University of Extremadura
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Oxigenación regional hepática durante el trasplante hepático
No full textPrograma de Doctorado en Biología Molecular y Celular, Biomedicina y BiotecnologíaEn los últimos años hemos asistido a una expansión de las indicaciones del trasplante hepático (TH) así como a una disminución del número de donantes disponibles, lo que ha acarreado una escasez de hígados. Por ello, la decisión de aceptar o rechazar un órgano tiene consecuencias trascendentes.
En este trabajo estudiamos el papel de la oxigenación regional (rSO2) hepática en las diferentes fases del TH, medido mediante un sistema de espectroscopia infrarroja, así como la valoración de la función hepática postoperatoria mediante verde de indocianina (ICG).
En el hígado donante objetivamos que unos niveles bajos de rSO2 hepática se relacionan con un mayor grado de esteatosis hepática, estableciendo como valor de corte una rSO2 del 57% para evitar esteatosis moderadas-severas. Asimismo, los niveles de rSO2 hepática medidos en el receptor intraoperatoriamente tras la reperfusión se correlacionan con escalas de gravedad como la APACHE II. Además, las mediciones de rSO2 hepática postoperatoria se relacionan con las complicaciones postoperatorias medidas según la clasificación Clavien-Dindo y con los niveles de hemoglobina plasmática postoperatoria, anticipándose a la aparición de ambas. La tasa de desaparición plasmástica del ICG medida en las primeras 24 horas tras el TH predice la aparición de rechazo agudo, siendo 18.05 %/min el punto de corte.
La valoración combinada de la rSO2 hepática y el ICG en las diferentes fases del TH nos aporta datos predictivos importantes que nos pueden ayudar a la detección precoz de complicaciones, a la toma de decisiones y a la instauración temprana de un tratamiento.In recent years we have seen an expansion of the indications for liver transplantation (LT) as well as a decrease in the number of available donors, which has led to a shortage of livers. Therefore, the decision to accept or reject a graft has important consequences.
In this work we study the role of hepatic regional oxygenation (rSO2) in the different phases of LT, measured using an infrared spectroscopy system, as well as the assessment of postoperative liver function using indocyanine green (ICG).
In the donor liver, we observed that low levels of hepatic rSO2 are related to a higher degree of hepatic steatosis, establishing a cut-off value of 57% rSO2 to avoid moderatesevere steatosis. Likewise, hepatic rSO2 levels measured in the receptor intraoperatively after reperfusion correlate with severity scales such as the APACHE II. Furthermore, postoperative liver rSO2 measurements are related to postoperative complications measured according to the Clavien-Dindo classification and to postoperative plasma hemoglobin levels, anticipating the appearance of both. The plasmatic clearance rate of ICG measured in the first 24 hours after LT predicts the appearance of acute rejection, being 18.05%/min the cut-off point.
The combined assessment of hepatic rSO2 and ICG in the different phases of LT provides us with important predictive data that can help us in the early detection of complications, in decision-making and in the early establishment of treatment
Long‑term radiological assessment of a Mediterranean freshwater ecosystem surrounding a nuclear power plant
No full textThe radionuclide concentration of man-made radionuclides on non-human biota in freshwater ecosystems has been extensively studied in environments affected by the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents, in both humid continental and subtropical climates, respectively. However, there are very few studies that assess the long-term effects of operating nuclear facilities in Mediterranean environments. In the present study, a temporal analysis of the impact on carp, cattail, and bulrushes in the cooling pond of the currently operating Almaraz nuclear power plant was investigated for the period 2000–2020. The results do not show a general trend in man-made radionuclide concentrations. Instead, depending on their availability and the type of organism, trends decrease over time. This is also reflected in the effective half-lives obtained, which are lower than the
physical half-life for some radionuclides. Transfer coefficients for the main man-made radionuclides detected were obtained, and it was found that these were significantly lower than the typical ranges found for benthic fish and vascular plants in freshwater ecosystems. Finally, the internal and external doses received by the carp have been evaluated using ERICA tool, and it has been observed that the main contribution to the total dose is due to the internal dose (0.65–7.04) × 10−4 μGy/h.This work has been possible thanks to the collaboration and financial support of Regional Government of Extremadura (Junta de Extremadura) and Spain’s Nuclear Safety Council (CSN), through different cooperation agreements and research project. The authors would like to thank all the current and former members of the FQM001 LARUEX research group at the University of Extremadura who have contributed to the realisation of this work. The authors would also like to thank all the technical staff of “Consejería de Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Extremadura”.peerReviewe
Motivation and engagement: theoretical model and applications in education
No full textEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión teórica sobre las relaciones conceptuales y empíricas entre la motivación y el compromiso académico. La motivación siempre ha sido un eje central dentro de la psicología de la educación por su relevancia sobre el rendimiento y la satisfacción de los estudiantes. Por otro lado, el compromiso académico, también conocido como engagement, es un concepto estrechamente vinculado al ámbito de la motivación académica. Todo parece indicar que el engagement guarda una estrecha relación positiva con aspectos vinculados al aspecto positivo de la vida. Dentro del ámbito educativo, entre las aportaciones sobre marco teórico podemos destacar la de Reeve (2012) y Reeve and Tseng (2011). Este modelo contempla cuatro dimensiones en el modelo: (1) conductual, (2) emocional, (3) cognitiva, y (4) agencialidad; esta última dimensión está relacionada con una contribución constructiva por parte del estudiante al proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. No es que las otras dimensiones no posean este carácter, pero esta dimensión lo subraya de forma explícita. Un estudio reciente sobre la motivación académica ha comprobado la vinculación de los tipos de engagement con las diferentes situaciones educativas a las que los alumnos se ven expuestos. Por otro lado, también se han encontrado correlaciones positivas entre el compromiso y la autorregulación emocional, la autoeficacia, la satisfacción con los estudios, la competencia académica subjetiva, y el rendimiento académico autovalorado.
En lo relativo a las metas de aprendizaje, se encontraron correlaciones positivas con la orientación al aprendizaje y correlaciones negativas con la orientación al resultado y la orientación a la evitación (Alonso-Tapia et al., 2022). Podemos establecer que hay un triángulo positivo entre compromiso, orientación al aprendizaje y motivación intrínseca.The objective of this work is to present a theoretical review of the conceptual and empirical relationships between motivation and academic engagement. Motivation has always been a central axis within educational psychology due to its relevance to student performance and satisfaction. On the other hand, academic commitment, also known as engagement, is a concept closely linked to the field of academic motivation. Everything seems to indicate that engagement has a close positive relationship with aspects linked to the positive aspect of life. Within the educational field, among the contributions on the theoretical framework we can highlight that of Reeve (2012) and Reeve and Tseng (2011). This model considers four dimensions in the model: (1) behavioral, (2) emotional, (3) cognitive, and (4) agency. The latter dimension is related to a constructive contribution by the student to the teaching and learning process. It is not that the other dimensions do not have this character, but this dimension explicitly underlines it. A recent study on academic motivation has verified the link between the types of engagement and the different educational situations to which students are exposed. On the other hand, positive correlations have also been found between commitment and emotional self-regulation, self-efficacy, satisfaction with studies, subjective academic competence, and self-rated academic performance. Regarding learning goals, positive correlations were found with learning orientation and negative correlations with result orientation and avoidance orientation (Alonso-Tapia et al., 2022). We can establish that there is a positive triangle between commitment, learning orientation and intrinsic motivation.peerReviewe
Compromisso desportivo e força mental na alta competição: um estudo com tenistas do Equador e de Portugal
No full textEl objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación del compromiso deportivo y la fortaleza mental en tenistas de alta competición de Ecuador y Portugal. La investigación incluyó 265 atletas (127 de Ecuador y 138 de Portugal), con edades entre los 15 y 30 años (Medad = 18.81; DT = 3.73) y pertenecientes a las categorías más avanzadas del ranking nacional de ambos países. Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios: Mental Toughness Index y Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. Se realizó un análisis estadístico ANOVA de medidas repetitivas unidireccionales, correlación de Pearson (ρ) y el alfa de Cronbach (α), los cuales apoyaron el análisis. Los resultados mostraron que los tenistas de ambos países poseen altos niveles de compromiso deportivo y de fortaleza mental. Además, se evidenció una relación positiva entre el compromiso deportivo y la fortaleza mental, indicando que los jugadores para tornarse en individuos más fuertes mentalmente necesitan ser dedicados y entusiasmados con el deporte. Por su parte, no se evidenciaron diferencias significativas entre ambos géneros y países. Este estudio refuerza la importancia de desarrollar programas psicológicos, basados en el compromiso deportivo y en la fuerza mental en el sentido de desenvolver atletas determinados, fuertes y competentes para superar las adversidades.The purpose of this study was to analysis the relationship of sport engagement and mental toughness in elite tennis players from Ecuador and Portugal. The study featured 265 elite tennis players (127 from Ecuador and 138 from Portugal), with ages between 15 and 30 years old (Mage = 18.81; SD = 3.73) and belonging to the most advanced categories of the national ranking of both countries. Two questionnaires were used including the Mental Toughness Index and Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. We realized a quantitative analysis, where the ANOVA statistical analysis test of unidirectional repetitive measures, Pearson correlation (ρ) and Cronbach (α) were used, which supported the analysis. The results showed that tennis players from both countries have high levels of sport engagement and mental toughness. In addition, the results showed positively relationship between sport engagement and mental toughness, indicating that players to become mentally tougher need to be dedicated and enthusiastic about the sport. On the other hand, not significant differences between both genders and countries were evident. This study reinforces the importance of developing psychological programs, based on sport engagement and mental toughness in order to developing determined, tough and component athletes to overcome adversity.O objetivo desta investigação foi analisar a relação do compromisso desportivo e a força mental em tenistas de alta competição no Equador e Portugal. A investigação incluiu 265 atletas (127 do Equador e 138 de Portugal), com idades compreendidas ente os 15 e os 30 anos (Midade = 18.81; DP = 3.73) e pertencentes aos escalões mais avançados do ranking nacional de ambos países. Foram utilizados dois questionários: Mental Toughness Index e Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. Realizada a análise da variância ANOVA, a correlação de Pearson (ρ) e o alfa de Cronbach (α). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os tenistas de ambos países têm altos níveis de compromisso desportivo e força mental. Além disso, os resultados mostraram uma relação positiva entre o compromisso desportivo e a força mental, indicando que os jogadores para se tornarem mais fortes mentalmente precisam de ser dedicados e entusiastas com o desporto. Por outra parte, não se evidenciaram diferenças entre ambos géneros e países. significativas Este estudo reforça a importância do desenvolvimento de programas psicológicos, assentes no compromisso desportivo e na força mental no sentido de fortalecer e desenvolver atletas determinados, fortes e competentes para superar as adversidades.peerReviewe
López Gómez, S., Rodríguez Rodríguez, J., Vidal Esteve, M.I. y Marín Suelves, D. (2023). "Videojuegos y oportunidades educativas. Orientaciones para su diseño, análisis y uso"
No full textEs una reseña de la obra: López Gómez, S., Rodríguez Rodríguez, J., Vidal Esteve, M.I. y Marín Suelves, D. (2023). "Videojuegos y oportunidades educativas. Orientaciones para su diseño, análisis y uso". Editum. ISBN: 9788418936296It's a review of the work: López Gómez, S., Rodríguez Rodríguez, J., Vidal Esteve, M.I. y Marín Suelves, D. (2023). "Videojuegos y oportunidades educativas. Orientaciones para su diseño, análisis y uso". Editum. ISBN: 978841893629
Pablos Pons, J. y Gómez Camacho, A. (2023). "Escritura digital y educación: el m-learning"
No full textEs una reseña de la obra: Pablos Pons, J. y Gómez Camacho, A. (2023)."Escritura digital y educación: el m-learning". Octaedro. ISBN: 9788419690845It's a review of the work: Pablos Pons, J. y Gómez Camacho, A. (2023)."Escritura digital y educación: el m-learning". Octaedro. ISBN: 978841969084
Induction of acrosome reaction by 4-Br-A23187 alters the glycoproteomic profile of boar spermatozoa
No full textProtein glycosylation is a post-translational modification involved in wide range of biological processes. In mammalian spermatozoa this modification has been identified in numerous proteins, and membrane glycoproteins are involved in the fertilization process. The objective of the present study was to identify changes in protein glycosylation after acrosome reaction (AR) induction using the 4-Br-A23187 ionophore. Our results showed that treatment with 10 μM of 4-Br-A23187 for 20 min significantly increased the percentage of live acrosome-reacted spermatozoa compared to the control (69.8 ± 0.8 vs. 6.4 ± 0.5; mean % ± SEM, respectively). Also, we observed an increase in 32 kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein (p32) and a decrease in serine/threonine phosphorylation of the protein kinase A substrates (phospho-PKA-substrates) after ionophore treatment. Furthermore, changes in glycosylated proteins following AR induction were analyzed using different HRPconjugated lectins (GNA, DSA, and SNA), revealing changes in mannose and sialic acid residues. Proteomic analysis of isolated proteins using GNA lectin revealed that 50 proteins exhibited significantly different abundance (q-value < 0.01). Subsequent analysis using Uniprot database identified 39 downregulated and 11 upregulated proteins in the presence of 4-Br-A23187. Notably, six of these proteins were classified as transmembrane proteins, namely LRRC37A/B like protein 1 C-terminal domain-containing protein, Membrane metalloendopeptidase like 1, VWFA domain-containing protein, Syndecan, Membrane spanning 4-domains A14 and Serine protease 54. This study shows a novel protocol to induce acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa and identifies new transmembrane proteins containing mannose residues. Further work is needed to elucidate the role of these proteins in sperm-oocyte fusion.La glicosilación de proteínas es una modificación postraduccional que interviene en una amplia gama de procesos biológicos. En los espermatozoides de mamíferos se ha identificado esta modificación en numerosas proteínas, y las glicoproteínas de membrana están implicadas en el proceso de fecundación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar cambios en la glicosilación de proteínas tras la inducción de la reacción acrosómica (RA) utilizando el ionóforo 4-Br-A23187. Nuestros resultados mostraron que el tratamiento con 10 μM de 4-Br-A23187 durante 20 min aumentó significativamente el porcentaje de espermatozoides vivos que reaccionaron al acrosoma en comparación con el control (69,8 ± 0,8 frente a 6,4 ± 0,5; media % ± SEM, respectivamente). Asimismo, observamos un aumento de la proteína tirosina-fosforilada de 32 kDa (p32) y una disminución de la fosforilación de serina/treonina de los sustratos de la proteína cinasa A (fosfo-PKA-sustratos) tras el tratamiento con ionóforos. Además, se analizaron los cambios en las proteínas glicosiladas tras la inducción de AR utilizando diferentes lectinas conjugadas con HRP (GNA, DSA y SNA), revelando cambios en los residuos de manosa y ácido siálico. El análisis proteómico de las proteínas aisladas utilizando la lectina GNA reveló que 50 proteínas presentaban una abundancia significativamente diferente (valor q < 0,01). El análisis posterior mediante la base de datos Uniprot identificó 39 proteínas reguladas a la baja y 11 reguladas al alza en presencia de 4-Br-A23187. En particular, seis de estas proteínas se clasificaron como proteínas transmembrana, a saber, LRRC37A/B like protein 1 C-terminal domain-containing protein, Membrane metalloendopeptidase like 1, VWFA domain-containing protein, Syndecan, Membrane spanning 4-domains A14 y Serine protease 54. Este estudio muestra un protocolo novedoso para inducir la reacción acrosómica en espermatozoides de verraco e identifica nuevas proteínas transmembrana que contienen residuos de manosa. Es necesario seguir trabajando para dilucidar el papel de estas proteínas en la fusión espermatozoide-oocito.peerReviewe
The Mots et devises trade card series or the comercial use of the emblematic tradition
No full textNúmero dedicado a Andalucía-América: Patrimonio cultural y relaciones artísticasEn las décadas que transcurren en el tránsito del siglo XIX al XX estuvo activa en París la im-prenta de A. Billon. Nuestro interés se va a cen-trar en una colección de cromos que vio la luz en sus prensas y que, bajo la denominación ge-nérica de Mots et devises, destinada en esen-cia a la promoción de productos alimentarios, respondía de manera fiel a la estructura triplex de los viejos emblemas literarios tradicionales derivados de la primera edición de los Emble-mata de Andrea Alciato (1531).During the decades of transition between the 19th and 20th century, the A. Billon print-ing house was quite active in Paris. This work focuses on a trading card collection printed in its presses, generically coined Mots et devises. The collection was intended to promote food products, faithfully maintaining the triplex structure of the ancient traditional literary emblems derived from the first edition of Andrea Alciato’s Emblemata (1531).peerReviewe
Uma análise de anglicismos especializados relacionados ao esporte: seu uso na imprensa espanhola europeia na atualidade
No full textThe aim of this study is to provide updated evidence of the use of nonadapted, adapted and false sports-related anglicisms in the European Spanish press. Specifically, this piece of research attempts to unveil technical/semi-technical English borrowings and to explore the pragmatic functions of these English lexical units in the current digital Spanish newswire. The method consisted of examining eight different media by using the constantly updating database of anglicisms ‘Observatorio Lázaro’ throughout a period of 9 months. A sample of 130 English lexical items was collected and subjected to an in-depth qualitative and descriptive analysis. Each borrowing was looked up in DAD ‒the most recent dictionary of sports-related English lexical items in Spanish‒ and was illustrated by a real example of its use in context excerpted from present-day Spanish newspapers. Terminology associated to a broad spectrum of specific sports –such as golf, basketball, rugby, cycling, etc.– was delved into. Results show that, while some terms have no connection to the rest of borrowings, many of them can be grouped according to certain parameters. Considering pragmatic functions, the use of some anglicisms proved not to be random but to respond to news reporters’ and journalists’ purposes. The study concludes that the pervasive influence exerted by English on Spanish concerning technical/semi-technical sports anglicisms remains in full force and effect nowadays, as this impact affects the vocabulary of a wide variety of sports games and exercises.O objetivo deste estudo é fornecer evidências atualizadas do uso de anglicismos não adaptados, adaptados e falsos relacionados ao esporte na imprensa espanhola europeia. Especificamente, esta pesquisa tenta revelar palavras emprestadas do inglês técnico/semi-técnico e explorar as funções pragmáticas dessas unidades lexicais do inglês no atual jornalismo digital espanhol. O método de pesquisa consistiu em examinar oito mídias diferentes usando o banco de dados de anglicismos em constante atualização ‘Observatorio Lázaro’ ao longo de um período de 9 meses. Uma amostra de 130 itens lexicais em inglês foi coletada e submetida a uma análise qualitativa e descritiva aprofundada. Cada empréstimo foi consultado no DAD ‒o mais recente dicionário de anglicismos relacionados ao esporte em espanhol‒ e foi ilustrado por um exemplo real de seu uso no contexto extraído de jornais espanhóis atuais. Aprofundouse a terminologia associada a um amplo espectro de esportes específicos – como golfe, basquete, rugby, ciclismo, etc. –. Os resultados mostram que, embora alguns termos não tenham conexão com o restante dos estrangeirismos, muitos deles podem ser agrupados de acordo com determinados parâmetros. Considerando as funções pragmáticas, o uso dos anglicismos mostrou-se não aleatório e sim uma resposta aos propósitos dos repórteres e jornalistas. O estudo conclui que a influência generalizada exercida pelo inglês sobre o espanhol nos anglicismos esportivos técnicos/semi-técnicos permanece em pleno vigor e efeito nos dias de hoje, pois esse impacto afeta o vocabulário de uma ampla variedade de jogos e exercícios esportivos.peerReviewe
Caza responsable en el horizonte del siglo XXI
No full textLa edición impresa fue publicada en 2020 por el Servicio de Publicaciones de la UEx, con el ISBN 978-84-9127-082-9.Son editores literarios de esta edición: Sebastián J. Hidalgo de Trucios y Juan Ignacio Rengifo GallegoLa Caza ha sido una actividad consustancial a la especie humana desde sus orígenes, marcando su biología y evolución. En la actualidad, nuevas tendencias de opinión, la consideran cruel e innecesaria, convirtiéndola en objeto de controversia, constituyendo un claro exponente del conflicto latente entre una España rural y otra urbanita. En este contexto, se hace necesario hablar de CAZA RESPONSABLE desde el presente y mirando al futuro. Este libro analiza desde diversas perspectivas evolutiva, social, ética, moral, estadística, formativa y científica, la necesidad de que la caza y su gestión deben estar basada en una investigación científica que avale su sostenibilidad y garantice la conservación de nuestro medio ambiente y su biodiversidad .El medio rural y los hábitats agrícolas, constituyen la mayoría de nuestro medio natural, donde se alberga una parte sustancial de nuestra fauna, que depende directamente de la gestión que en ellos se realice. Por ello puede resultar esencial estimular y premiar mediante un reconocimiento certificado, aquella buena gestión traducida en la conservación y calidad de los valores naturales que proteja.Hunting has been an activity inherent to the human species since its origins, marking its biology and evolution. Currently, new trends of opinion consider it cruel and unnecessary, making it an object of controversy, constituting a clear exponent of the latent conflict between a rural Spain and an urban one. In this context, it is necessary to talk about RESPONSIBLE HUNTING from the present and looking to the future. This book analyzes from various evolutionary, social, ethical, moral, statistical, educational and scientific perspectives, the need for hunting and its management to be based on scientific research that guarantees its sustainability and guarantees the conservation of our environment and its biodiversity. The rural environment and agricultural habitats constitute the majority of our natural environment, where a substantial part of our fauna is home, which depends directly on the management carried out there. For this reason, it may be essential to stimulate and reward, through certified recognition, good management translated into the conservation and quality of the natural values that it protects.peerReviewe