974 research outputs found
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Legal analysis of the use of artificial intelligence systems in military operations carried out by the TNI reviewed from the principles of humanitarian law
No full textPurpose: This study analyzes the application of artificial intelligence systems in military operations by the TNI by paying attention to the enforcement of humanitarian law principles.
Research/methodology: The research method used is normative juridical with an analysis of applicable legal provisions which is carried out by reviewing and collecting legal documents and limited interviews with experts in their fields.
Results: The conclusion of this study is that although artificial intelligence systems have great potential to influence the methods and tools in current and future military operations. The influence of artificial intelligence systems gives the system the authority to move on its own without any role from humans. Changes in the pattern of military operations require a clear legal framework and strict enforcement to ensure that their use by the TNI does not violate the principles of humanitarian law.
Suggestions: This study suggests the need to develop more comprehensive national and international regulations to regulate the use of artificial intelligence systems in military operations carried out by the TNI in order to comply with the principles of humanitarian law
The effect of financial inclusion on poverty rate in Sumatra Island
No full textPurpose: Poverty is still one of the main problems faced by developing countries like Indonesia, despite having experienced significant economic progress in recent decades. Economic inequality in Indonesia can be illustrated through an inverted triangle pattern, where most people live in poverty, while a handful of groups enjoy prosperity. Although the poverty rate in Indonesia is decreasing, there are still regions, especially on the island of Sumatra, that record higher poverty rates than other regions. In this case, financial inclusion is one of the solutions that is considered effective to reduce poverty. Access to adequate financial services provides opportunities for poor people to improve their well-being through savings, credit, or insurance. In addition, price stability is also important in poverty control. This study aims to analyze the influence of financial inclusion and inflation on poverty reduction on the island of Sumatra in the period 2017 to 2023.
Research methodology: This study uses a quantitative approach with panel data from 10 provinces on the island of Sumatra.
Results: The results of the regression analysis showed that the Financial Inclusion Index (IKK) had a significant negative effect on the poverty rate. In addition, inflation also has a significant negative effect on the poverty rate
The influence of efficiency and effectiveness in the utilization of school operational assistance funds on the quality of teaching and learning services: A Case study at SMP Negeri 12 Mimika and SMP Negeri Naena Muktipura
No full textPurpose: This study aims to examine the influence of efficiency and effectiveness in the utilization of School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds on the quality of teaching and learning services. The focus is placed on two public junior high schools in Papua, SMP Negeri 12 Mimika and SMP Negeri Naena Muktipura, which represent different demographic and resource contexts.
Research/methodology: A mixed-method approach was used, combining surveys, interviews, observations, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed with multiple linear regression, while qualitative insights were examined through content analysis.
Results: The findings revealed that both efficiency (B = 0.670, p < 0.001) and effectiveness (B = 0.553, p < 0.001) in BOS fund utilization significantly affect the quality of teaching and learning services. SMP Negeri 12 Mimika exhibited higher efficiency, effectiveness, and overall service quality compared to SMP Negeri Naena Muktipura. BOS funds were utilized to improve facilities, procure teaching aids, and conduct teacher training, though some limitations remained in equitable training distribution.
Conclusions: The study found that both efficiency and effectiveness in the use of BOS funds significantly improve the quality of teaching and learning services. Efficient fund management had a stronger influence, particularly in supporting facilities, teacher training, and learning tools. These findings highlight the importance of transparent and well-targeted BOS fund utilization to enhance educational outcomes.
Limitations: This study is limited to two case study schools in Papua, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings to other regions. Additionally, qualitative insights may be context-specific, and time constraints limited the coverage of broader stakeholder perspectives.
Contribution: This study contributes to the field of educational finance and policy by providing empirical evidence on how the efficient and effective management of school operational funds can enhance educational service quality in under-resourced settings. The findings can inform future BOS policy refinements and school-level fund management strategies
Mindful Marketing: A Marketing Strategy for Lingkar Organik to Support Sustainability Goals
No full textPurpose: This study explores the implementation of mindful marketing as a strategic approach to harmonize business objectives with social and environmental values. It focuses on Du Anyam, an Indonesian social enterprise, to understand how marketing practices grounded in awareness, ethics, and sustainability contribute to building long-term stakeholder relationships.
Research methodology: A qualitative single-case study method was employed, using primary data from in-depth interviews with internal stakeholders and secondary data from documents and digital platforms. Thematic analysis was applied to examine how Du Anyam operationalizes mindful marketing across its communication, distribution, and internal organizational practices.
Results: The findings reveal that Du Anyam adopts mindful marketing through three core pillars: self-awareness, consumer-awareness, and impact-awareness. These are manifested in its storytelling, inclusive product design, and conscious decision-making processes that align with its social mission. However, both internal and external challenges—such as digital distractions, workload pressure, and consumers’ price sensitivity—limit the consistency of mindful behavior.
Conclusions: Mindful marketing serves as a strategic compass for social enterprises to navigate market complexities while staying true to ethical values. Its effective practice requires organizational commitment, cultural alignment, and ongoing reflection to create shared value with stakeholders.
Limitations: This study is limited to a single case within the Indonesian context, which may constrain the generalizability of its findings to other industries or cultural settings. Additionally, the analysis primarily reflects internal stakeholder perspectives and may not fully capture the diversity of consumer behavior.
Contribution: This paper contributes to the evolving discourse on ethical and sustainable marketing by offering a contextualized understanding of mindful marketing practices in emerging economies. It also proposes a practical framework for social enterprises seeking to align marketing strategies with their broader purpose
The theory of developing students’ communicative competence based on the Pirls International Assessment Program
No full textPurpose: This study aims to develop a theoretical framework for enhancing students’ communicative competence by integrating principles and methodologies from the PIRLS International Assessment Program. Specifically, the objective is to identify how the PIRLS approach to reading literacy can inform the development of students’ abilities to comprehend, interpret, and communicate effectively across diverse contexts.
Research/methodology: This article employed conceptual, analytical, comparative, and systematic methods to explore the role of the PIRLS international assessment program in fostering students' communicative competence. It analyzed PIRLS alongside other global assessment systems such as PISA, TALIS, EGRA, and TIMSS, linking their frameworks to competency-based education approaches. The study also examined how PIRLS is implemented in Uzbekistan compared to developed countries, supported by official documents and legal frameworks.
Results: Uzbekistan has strategically adopted international standards to enhance education quality, as outlined in Presidential Decree No. 5712 and Resolution No. 997, which mandate the implementation of assessments like PIRLS and the development of a national question bank. The PIRLS framework is central to the country’s plan to establish a national evaluation system focused on primary students’ literacy in reading, math, and science. Beyond benchmarking, PIRLS serves as both a diagnostic tool and a means to improve educational practices and address disparities within the system.
Conclusions: The PIRLS program is an important tool for improving students’ communicative competence and reading literacy. In Uzbekistan, it is now seen as a way to raise educational standards rather than just a control method. This shift supports curriculum improvement, modern teaching methods, and better student communication skills.
Limitations: This study is conceptually grounded and does not include empirical data or field-based validation, which may limit the generalizability of its conclusions. Additionally, the analysis primarily focuses on the Uzbek education system, so its applicability to other national contexts may vary.
Contribution: This study contributes by offering a theoretical perspective on how the PIRLS assessment program can be leveraged to enhance communicative competence in primary education systems
Innovation and sustainability in Anambra State Civil Service, Nigeria
No full textPurpose: This study empirically investigated the relationship between innovation and sustainability in the Anambra State Civil Service.
Method: Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the investigation, and hypothesis testing was conducted using the least-squares regression model. Hence, data were collected using an e-questionnaire survey sent to the respondents (staff of the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Budget and Economic Planning) through their various WhatsApp group platforms, out of which 112 responses were recorded, received, and used in the data analysis.
Results: A positive and significant influence was found between innovation and sustainability in the Anambra State Civil Service at the 1% significance level. The study therefore concludes that the advent of technological innovation, administrative innovation, and organizational innovation have led to sustainability in the Anambra State Civil Service. Thus, innovation determines sustainability in the Anambra State Civil Service. In lieu of this, the study recommends that civil servants be encouraged to be innovative by appropriately rewarding every innovative idea.
Conclusions: The study concludes that the advent of technological innovation, administrative innovation, and organizational innovation have led to sustainability in the Anambra State Civil Service.
Limitations: Some of the respondents did not attend the e-questionnaire. Thus, notwithstanding, a thorough work was carried out.
Contribution: This study contributed to knowledge by designing a model variable and updating the literature on the subject.
Novelty: This study introduces a new idea on innovation obtainable in the Anambra State Civil Service
Age characteristics in buli tumor patients at the General Hospital For The Jayapura Regional period 2017-2022
No full textPurpose: Buli-buli tumors, also known as vesica urinaria (bladder) tumorstumors, are the second malignancy after prostate . Bladder tumors affect twice as many men as women. The most common symptoms of bladder tumors include painless hematuria and associated urinary tract infections (frequency, urgency, dysuria). Based on data from the Global Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Prevalence (GLOBOCAN), there were 573,000 cases of bladder tumor or cancer in 2020, which accounted for 3% of all new tumor cases in the world.
Research methodology: This study uses a descriptive method by taking secondary data from Jayapura Hospital, which aims to obtain the characteristics of Buli Tumors in at Jayapura Hospital for patients with buli tumors the period 2017-2022.
Results: The results showed that there were 61 incidents of buli tumors in patients with buli tumors. it can be concluded as follows: Buli tumor patients patient based on age found the highest age group is at the age of >50 years as many as 30 patients with a percentage of 49.2%, followed by the age age group group 41-50 years as many as 24 patients with a percentage of total of 39.3% and consecutively the third highest to the lowest includes the 31-40 a 5 patients with a percentage of 8.2%, the age group 20-30 a total of a total of 1 with a with a percentage of percentage of 1.6% and the age group <20 years 1 patient 1.6%
Cultural preservation as a catalyst for sustainable tourism: Challenges and potentials in Cimande tourism village, Indonesia
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to investigate the cultural potential and challenges of preserving the intangible cultural heritage and living culture of Cimande Tourism Village to enhance its development as a sustainable tourism destination.
Research Methodology: A qualitative approach was used, with data collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews involving cultural practitioners, POKDARWIS (tourism committees), local residents, and government officials.
Results: The study identified nine key cultural elements, including Pencak Silat, traditional medicine, and local rituals, while highlighting 11 major challenges, including insufficient stakeholder support, low community participation, limited human resource capacity, and minimal use of digital marketing.
Limitations: This study focuses on cultural preservation efforts, specifically in Cimande Tourism Village, using qualitative methods such as thematic analysis and CAQDAS NVivo, limiting its scope.
Contribution: This study deepens the understanding of how local culture can promote sustainable tourism, particularly in rural areas rich in cultural traditions such as Cimande. These findings provide valuable insights for tourism village managers and local governments to balance cultural preservation with economic growth through tourism.
Novelty: This study offers a comprehensive exploration of the integration of local culture with sustainable tourism development in Cimande Village, an area that has not been extensively studied
Capacity building and sustainable development efforts of national population commission, Awka, Anambra State
No full textPurpose: This study explored the relationship between capacity building and sustainable development efforts of the National Population Commission, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. Specifically, it examined the relationship between technological upgrade and accountability, it also determined the relationship between skills enhancement and resource efficiency of the National Population Commission, Awka, Anambra State.
Methods: The study employed a survey research design. The population of the study was 190. Hypotheses were tested with Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 27). Hypothesis one revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between technological upgrade and accountability of the National Population Commission, Awka, Anambra State with r = 0.876, n = 190, and p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05).
Results: Hypothesis two showed that there is a positive significant relationship between skills enhancement and resource efficiency of the National Population Commission, Awka, Anambra State with r = 0.647, n = 190, and p-value of 0.015 (p<0.05).
Limitations: The researcher encountered problems during the data collection process. The researcher was faced with an uncooperative attitude of some respondents by not providing answers to the questionnaire.
Contribution: This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical evidence on the significant positive relationships between technological upgrade and accountability and skills enhancement and resource efficiency in the National Population Commission, Awka, Anambra State. This study provides novel insights into effective population management strategies in Southeastern Nigeria
Analysis of the BLUD puskesmas UPTD strategy to achieve organizational effectiveness using the SPACE Matrix Approach
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to analyze the strategy of the UPTD Health Center with BLUD status in Jember Regency using the SPACE matrix approach.
Method: This research was a quantitative descriptive study. Data processing and analysis were performed by quantitative analysis using the SPACE matrix, and data collection was conducted in a cross-sectional manner. The sample size of four health centers was selected using the purposive sampling technique. The primary data collection technique using questionnaire instruments was then validated using focus group discussions (FGD) and partly using secondary data from the Health Center.
Results: The results of the SPACE matrix analysis show that Health Centers with weak internal strength are in the competitive quadrant, while Health Centers with strong internal strength are in the aggressive quadrant. The two categories of Health Centers are measured in the effectiveness of their organizations based on aspects of financial performance with BLUD maturity indicators showing liquidity results at level 5 (optimizing), efficiency at level 3 (Defined), effectiveness at levels 4 and 5 (Predictable and Optimizing), and maturity levels at level 5 (optimizing) and in terms of service performance, namely, the Community Satisfaction Index with good results for health centers that have weak internal strength and are very good at health centers with strong internal strength.
Conclusions: Health centers with strong internal capacity are in the aggressive quadrant and can pursue proactive strategies, whereas weaker ones fall in the competitive quadrant and require cost control. Overall, BLUD status enhances financial and service performance.
Limitations: The study was limited to four centers in one region and used cross-sectional data, which may not reflect broader or long-term trends.
Contribution: This study applies the SPACE Matrix to guide strategic planning for BLUD health centers based on their internal and external conditions