University of Extremadura
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The Rural Economy and Family Firms: A Bibliometric Analysis Through Scientific Maps
No full textSince the beginning of the research on the family business and rural economy, there
has been a problem with the delimitation of the concepts. Given this problem, this study’s main
objective was to identify and visualize the intellectual structure of these two issues through scientific
maps. To meet this objective, an evaluation of scientific performance and production was carried out
with bibliometric indicators to extract the main research topics around these two areas through an
analysis of the co-occurrence of keywords with scientific maps. The results show that research on
family businesses and rural economy is booming, especially on family businesses that have higher
productivity and performance. Regarding the main topics studied regarding family businesses and
the rural economy, a total of 16 main themes were detected, highlighting the topic of entrepreneurship.
The study of land management in transboundary environments is a potential line of future research.peerReviewe
Impact of 5’ Adenosine Monophosphate, Potassium Chloride, and Glycine on the Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Sodium-Reduced Chicken
No full textLa demanda de productos bajos en sodio está creciendo en todo el mundo y se ve impulsada por el creciente número de enfermedades relacionadas. Sin embargo, la calidad de estos productos podría mejorarse, comparándolos con productos elaborados con sal común (NaCl), ya que la sustitución del sodio compromete el sabor del producto. La reducción de sales de sodio también plantea un desafío esencial para la industria cárnica, ya que el cloruro de sodio (NaCl) cumple funciones tecnológicas esenciales. El alto consumo de sodio tiene implicaciones perjudiciales para la salud en trastornos cardiovasculares e hipertensión. Como resultado, este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el efecto del KCl con Glicina y AMP sobre las características fisicoquímicas y sensoriales, la intención de compra y la percepción del consumidor del pollo asado. Se establecieron niveles de reemplazo de NaCl/KCl (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% y 100%), y se evaluaron la percepción del consumidor, el agrado, las emociones y la intención de compra. Los diferentes niveles de KCl, excepto por la firmeza, no impactaron los atributos fisicoquímicos. Aunque los niveles más altos de reemplazo de KCl (75-100%) afectaron la ternura del pollo, no tuvieron un impacto notable en las puntuaciones de agrado de los panelistas y la intención de compra. También se ha demostrado que las afirmaciones sobre el contenido de sodio en el pollo asado aumentan significativamente la intención de compra, basándose en la mejora de las respuestas emocionales del consumidor. En cuanto a las respuestas emocionales, los sentimientos de inseguridad y preocupación disminuyeron sus puntuaciones entre los niveles más altos de reemplazo de KCl (75% y 100%). Las respuestas emocionales positivas (sentirse satisfecho y complacido) fueron predictores decisivos de la intención de compra del consumidor.The demand for low-sodium products is growing worldwide and is compelled by the growing number of related illnesses. However, the quality of these products could be improved, likened to products produced with common salt (NaCL), because the replacement of sodium com promises the flavor of the product. Reducing sodium salts also poses an essential challenge for the meat industry, since sodium chloride (NaCl) fulfills essential technological functions. High sodium consumption has harmful health implications for cardiovascular and hypertension disorders. As a result, this study aimed to analyze the effect of KCl with Glycine and AMP on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics, purchase intent, and consumer perception of roasted chicken. NaCl/KCl replacement levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were established, and consumer perception, liking, emotions, and purchase intent were evaluated. The different KCl levels, except for firmness, did not impact the physicochemical attributes. Even though higher replacement levels of KCl (75–100%)
impacted chicken tenderness, it had no notable impact on panelists’ liking scores and purchase intent. Health claims about the sodium content in roasted chicken have also been shown to significantly increase purchase intent, based on enhancing consumer’s emotional responses. Regarding emotional responses, feelings of being unsafe and worried decreased their scores among the highest KCl replacement levels (75% and 100%). Positive emotional responses (feeling satisfied and pleased) were decisive consumer purchase intent predictors.This research was funded by the University National of Agriculture (Honduras) (Ref. HnSubvención 003-2023) with the International Development Research Center of Canada (IDRC) and the General Secretariat of the Council Central American University Superior (CSUCA) (Ref. C-DSIP-008-2023-UNAG).peerReviewe
Agrarian property, its social function and its limits reflections on a permanent path to travel
No full textEstudio en torno al concepto de propiedad agraria y los diferentes límites que sobre ella recaen como consecuencia de la función social que, en defensa y desarrollo del medioambiente y el espacio agrario, se le exige por el ordenamiento nacional y europeo.Study around the concept of agricultural property and the different limits that fall on it as a consequence of the social function that, in defense and development of the environment and agricultural space, is required by national and European.peerReviewe
Distribution, diversity and genetic structure of alders (“Alnus lusitanica” and “A. glutinosa”) in Spain
No full textAlders (“Alnus” spp., Betulaceae) are keystone pioneer species in riparian habitats. In the Mediterranean Basin, where the diploid “Alnus glutinosa” coexists with the recently discovered tetraploid “A. lusitanica”, the distribution, diversity and genetic structure of alder species is unknown. The main objectives of this study were to report the distribution of “A. glutinosa” and “A. lusitanica”, quantify the local genetic diversity of populations and explore the presence of putative hybrids resulting from the coexistence of “A. lusitanica” and “A. glutinosa” individuals in Spain. We assessed 627 individuals from 22 natural alder populations by combining chromosome counts, flow cytometry and microsatellite markers (SSRs) analyses. The ploidy analysis, validated through chromosome counts, revealed the presence of 92 diploid and 535 tetraploid trees from three “A. glutinosa” and 18 “A. lusitanica” pure populations, respectively. Notably, no hybrids were detected, not even in Assa, the only population where both species co- occur. The occurrence of mixed ploidy level in alder is reported for the first time in Spain (Assa, Logroño, within the Ebro basin). SSR analysis revealed robust genetic differentiation between the two species and distinctive patterns of variation within “A. glutinosa”. The high level of differentiation observed was supported by the most probable population clustering determined through PCA and STRUCTURE analyses, along with the identification of a high number of private alleles. For “A. lusitanica”, the results revealed three distinct genetic groups, geographically distributed. Positive genetic and geographical distance correlations indicated that differentiation could have been driven by isolation by distance. In light of the results, “A. lusitanica” is the most representative, widespread and genetically variable alder species in Spain, and “A. glutinosa” is restricted to the north-east of the country. The Ebro riverbank is a contact zone between “A. lusitanica” and “A. glutinosa” species, in which no evidence of hybridization was detected yet. Finally, with focus on management, our findings may suggest considering “A. lusitanica” as a new species, which should be regulated by the forest reproductive material legislation.This study was funded by the Directorate General of Biodiversity Forest and Desertification from the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge through the National Rural Development Program 2014–2020 which is co-financed by 75% from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (FEADER), and by the National Investigation Agency (AEI) from the Ministry of Science and Innovation through Next Generation EU funds (TED2021–130790BC32 project).peerReviewe
Reações emocionais e comportamentais numa experiência de degustação de queijo: Segmentações em função do género, geração e da familiaridade
No full textEste artículo pretende abordar la evaluación de la aplicación de elementos sensoriales en el desarrollo de experiencias de turismo gastronómico. Las experiencias de turismo gastronómico son, por naturaleza, multisensoriales e inmersivas. Sin embargo, para motivar y aumentar la eficacia y emoción de estas experiencias, los gestores y empresarios deben incluir más estímulos sensoriales en el entorno para estimular los sentidos, y mejorar así la respuesta afectiva y conductual de los turistas. Este estudio analiza las diferentes respuestas afectivas y conductuales de diversos segmentos de mercado cuando se exponen a estímulos visuales, olfativos y auditivos en una experiencia de degustación de quesos. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un experimento multimetodológico de una experiencia turística simulada. Se analizó la respuesta galvánica de la piel en busca de información emocional implícita y se midieron las emociones y las intenciones a través de un cuestionario. Los resultados muestran la relevancia de la aplicación de la música en experiencias gastronómicas; y tendencias generacionales y de género en la elección e intenciones según estímulos sensoriales y respuestas producto-experiencia. Se trata de un tema de gran relevancia en el desarrollo turístico, ya que tiene implicaciones específicas en el disfrute y diseño de dichas experiencias.This paper aims to address the evaluation of the application of sensory elements in the development of gastronomic tourism experiences. Gastronomic tourism experiences are, by nature, multisensory and immersive. However, in order to motivate and increase the effectiveness and emotionality of these experiences, managers and entrepreneurs must include more sensory stimuli in the environment to stimulate the senses, and thus improve the affective and behavioral response of the tourists. This study analyses the different affective and behavioural responses of diverse marketing segments when exposed to visual, olfactory and auditory stimuli in a cheese-tasting experience. To this end, an experimental multi-methodological of a simulated tourism experience was conducted. Galvanic skin response was analysed for implicit emotional information and emotional and intentional was measured through a questionnaire. The results show the relevance of the application of music in gastronomic experiences; and generational and gender trends in the choice and intentions according to sensory stimuli and product-experience responses. This is a topic of great relevance in tourism development, as it has specific implications for the enjoyment and design of such experiences.peerReviewe
The Oxidation of ZrB2/MoSi2 Ceramics in Dissociated Air: The Influence of the Elaboration Technique
No full textCon el fin de investigar las condiciones más extremas en las que se pueden operar materiales potencialmente aplicables en escudos térmicos reutilizables, el ZrB de ultra alta temperatura2 cerámicas con 20 vol.% MoSi2 se prepararon utilizando dos técnicas diferentes, prensado isostático en frío (CIP) y robocasting (RC, una técnica de fabricación aditiva), seguido de consolidación mediante sinterización por plasma por chispa sin presión (SPS). El comportamiento de oxidación de los materiales resultantes se analizó en aire disociado a baja presión a tres temperaturas diferentes, a saber, 1800, 2000 y 2200 K. Utilizando XRD y SEM de superficie y sección transversal (junto con EDS), se encontró que el zirconio se formaba a las tres temperaturas, mientras que el sílice solo estaba presente a 1800 K, con la formación de SiO gaseoso a una temperatura más alta. La técnica de elaboración influye en la densidad de la cerámica, y los materiales menos densos sufren una oxidación más profunda. Esta investigación sugiere que 2000 K ya está más allá del umbral de temperatura máxima en el que el daño a la cerámica está limitado por la formación de sílice protectora. Este estudio confirma que el material seleccionado es un candidato prometedor para aplicaciones de protección térmica.In order to investigate the most extreme conditions in which materials potentially applicable in reusable thermal shields can be operated, ultra-high-temperature ZrB2 ceramics with 20 vol.% MoSi2 were prepared using two different techniques, cold isostatic pressing (CIP) and robocasting (RC, an additive manufacturing technique), followed by consolidation using pressureless spark plasma sintering (SPS). The oxidation behavior of the resulting materials was analyzed in low-pressure dissociated air at three different temperatures, namely 1800, 2000 and 2200 K. Using XRD and surface and cross-section SEM (coupled with EDS), zirconia was found to form at all three temperatures, while silica was only present at 1800 K, with gaseous SiO forming at a higher temperature. The elaboration technique influences the density of the ceramic, and less dense materials undergo deeper oxidation. This investigation suggests that 2000 K is already beyond the maximum temperature threshold at which damage to ceramics is limited by the formation of protective silica. This study confirms that the selected material is a promising candidate for thermal protection applications.This research was funded through the M-ERA.NET project 2021 “AM-ACTS” by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, grant number ANR-22-MER3-0001; by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, grant number PCI2022-132933; and the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR.peerReviewe
A comparative approach to GIS modelling of terrestrial mobility in archaeological sites. The iron age hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja as a study case
No full textEl análisis arqueológico de la movilidad histórica es un tema cada vez más estudiado gracias a las nuevas tecnologías de la información geográfica. En este trabajo se propone un ejercicio de modelización del comportamiento espacial de una comunidad de la Segunda Edad del Hierro en el Valle Medio del Tajo: el castro de Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, Cáceres). Partiendo del conocimiento de la configuración del yacimiento y de los asentamientos circundantes, proponemos un uso heurístico de una serie de herramientas SIG para comprender cómo se estructuraba la relación espacial entre ambos elementos. Más concretamente, comparamos los resultados obtenidos con distintos métodos de cálculo que combinan dos variables esenciales para abordar esta cuestión: la movilidad y las relaciones de visibilidad. Por un lado, evaluamos los resultados con la aplicación de una metodología ya desarrollada: el análisis MADO. Por otro lado, presentamos un procedimiento complementario para el cálculo de Caminos de Mínimo Coste (LCP), considerando la visibilidad como elemento clave en la movilidad. La metodología utiliza los mismos datos, en un caso de estudio paradigmático para la comparación de resultados. Se evalúan así las diferencias obtenidas mediante el uso de distintas herramientas, con el fin de ponderar el conocimiento adicional o complementario que pueden aportarnos para investigar cuestiones de investigación arqueológica como la arquitectura defensiva del castro o la distribución de otros asentamientos cercanos.The archaeological analysis of Historical mobility is an increasingly studied topic thanks to new geographic information technologies. This paper proposes a modelling exercise of the spatial behaviour of a Second Iron Age community in the Middle Tagus Valley: the hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, Cáceres). Based on our knowledge of the configuration of the site and the surrounding settlements, we propose a heuristic use of a series of GIS tools to understand how the spatial relationship between both elements was structured. More specifically, we compare the results obtained with different calculation methods that combine two essential variables to address this issue: mobility and visibility relations. On the one hand, we evaluate the results with the application of an already developed methodology: the MADO analysis. On the other hand, we present a complementary procedure for the calculation of Least Cost Paths (LCP), considering the visibility as a key element in the mobility. The methodology uses the same data, in a paradigmatic case study for comparing results. The differences obtained through the use of different tools are thus evaluated in order to weigh up the additional or complementary knowledge that they can provide us with to investigate archaeological research questions such as the defensive architecture of the hillfort or the distribution of other nearby settlements.peerReviewe
Violencia que engendra miedo, miedo que engendra violencia: "Siete contra Tebas"
No full textEn Siete contra Tebas, en el contexto del inminente asalto a la ciudad, la violencia de la guerra genera reacciones diferentes en ciudadanos y en mujeres. Mientras aquellos abordan la situación con serenidad y racionalidad, las jóvenes del coro responden con una explosión emocional que irrita al rey. En este trabajo analizaremos con perspectiva de género las actitudes de personajes y coro y la sorprendente respuesta de Eteocles, violenta, desmesurada y tan emocional como la de ellas.In Seven against Thebes, in the context of the imminent attack on the city, the violence of war generates different reactions in citizens and women. While those approach the situation with serenity and rationality, the young women of the chorus respond with an emotional outburst that irritates the king. In this work we will analyze from a gender perspective the attitudes of the characters and the chorus and the surprising reaction of Eteocles, violent, disproportionate, and as emotional as that of the women’s.peerReviewe
Modelos de argumentos en la narrativa de Murakami
No full textEl propósito del trabajo es indagar en la narrativa de Haruki Murakami a fin de reconocer, entre sus diversos argumentos, modelos de afinidad temática y organización estructural. La metodología aplicada parte de los postulados de la crítica literaria estructuralista (Todorov, Greimas) e incorpora asimismo el enfoque de relevantes especialistas (Seats, Strecher, Rubio) sobre el autor. Al atender a una serie de obras, se constatan confluencias estructurales apreciables entre ellas (novelas y cuentos). Las conclusiones extraídas permiten afirmar que las citadas obras se construyen a partir de esquemas comunes, esto es, se delimitan dos modelos temáticos y argumentales.The purpose of the work is to investigate Haruki Murakami’s narrative in order to recognize, among its various arguments, models of thematic affinity and structural organization. The applied methodology is based on the postulates of the structuralist literary criticism (Todorov, Greimas) and it also incorporates the approach of relevant specialists (Seats, Strecher, Rubio) on the author. When considering a series of works, appreciable structural confluences are observed between them (novels and stories). The conclusions drawn allow us to affirm that the aforementioned works are built from
common schemes, that is, two thematic and plot models are delimited.peerReviewe
Philosophical reflections on post-truth, truth and law ontological truth in law and temporality
No full textLa verdad siempre ha sido uno de los temas más inquietantes de la filosofía del derecho. En la actualidad vivimos una crisis de verdad enmarcada al menos en dos fenómenos: la posverdad y la realidad virtual. Como no puede haber sociedades ni organizaciones estables y prósperas sin altos niveles de verdad, se hace necesario preguntarnos constantemente por el concepto de verdad. Para ello, el artículo presenta reflexiones iusfilosóficas sobre la problemática actual, así como un acercamiento al problema de la verdad en el derecho. Posteriormente, cuestiona las aproximaciones que sostienen que no se puede predicar verdad del derecho en general y de las normas en particular, para sostener que sí es posible predicarla desde la perspectiva de la verdad ontológica y de la temporalidad. Por un lado, al predicar verdad del derecho, que pretende conectar la realidad con sus fines, y, por otro, siendo conscientes que a la verdad se llega desde la perspectiva del tiempo, pudiendo conectar pasado, presente y futuro.Truth has always been one of the most disturbing topics in the philosophy of law. Currently we are experiencing a crisis of truth framed in at least two phenomena: post-truth and virtual reality. Since there cannot be stable and prosperous societies or organizations without high levels of truth, it is necessary to constantly ask ourselves about the concept of truth. To this end, the article presents legal-philosophical reflections on the current problems, as well as an approach to the problem of truth in law. Subsequently, it questions the approaches that maintain that truth cannot be preached about law in general and norms in particular, to maintain that it is possible to preach it from the perspective of ontological truth and temporality. On the one hand, by preaching truth of the law, which aims to connect reality with its purposes, and, on the other, being aware that the truth is reached from the perspective of time, being able to connect past, present and future.peerReviewe