbid disease, and hypertension). The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the degree of POP.
Methods. This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional approach to 111 patients examined at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin general hospital Palembang on January 2017 to December 2019, who was diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse.
Results. The results showed the effect of variables with the degree of POP using the chi-square test, consisting of parity (p=0.007), birth method (p=<0.001), age (p=0.016), menopause (p=0.001), BMI (p =0.005), indicates that there is a significant effect on the degree of POP. Meanwhile, comorbid factors (p=0.481) and hypertension (p=0.415) did not show a significant relationship with the degree of POP. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis of all risk factors, the number of parity >4, overweight, and age 40 years, will have a 99.85% chance of experiencing grade 3 or 4 prolapse.
Conclusion. Age is the most dominant risk factor affecting the degree of pelvic organ prolapse, with 19 times the chance of developing POP 3 or 4 degrees
Dermatoglyphy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground. Breast cancer is one of the four types of cancer among women and is the most frequently diagnosed in most countries. Breast cancer occurs due to DNA damage and genetic mutations affected by exposure to estrogen, inheritance of damaged DNA, or pro-cancer genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2. Therefore, a family history of ovarian cancer or breast cancer increases the risk of developing breast cancer. The embryo of the breast develops around the age of 6 weeks of pregnancy. Similar to breast development, fingerprint patterns also develop during the 6-13 weeks of pregnancy. Thus, the genetic message contained in the genome occurred during that period and was reflected in the dermatoglyphic pattern.Methods. The literature search was systematically used using PubMed, Cochran, Google scholar, and other Gray literature between 2010-2020. Of the 69 publications identified, 21 met the criteria and were included in the review. The review is carried out following the provisions of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review).Results. This systematic review showed fairly consistent findings in breast cancer patients who tended to have more whorl fingerprint patterns and larger ATD angles. For radial loops, ulnar loops and arches were minor compared to the control group potential as an initial screening tool in at-risk groups.Conclusion. Long-term and follow-up studies with larger sample sizes in various ethnicities are needed to validate dermatoglyphics in anthropometric measurements as a promising marker of breast cancer
The Safety of Cardioversion in Supra Ventricular Tachycardia Patient with Pregnancy
Get PDFBackgrounds. Supraventricular tachycardia is a type of tachyarrhythmia characterized by sudden changes in heart rate and increases rapidly. In supraventricular tachycardia, the abnormalities that occur include components of the conduction system and occur in the upper part of the HIS bundle. This case report describes a case of supraventricular tachycardia suspected of AVNRT in a pregnant woman accompanied by hypokalemia, hypocalcemia and prolonged QT Interval along with cardioversion which was performed as the management of this case.Case presentation. A woman, Mrs Y, 24 years old, a housewife, having her address within the city of Palembang. The patient came to the emergency department of Moh. Hoesin Hospital Palembang with the chief complaint of chest palpitations. On physical examination, there was a grade 2/6 murmur, no shortness of breath, the patient was 7 months pregnant. He had a history of heart disease SVT 8 years ago. ECG examination showed sinus rhythm with low atrial rhythm in leads II, III, AVF. On laboratory examination, the blood calcium level was 8.3 mg/dL. Management of this patient includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological management. On the 14th day of hospitalization, 100 joules of cardioversion was performed and the patient responded well. The patient's condition improved on the 20th day of treatment.Conclusion. The patient experienced a good and effective response to 100 joules of cardioversion which was performed on the 14th day of treatment. Maintenance treatment in the form of drugs in the form of diltiazem due to the condition of the patient who is 27 weeks pregnant. The next management is planning the birth process according to the patient's hemodynamics and preventing the occurrence of SVT in subsequent pregnancies
Profile of Open Cholecystectomy at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta January 2016 – December 2017 (Retrospective Study)
Get PDFBackground. Cholelithiasis is a disease found in the general population throughout the world, and is influenced by several factors such as gender, age, and Body Mass Index. Gallstone disease is a common indication for surgery. The surgical procedure can be done in 2 ways, with an open cholecystectomy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods. This study was conducted on patients who were treated at the Regional General Hospital dr. Moewardi Surakarta from January 2016 to December 2017 with retrospective sampling. The patient's age, gender, weight, height, and length of stay were taken based on the data listed in the patient's medical record.Results. A total of 96 patients, consisting of 61 (63.54%) women and 35 (36.46%) men who met the criteria for inclusion in this study. The age of the patients ranged from 31 to 86 years with a mean of 52.16 years. According to the age category, namely <40 years and 40 years, there were 14 (14.58%) and 82 (85.42%) people from all respondents, respectively. Only 26 (27.1%) obese patients were found in this study. The mean length of post-operative hospitalization was 6.69 ± 3.47 days.Conclusion. Gender and length of post-operative hospitalization in this study have characteristics that are in accordance with several previous studies
Contamination of Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) Eggs in Raw Vegetables at Street Food Stalls and Restaurant in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang
Get PDFBackground: Infection Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) is a disease that is a problem in the world, especially in areas with a tropical climate like Indonesia. This infection can be transmitted through consumption of raw vegetables contaminated with STH. This study aims to determine whether there is contamination of STH eggs in raw vegetables at street food stalls and restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang.
Methods: This research is a descriptive observational study. Samples in the form of fresh vegetables were collected from 18 street stalls and 14 restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang. Samples were examined using the sedimentation method and observed using a microscope.
Results: The results obtained 80 samples consisting of 30 cabbage, 18 basil, 30 cucumber, 1 lettuce, and 1 eggplant. Of the 80 samples, there were 20 (25%) positive samples contaminated with STH eggs consisting of 8 (10%) cabbage samples, 8 (10%) basil samples, 4 (5%) cucumber samples, and no STH contamination was found in lettuce. and eggplant. Of the 20 positive samples of STH contamination, 12 samples came from street vendors consisting of 5 (10.6%) cabbage samples, 6 (12.8%) basil samples, and 1 (2.1%) cucumber samples. While the other 8 samples came from restaurants consisting of 3 (9.1%) cabbage samples, 2 (6%) basil samples, and 3 (9.1%) cucumber samples. Found only eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides infertile decorticate in all samples consisting of 9 eggs on cabbage, 16 eggs on basil, and five eggs on cucumber.
Conclusion: There is contamination of eggs Soil Transmitted Helminths in raw vegetables in street food stalls and restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang
Analysis of the Electronic Implementation of A Malaria Surveillance Information System (E-SISMAL) in the Lahat District
Get PDFBackground: The requirement for malaria elimination to be recognized is to prove API lower than 1 per 1000 in the population, together with no indigenous case. Lahat Regency is an area of low-endemicity for malaria, where the target for elimination is projected for 2024. Since 2019, Lahat Regency has received socialization about E-SISMAL, which was developed as a web-based basis to speed up the reporting process. However, there are still delays in reporting malaria on E-SISMAL.
Methods: Descriptive research with a qualitative approach was designed. The study subjects were the malaria person in charge, the head of seven selected community health centers (Puskesmas) and the Lahat District Health Office. Primary data came from observation, focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews with eighteen informants selected by the purposive sampling method.
Results: The available inputs are inadequate, such as the human resource education was not up to standard, the internet network was not smooth, and there were no guidelines on E-SISMAL in the health centers. Malaria person in charge does not understand how to use E-SISMAL. In the process, there was the involvement of cross-sectoral and networked establishments. The output shows that the report indicators on E-SISMAL are not up to standard with less than 80%.
Conclusions: The use of E-SISMAL in the Lahat district has not been maximized. It has an impact on delays in reporting. It is recommended that training and practice of E-SISMAL occur to improve officers' ability through socialization and that the Lahat Health Office establishes partnerships with telecommunications companies to ensure the smooth running of the network. Developing specific guidelines on E-SISMAL and a mobile phone-based malaria surveillance information system to speed up the malaria reporting process in the Lahat district is also advisable
Regulation and Intervention of Intracranial Pressure
Get PDFIntracranial pressure is the total amount of pressure exerted by the brain, blood and cerebrocinal fluid in the rigid cranial space. Compliance is an indicator of the brain's tolerance for increased ICP, when compliance is exceeded, there will be a dramatic increase in the pressure/volume curve so that ICP will increase rapidly. In the injured brain, cerebral blood flow (CBF) is regulated to supply sufficient oxygen and substrates to the brain. Certain physiological factors such as hypercarbia, acidosis and hypoxemia cause vasodilation which causes an increase in CBF, seizure activity and fever will increase the level of brain metabolism and CBF. Cerebral edema is the most common cause of non-traumatic brain injury such as central nervous system infections, metabolic and systemic encephalopathy. Vasogenic brain edema occurs due to injury to the blood-brain barrier and increased capillary permeability in the area around the injury, or to inflammation, especially in CNS infections. Medical management of elevated intracranial pressure includes sedation, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, and osmotherapy with either mannitol or hypertonic salts
The Role of Histone Deacetylase and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Get PDFRheumatoid Arthritis or RA disease is a chronic inflammatory and systemic disease associated with broad synovitis resulting in erosion of the articular cartilage and marginal bone causing joint damage. RA is an autoimmune disease with the discovery of an autoantibody, namely rheumatoid factor. The relevant antibody is anti-citrullinated protein (ACPA) antibody. Citullination on the introduction of several proteins such as fibrin, vimentin, fibronectin, collagen type II, which is expressed in the synovial membrane during inflammation by ACPA. In a recent study increased HDAC activity in the synovial tissue of RA patients has increased. Histone deacetylase or abbreviated as HDAC is an enzyme that is important in regulating gene transcription by altering the acetylation of histone proteins which results in an important regulation of repression in the implementation of inflammation. HDAC enzyme inhibitor (HDACi) is an HDAC enzyme inhibitor that can provide benefits for the treatment of various diseases including malignancy and inflammation. In inflammatory disease HDACi overcomes inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. One of the HDAC classes is HDAC1 which is highly expressed in the synovial fibroblasts of RA patients. HDACi can burden swollen joints, reduce mononuclear cell infiltration, request pannus orders, inhibit bone and cartilage damage