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An Adaptive Connectivity-based Centroid Algorithm for Node Positioning in Wireless Sensor Networks
Get PDFIn wireless sensor network applications, the position of nodes is randomly distributed following the contour of the observation area. A simple solution without any measurement tools is provided by range-free method. However, this method yields the coarse estimating position of the nodes. In this paper, we propose Adaptive Connectivity-based (ACC) algorithm. This algorithm is a combination of Centroid as range-free based algorithm, and hop-based connectivity algorithm. Nodes have a possibility to estimate their own position based on the connectivity level between them and their reference nodes. Each node divides its communication range into several regions where each of them has a certain weight depends on the received signal strength. The weighted value is used to obtain the estimated position of nodes. Simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm has up to 3 meter error of estimated position on 100x100 square meter observation area, and up to 3 hop counts for 80 meters' communication range. The proposed algorithm performs an average error positioning up to 10 meters better than Weighted Centroid algorithm.Keywords: adaptive, connectivity, centroid, range-free
Semantic Songket Image Search with Cultural Computing of Symbolic Meaning Extraction and Analytical Aggregation of Color and Shape Features
Get PDFThe term "Songket" comes from the Malay word "Sungkit", which means "to hook" or "to gouge". Every motifs names and variations was derived from plants and animals as source of inspiration to create many patterns of songket. Each of songket patterns have a philosophy in form of rhyme that refers to the nature of the sources of songket patterns and that philosophy reflects to the beliefs and values of Malay culture. In this research, we propose a system to facilitate an understanding of songket and the philosophy as a way to conserve Songket culture. We propose a system which is able to collect information in image songket motif variations based on feature extraction methods. On each image songket motif variations, we extracted philosophy of rhyme into impressions, and extracting color features of songket images using a histogram 3D-Color Vector quantization (3D-CVQ), shape feature extraction songket image using HU Moment invariants. Then, we created an image search based on impressions, and impressions search based on image. We use techniques of search based on color, shape and aggregation (combination of colors and shapes). The experiment using impression as query : 1) Result based on color, the average value of true 7.3, total score 41.9, 2) Result based on shape, the average value of true 3, total score 16.4, 3) Result based on aggregation, the average value of true 3, total score 17.4. While based using Image Query : 1) Result based on color, the average precision 95%, 2) Result based on shape, average precision 43.3%, 3) Based aggregation, the average precision 73.3%. From our experiments, it can be concluded that the best search system using query impression and query image is based on the color.Keyword : Image Search, Philosophy, impression, Songket, cultural computing, Feature Extraction, Analytical aggregation
CFD Analysis of Nozzle Exit Position Effect in Ejector Gas Removal System in Geothermal Power Plant
Get PDFThe single stage ejector is used to extract the Non CondensableGas (NCG) in the condenser using the working principle of the Venturi tube. Three dimensional computational simulation of the ejector according to the operating conditions was conducted to determine the flow in the ejector. Motive steam entering through the convergent – divergent nozzle with increasing flow velocity so that the low pressure exist around the nozzle. Comparison is done also in a two dimensional simulation to know the differences occurring phenomena and flow inside ejector. Different simulation results obtained between two dimensional and three dimensional simulation. Reverse flow which occurs in the mixing chamber made the static pressure in the area has increased dramatically. Then the variation performed on Exit Nozzle Position (NXP) to determine the changes of the flow of the NCG and the vacuum level of the ejector.Keywords: Ejector, NCG, CFD, Compressible flow
Indonesian Automatic Speech Recognition For Command Speech Controller Multimedia Player
Get PDFThe purpose of multimedia devices development is controlling through voice. Nowdays voice that can be recognized only in English. To overcome the issue, then recognition using Indonesian language model and accousticc model and dictionary. Automatic Speech Recognizier is build using engine CMU Sphinx with modified english language to Indonesian Language database and XBMC used as the multimedia player. The experiment is using 10 volunteers testing items based on 7 commands. The volunteers is classifiedd by the genders, 5 Male & 5 female. 10 samples is taken in each command, continue with each volunteer perform 10 testing command. Each volunteer also have to try all 7 command that already provided. Based on percentage clarification table, the word “Kanan†had the most recognize with percentage 83% while “pilih†is the lowest one. The word which had the most wrong clarification is “kembali†with percentagee 67%, while the word “kanan†is the lowest one. From the result of Recognition Rate by male there are several command such as “Kembaliâ€, “Utamaâ€, “Atas “ and “Bawah†has the low Recognition Rate. Especially for “kembali†cannot be recognized as the command in the female voices but in male voice that command has 4% of RR this is because the command doesn’t have similar word in english near to “kembali†so the system unrecognize the command. Also for the command “Pilih†using the female voice has 80% of RR but for the male voice has only 4% of RR. This problem is mostly because of the different voice characteristic between adult male and female which male has lower voice frequencies (from 85 to 180 Hz) than woman (165 to 255 Hz).The result of the experiment showed that each man had different number of recognition rate caused by the difference tone, pronunciation, and speed of speech. For further work needs to be done in order to improving the accouracy of the Indonesian Automatic Speech Recognition system.Keywords: Automatic Speech Recognizer, Indonesian Acoustic Model, CMU Sphinx, indonesian Language Model, Recognition Rate, XBMC
A Combination of PD Controller and PIAFC for Stabilization of “x†Configuration Quadcopter
Get PDFThis paper presents a stabilization control method for “x†configuration quadcopter. The control method used the combination of PD (Proportional Derivative) controller and PIAFC (Proportional Integral Active Force Control). PD is used to stabilize quadcopter, and PIAFC is used to reject uncertainty disturbance (e.g. wind) by estimating disturbance torque value of quadcopter. The PD with PIAFC provided better result where PIAFC could minimize uncertain disturbance effect. The simulation has successfully give comparation about controller performance (PD, PD-AFC, PD-PIAFC) by calculate RMS (Root Mean Square) value. PD with AFC gives better result than PD. AFC optimization using PI (PD-PIAFC) give best result if compared with PD or PD-AFC. PD-PIAFC has lowest RMS value of result control signal, 0.0389 for constant disturbance and 0.1008 for fluctuated disturbance.Keywords:“x†configuration quadcopter, stability, PD, PIAFC
Reinforced Intrusion Detection Using Pursuit Reinforcement Competitive Learning
Get PDFToday, information technology is growing rapidly,all information can be obtainedmuch easier. It raises some new problems; one of them is unauthorized access to the system. We need a reliable network security system that is resistant to a variety of attacks against the system. Therefore, Intrusion Detection System (IDS) required to overcome the problems of intrusions. Many researches have been done on intrusion detection using classification methods. Classification methodshave high precision, but it takes efforts to determine an appropriate classification model to the classification problem. In this paper, we propose a new reinforced approach to detect intrusion with On-line Clustering using Reinforcement Learning. Reinforcement Learning is a new paradigm in machine learning which involves interaction with the environment.It works with reward and punishment mechanism to achieve solution. We apply the Reinforcement Learning to the intrusion detection problem with considering competitive learning using Pursuit Reinforcement Competitive Learning (PRCL). Based on the experimental result, PRCL can detect intrusions in real time with high accuracy (99.816% for DoS, 95.015% for Probe, 94.731% for R2L and 99.373% for U2R) and high speed (44 ms).The proposed approach can help network administrators to detect intrusion, so the computer network security systembecome reliable.Keywords: Intrusion Detection System, On-Line Clustering, Reinforcement Learning, Unsupervised Learning
Optimizing Fuzzy Rule Base for Illumination Compensation in Face Recognition using Genetic Algorithms
Get PDFFuzzy rule optimization is a challenging step in the development of a fuzzy model. A simple two inputs fuzzy model may have thousands of combination of fuzzy rules when it deals with large number of input variations. Intuitively and trialâ€error determination of fuzzy rule is very difficult. This paper addresses the problem of optimizing Fuzzy rule using Genetic Algorithm to compensate illumination effect in face recognition. Since uneven illumination contributes negative effects to the performance of face recognition, those effects must be compensated. We have developed a novel algorithmbased on a reflectance model to compensate the effect of illumination for human face recognition. We build a pair of model from a single image and reason those modelsusing Fuzzy.Fuzzy rule, then, is optimized using Genetic Algorithm. This approachspendsless computation cost by still keepinga high performance. Based on the experimental result, we can show that our algorithm is feasiblefor recognizing desired person under variable lighting conditions with faster computation time.Keywords: Face recognition, harsh illumination, reflectance model, fuzzy, genetic algorith
Performance Analysis of an OFDM PHY Scheme with Zero Forcing Equalizer Using Software Defined Radio Platform and USRP
Get PDFWe present an implementation of Zero Forcing (ZF) equalizer in OFDM scheme using Software Defined Radio platform whereas NI USRP-2920 as the Radio Frequency (RF) front-end. ZF equalizer is employed to achieve reliable system at the receiver. Center frequency used for data transmission is 915 MHz. The reliability transmission and the performance of ZF equalizer are measured in term of different symbol mapping (i.e., M-PSK and M-QAM). The IQ rate determines the bandwidth available, whereas good performance is achieved with IQ rate less than 1 MHz.ZF equalizer achieves good performance when using BPSK, QPSK and 16-QAM modulation techniques. By applying ZF equalizer, bit error on BPSK and QPSK modulations can be reduced from 29,16% and 39,06% into 0%. This advantage of ZF equalizer also is able to press the bit error on 16- QAM and 64-QAM modulations into 3,125% and 8,85%, respectively.Keywords: OFDM,SDR, USRP,Zero Forcing Equalize
PID Controller Design of Nonlinear System using a New Modified Particle Swarm Optimization with Time-Varying Constriction Coefficient
Get PDFThe proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers have been widely used in most process control systems for a long time. However, it is a very important problem how to choose PID parameters, because these parameters give a great influence on the control performance. Especially, it is difficult to tune these parameters for nonlinear systems. In this paper, a new modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented to search for optimal PID parameters for such system. The proposed algorithm is to modify constriction coefficient which is nonlinearly decreased time-varying for improving the final accuracy and the convergence speed of PSO. To validate the control performance of the proposed method, a typical nonlinear system control, a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) process, is illustrated. The results testify that a new modified PSO algorithm can perform well in the nonlinear PID control system design in term of lesser overshoot, rise-time, settling-time, IAE and ISE.Keywords: PID controller, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO),constriction factor, nonlinear system
Combination Adaptive Traffic Algorithm and Coordinated Sleeping in Wireless Sensor Network
Get PDFWireless sensor network (WSN) uses a battery as its primary power source, so that WSN will be limited to battery power for long operations. The WSN should be able to save the energy consumption in order to operate in a long time.WSN has the potential to be the future of wireless communications solutions. WSN are small but has a variety of functions that can help human life. WSN has the wide variety of sensors and can communicate quickly making it easier for people to obtain information accurately and quickly. In this study, we combine adaptive traffic algorithms and coordinated sleeping as powerâ€efficient WSN solution. We compared the performance of our proposed ideas combination adaptive traffic and coordinated sleeping algorithm with nonâ€adaptive scheme. From the simulation results, our proposed idea has goodâ€quality data transmission and more efficient in energy consumption, but it has higher delay than that of nonâ€adaptive scheme.Keywords:WSN,adaptive traffic,coordinated sleeping,beacon order,superframe order