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Multi-person 3D pose estimation from unlabelled data
No full textIts numerous applications make multi-human 3D pose estimation a remarkably impactful area of research. Nevertheless, it presents several challenges, especially when approached using multiple views and regular RGB cameras as the only input. First, each person must be uniquely identified in the different views. Secondly, it must be robust to noise, partial occlusions, and views where a person may not be detected. Thirdly, many pose estimation approaches rely on environment-specific annotated datasets that are frequently prohibitively expensive and/or require specialised hardware. Specifically, this is the first multi-camera, multi-person data-driven approach that does not require an annotated dataset. In this work, we address these three challenges with the help of self-supervised learning. In particular, we present a three-staged pipeline and a rigorous evaluation providing evidence that our approach performs faster than other state-of-the-art algorithms, with comparable accuracy, and most importantly, does not require annotated datasets. The pipeline is composed of a 2D skeleton detection step, followed by a Graph Neural Network to estimate cross-view correspondences of the people in the scenario, and a Multi-Layer Perceptron that transforms the 2D information into 3D pose estimations. Our proposal comprises the last two steps, and it is compatible with any 2D skeleton detector as input. These two models are trained in a self-supervised manner, thus avoiding the need for datasets annotated with 3D ground-truth poses.Experiments were run on Aston EPS Machine Learning Server, funded by the EPSRC Core Equipment Fund, Grant EP/V036106/1. This work was also supported by the Spanish Government under Grants PID2022-137344OB-C31, TED2021-131739BC22, and PDC2022-133597-C41.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature.peerReviewe
Education for democratic citizenship in teacher training in Iberoamerica
No full textDesde la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales, en todos los países democráticos, se plantea la necesidad de una educación para la ciudadanía que ayude a contrarrestar el auge de las ideologías populistas de extrema derecha o neofascistas. Muchos de nuestros países han sufrido dictaduras y sabemos lo importante que es educar en competencias de cultura democrática. Pero para que se imponga una auténtica educación democrática se debe ir más allá del conocimiento de las instituciones políticas, es decir, hemos de apostar por una educación para la participación activa de la ciudadanía. Y este proceso solo será posible si comenzamos por investigar e innovar en la formación del profesorado. Es imprescindible que cualquier cambio educativo comience por la formación del profesorado si queremos que no fracase
La imagen de las marcas de vinos: como maximizar su posicionamento estratégico, a través del diseño de etiquetas
No full textPrograma de Doctorado en Información y ComunicaciónEl mercado está lleno de marcas e imágenes de diversos productos, y cuando se trata del mundo del vino, no es una excepción. Con un simbolismo muy fuerte de sofisticación, cultura y bebida social, también rico en placeres y descubrimientos, hace del vino un producto excelente, muy apreciado y buscado en Portugal y en varios países. Aunque la identidad visual es importante en muchas otras marcas o en todas las categorías de productos, optamos por analizar el sector del vino.
Más que evaluar o analizar el comportamiento de las marcas, el principal objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la importancia que se atribuye a la identidad visual de la imagen del vino (diseño y etiqueta), tanto para el éxito de los vinos como para el posicionamiento estratégico al que se dirige a un público específico, lo que nos permite un análisis más concreto y dirigido.
En la fase de investigación, dividida en dos partes, se desarrolló un marco teórico, a partir de una revisión de la literatura en diversas áreas, desde las marcas, los objetos de comunicación, el diseño y el sector vivinícola, orientada al estudio de la identidad visual.
En una segunda parte se realizaron entrevistas y cuestionarios a propietarios de bodegas y/o responsables de imagen de marca, concretamente de la Península Ibérica, sobre fenómenos asociados a la imagen de marca.The market is full of brands and images that come from several products, being the wine industry no exception. With a strong symbolism of sophistication, culture and as a socially related drink, as well as rich in pleasure and discovery, wine is a product of excellence largely appreciated and searched for in Portugal and several other countries.
Whilst visual identity is important in many other brands and product categories, this study is focused on analyzing its relevance on the wine sector.
More than evaluate or analyze brand’s behavior, the primary goal for this investigation is to analyze the importance atributed to visual identity on wine’s associated image (design and label), whether for success of the product or its strategic placement intended for a specific public, consequentially allowing a more concrete and aimed analysis.
In a two-part investigation phase was first developed a theoretical framework initiated with a literary revision in several areas of study such as brands, communication object, design and the wine sector, directed to the study on visual image. And secondly were conducted interviews and questionnaire surveys directed to winery owners and/or individuals responsible for its brand image, particularly on Iberian Peninsula, on what corresponds to the phenomena associated to brand image.O mercado está repleto de marcas e imagens de vários produtos, e, no que toca ao mundo dos vinhos, não há exceção. Com um fortíssimo simbolismo de sofisticação, de cultura e de bebida social, rico também em prazer e descobertas, faz do vinho um pro-duto de excelência muito apreciado e procurado em Portugal e em diversos países. Em-bora a identidade visual seja importante em muitas outras marcas ou todas as categorias de produtos, optamos por analisar o sector dos vinhos.
Mais do que avaliar ou analisar o comportamento das marcas, o objetivo principal desta investigação passa por analisar qual é a importância atribuída à identidade visual da imagem dos vinhos (design e rótulo), quer para o sucesso dos vinhos quer para o posici-onamento estratégico direcionado a um público específico o que nos permite uma aná-lise mais concreta e direcionada.
Na fase da investigação, dividida em duas partes, desenvolveu-se um enquadramento teórico iniciado com a revisão da literatura a várias áreas desde as marcas, objeto de comunicação, design e do setor vitivinícola, direcionado para o estudo da identidade visual. Numa segunda parte, realizaram-se as entrevistas e os inquéritos por questioná-rio a proprietários de adegas e/ou responsáveis pela imagem das marcas, especifica-mente na Península Ibérica, no que respeita aos fenómenos que estão associados à ima-gem de marca.
Os dados alcançados na sequência da metodologia aplicada permitiram-nos contrastar as hipóteses e compreender a importância atribuída à identidade visual das marcas de vinho para o seu sucesso
«Y es como si tocase a Gloria»: la escenificación de la Fiesta en el Real Monasterio de Santa María de Guadalupe (ss. XVI-XVIII)
No full textEl Real Monasterio de Santa María de Guadalupe ha ocupado un lugar preponderante en el culto a la Virgen llegando a ser, sin duda, el centro de devoción mariana más importante de la península ibérica desde su fundación, en la tercera década del siglo XIV. La orden jerónima, a quien se entregó el monasterio para su regencia en 1389, contribuyó de manera significativa a realzar este culto, administrando mandas y bienes y sirviendo espiritualmente a los peregrinos durante casi cuatro siglos y medio. Uno de los aspectos más interesantes de esta regencia fue la creación de espacios de culto donde desarrollar sus ceremonias y representar en ellos los aspectos más impactantes de las fiestas, sobre todo, el día de la Natividad de la Virgen: liturgia, escena, música, todo aquello que, causando el mayor impacto visual y auditivo, moviera a la devoción de los fieles.
En nuestro trabajo, se examinarán las principales fuentes que proporcionan información sobre la Fiesta, principalmente, los libros de costumbres, liturgia del monasterio y otras fuentes escritas por los mismos jerónimos; se describirán además los espacios principales del monasterio donde tenía lugar la Fiesta, así como la escenificación de la misma a través de la institución y desarrollo de ciertas ceremonias, el uso de variadas prácticas musicales y la interpretación de diversos repertorios.The Royal Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe has occupied a preponderant place in the cult of the Virgin, becoming, without doubt, the most important centre of Marian devotion on the Iberian Peninsula since its foundation in the third decade of the 14th century. The Hieronymite order, to whom the monastery was handed over for its regency in 1389, contributed significantly to enhancing this cult, administering 'mandas' and 'bienes' and spiritually serving pilgrims for almost four and a half centuries. One of the most interesting aspects of this regency was the creation of places of worship where the ceremonies could be held and where the most striking aspects of the festivities could be represented, especially on the day of the Nativity of the Virgin: liturgy, scenes, music, everything that, causing the greatest visual and auditory impact, would move the devotion of the faithful.
In our work, we will examine the main sources that provide information about the Feast, mainly the books of customs, the monastery liturgy and other sources written by the Hieronymites themselves; we will also describe the main areas of the monastery where the Feast took place, as well as the staging of the same through the institution and development of certain ceremonies, the use of various musical practices and the performance of diverse repertoire.Este libro forma parte del proyecto "El patrimonio musical de la España Moderna (siglos XVII-XVIII): Transferencia de resultados y proyección social". Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. PDC2021-121092-C21.peerReviewe
Marcelo Caetano’s State visit to Spain in the Spanish and Portuguese press: the opinion coverage
No full textLa investigación aborda el posicionamiento editorial que 15 periódicos y revistas españolas y portuguesas realizaron del viaje oficial que Marcelo Caetano giró a España en 1970. Los editoriales y artículos de opinión publicados se analizan mediante el empleo de una metodología cuantitativa, cualitativa y comparativa, lo que ha permitido advertir diferentes orientaciones ideológicas. El trabajo concluye que los diarios oficiales y algunos moderados se mostraron triunfalistas; que fueron escasas las valoraciones que se distanciaron de las consignas oficiales, y que la prensa de oposición osciló entre silenciar su parecer y expresar sus reservas ante ambos regímenes.This research deals with the editorial positioning of 15 Spanish and Portuguese newspapers and magazines on Marcelo Caetano’s official visit to Spain in 1970. The editorials and opinion articles are analysed using a quantitative, qualitative and comparative methodology. We identify different ideological orientations. The paper concludes that the official newspapers and some moderate ones were triumphalist in the opinions expressed; few opinions distanced themselves from the official political slogans; and the opposition press oscillated between keeping silent and expressing reservations about both regimes.peerReviewe
Prototype plant for indirect low-pressure steam generation with Fresnel solar collectors: Sizing and commissioning tests
No full textConcentrating solar Fresnel technology is a promising option for renewable solar heat generation in industrial processes. There are many sectors with medium and low-temperature heat demand in which water could be used as a heat transfer fluid (HTF), without the drawbacks of thermal oils in indirect steam generation systems. However, this technology is not widely used and there is limited experience in its design, control, and management. This justifies the significance of this work, in which a Fresnel collector solar plant for low-pressure indirect steam generation was dimensioned and adapted to the constraints imposed by its location in a real industry. Water is used as primary fluid, and the steam generator is a kettle reboiler. A simplified method based on the incidence angle modifier (IAM) was developed and applied to estimate the expected efficiency and power, and to size the plant accordingly. This method proved to be valid for predicting the behavior of the system, although it overestimated the power output. Further analysis is needed in order to improve the results. The main components of the system, the variables and control parameters were described. Several commissioning tests were carried out to verify the methodology used for the plant sizing, to analyze its performance, and to optimize the value of different control parameters. The minimum global radiation required to start the system was defined as 200 W/m2 during a minimum time of 300 s. This radiation level prevented start-ups during hours when the expected energy generation was lower than the energy consumption. It was also observed that decreasing the frequency of kettle water refilling reduced its negative impact on the steam generation process. This solar plant will be useful for future research involving tests under different working conditions, modeling, system optimization, and analysis of energy and steam production or soiling influence.The authors would like to thank the grant TED2021-129176BI00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, as well as Research, Development and Renewable energies for new business models in Centro, Extremadura and Alentejo Project (0330_IDERCEXA_4_E).peerReviewe
Contributions of a blog to the identity, development and professionalisation of Social Education
No full textLos medios sociales tienen un especial protagonismo en la sociedad actual y esto está teniendo su reflejo en el desarrollo de las profesiones. La Educación Social no escapa ante esta realidad y a esto podemos añadir la falta de estudios al respecto. Este artículo presenta parte del análisis realizado en el seno de una investigación más amplia sobre la contribución a la Educación Social de un blog con más de 15 años de andadura denominado “Educablog”. El Objetivo es analizar la contribución del blog a la identidad, al desarrollo profesional, y a la profesionalización de la Educación Social, desde la percepción de los y las usuarias profesionales. En esta investigación hemos optado por una metodología cualitativa y se ha utilizado la línea de vida donde nos hemos apoyado en el uso de fotografías para recabar la información. El discurso generado en el desarrollo de la dinámica evidencia aportes significativos desde “Educablog” en la profesionalización, la identidad profesional y el desarrollo profesional de la Educación Social. Del mismo modo, se ha evidenciado que los medios digitales han acompañado de manera significativa la evolución de la Educación Social dentro y fuera de este objeto de estudio.Social media have a special role in today's society and this is being reflected in the development of the professions. Social Education does not escape from this reality and to this we can add the lack of studies on the subject. This article presents part of the analysis carried out as part of a wider investigation into the contribution to Social Education of a blog called "Educablog", which has been running for more than 15 years. The aim is to analyse the contribution of the blog to the identity, professional development and professionalisation of Social Education, from the perspective of professional users. In this research we have opted for a qualitative methodology and we have used the lifeline where we have relied on the use of photographs to gather information. The discourse generated in the development of the dynamic shows significant contributions from “Educablog” in the professionalization, professional identity and professional development of Social Education. In the same way, it has been shown that digital media have significantly accompanied the evolution of Social Education within and outside this object of study.peerReviewe
Pre-service teachers' perceptions of acceptance of mobile technologies in teaching-learning processes. A Case Study
No full textLa crisis pandémica evidenció la necesidad de una transformación tecnológica y digital de la universidad, proceso ya iniciado y que ha supuesto un antes y un después en la incorporación de las tecnologías en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por otro lado, los maestros en prácticas suponen un colectivo privilegiado en tanto que se hallan al final de su proceso formativo, en contacto con docentes en activo y serán pilares de la formación social. Por ello, este estudio pretende analizar las percepciones de los maestros en prácticas de la Universidad de Granada, sobre la aceptación e inclusión de smartphones en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, a raíz de la crisis pandémica de la Covid-19. Se implementó una metodología cualitativa (focus group) con una muestra de 16 maestros en prácticas perteneciente al área de ciencias sociales. Los resultados mostraron una incorporación de las tecnologías en futuros docentes, la necesidad de implementación de smartphones así como la alfabetización móvil de estudiantes y profesores. Del mismo modo, se subrayan diferencias generacionales, la relevancia de la motivación y de la percepción en utilidad y facilidad de uso de los dispositivos. Se concluye la necesidad de acciones formativa en docentes y centros educativos para dar una respuesta eficaz a las necesidades sociales y educacionales. Por ello, la universidad, instituciones educativas y maestros, deben esforzarse por comprender el alcance de la enseñanza móvil y las posibilidades de los smartphones en el incremento de la motivación y la adquisición de competencias básicas. Se precisa realizar estudios futuros que amplíen el ámbito de análisis a distintas áreas y contextos.The pandemic crisis highlighted the need for a technological and digital transformation of the university, a process that has already begun and that has marked a before and after in the incorporation of technologies in the teaching-learning processes. On the other hand, teachers in training are a privileged group as they are at the end of their training process, in contact with active teachers and will be pillars of social training. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the perceptions of trainee teachers at the University of Granada on the acceptance and inclusion of smartphones in teaching and learning processes, as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. A qualitative methodology (focus group) was implemented with a sample of 16 trainee teachers belonging to the area of social sciences. The results showed an incorporation of technologies in future teachers, the need for the implementation of smartphones, as well as mobile literacy for students and teachers. In the same way, generational differences, the relevance of motivation and perception in usefulness and ease of use of devices are highlighted. It is concluded that there is a need for training actions in teachers and educational centers to provide an effective response to social and educational needs. For this reason, universities, educational institutions and teachers must strive to understand the scope of mobile teaching and the possibilities of smartphones in increasing motivation and the acquisition of basic skills. Future studies are needed to broaden the scope of analysis to different areas and contextspeerReviewe
Programa de formación continua en línea para profesores de Educación Especial que trabajan con jóvenes y adultos con discapacidad intelectual
No full textLa construcción de un programa formativo teórico práctico en la perspectiva de la formación continuada docente titulado “Prácticas Basadas en Evidencias: Un Abordaje Integrativo de la Discapacidad Intelectual” se realizó junto a los profesores de Educación Especial. Se sabe que el proceso de formación continuada es fundamental para la integración de conceptos e información actualizada de acuerdo con las perspectivas y las investigaciones más actuales. Este estudio buscó presentar los resultados recopilados con base en las actividades teóricas realizadas por los docentes de Educación Especial, utilizando la evaluación pre y post test de la intervención. Participaron 10 profesores de Educación Especial del Estado de Paraná, Brasil. Los resultados mostraron, a través de los datos recopilados, que los profesores participantes presentaron gradualmente un mayor aprendizaje de los conocimientos adquiridos, y apunta a la necesidad de formaciones continuadas en línea que busquen auxiliar en el aprendizaje de los profesores para su actuación junto a jóvenes y adultos con discapacidad intelectual.The construction of a theoretical practical training program in the perspective of continuous teacher training, entitled “Evidence Based Practices: An Integrative Approach to Intellectual Disability” was carried out with special education teachers. It is known that the process of continuous training is fundamental for the integration of concepts and updated information according to the most current perspectives and research. This study aimed to present the results collected based on the theoretical activities conducted by special education teachers, utilizing pre and post test evaluations of the intervention. Participated 10 special education teachers from the state of Paraná, Brazil. The results showed, through the collected data, that the participating teachers gradually exhibited greater learning of the acquired knowledge, highlighting the need for continuous online training to assist teachers in their work with young people and adults with intellectual disabilities.A construção de um Programa formativo teórico prático na perspectiva da formação continuada docente intitulado “Práticas Baseadas em Evidências uma Abordagem Integrativa da Deficiência Intelectual” foi realizada junto aos professores da educação especial, sabe-se que o processo de formação continuada é fundamental para integração de conceitos e informações atualizadas de acordo com as perspectivas e pesquisas mais atuais. Este estudo buscou apresentar os resultados coletados com base nas Atividades teóricas realizadas pelos/as Docentes da educação especial de forma que utilizou se da avaliação pré e pós teste da intervenção. Participaram 10 professores da educação especial do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Os resultados mostraram por meio dos dados coletados que os professores participantes apresentaram gradativamente maior aprendizagem dos conhecimentos adquiridos, e aponta para necessidade de formações continuadas online que busquem auxiliar na aprendizagem dos professores para sua atuação junto a jovens e adultos com deficiência intelectual.peerReviewe
Unfruitful chemical pathway for interstellar furan: formation of the four isomers of 1-butenol-3-yne
No full textHeteroc ycles hav e not been detected in the interstellar medium (ISM) yet. Ho we ver , the direct in volvement of some pentagonal heterocycles within the formation of key biomolecules for the origin of life makes the search for these systems in the ISM rele v ant for understanding whether some of the bricks of life could be formed in the ISM. We have explored the possible formation of the simple heterocycle furan (c-C 4 H 4 O) under interstellar conditions, through the reaction between two interstellar species, syn -vinyl alcohol ( syn -VA) and the CCH radical. We employed state-of-the-art quantum-chemical calculations to elucidate the reaction mechanism between the reaction of CCH radical and syn -VA. Kinetic simulations were carried out aiming to quantitatively assess the viability of this reaction in the ISM. We have found a reaction pathway to furan where all energy barriers are submerged. Ho we ver, the formation of this heterocycle is not feasible because the intermediates leading to furan can evolve through more favourable routes. In contrast, we have found viable pathways for the formation of the four isomers of 1-butenol-3-yne (HCCCHCHOH) ( Z- syn , E- syn , E- anti , and Z- anti ), which thus are promising species to be detected in the ISM. Our theoretical work indicates that the four isomers of 1-butenol-3-yne should be present in the ISM because the precursors are known interstellar species, and the kinetic simulations indicate that their formation is very likely. We then encourage the observational search of these molecules in the ISM.JGdlC and VMR acknowledge the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) through project number PID2022-136814NB-I00 from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities/State Agency of Research MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ‘ERDF A way of making Europe’. VMR also acknowledges support from project number RYC2020-029387-I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ‘ESF, Investing in your future’; from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and the Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) through the project 20225AT015 (Proyectos intramurales especiales del CSIC); and from the grant CNS2023-144464 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ‘European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR’. Computational assistance was provided by the Supercomputer facilities of LUSITANIA founded by Cénits and Computaex Foundation.peerReviewe