UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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THE COMPLEXES OF URBANIZATION IN SOUTH ASIA: ASSESSMENTS, IMPACTS, PLANS AND PROSPECTS FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION
No full textCentralized planning policies, lack of democratic participation of the masses in socio-economic activities at community levels, poor legislation and growing share of defense in the annual budget, have not only created rural-urban bias, uneven and unsustainable development but have also generated the problems of mass poverty, unemployment, scarcity of socio-economic services, pollution of water, air and land, and also rising slums and squatter in urban localities, affecting adversely human development in South Asian Countries
POLE PLACEMENT DESIGN FOR LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL (LFC) OF AN ISOLATED POWER SYSTEM
No full textThe classical design techniques are based on the root-locus that utilize only the plant output for feedback with a dynamic controller, in this paper, we employ modern control designs that require the use of all state variables to form a linear static controller. Modern control design is especially useful in multivariable systems. One approach in modern control system accomplished by the use of state feedback is known as Pole-Placement Design. The pole-placement design allows all roots of the system characteristic equation to be placed in desired locations. This result in a regulator with constant gain vector K. The state-variable feedback concept requires that all states be accessible in a physical system. For systems in which all states are not available for feedback, a state estimator (observer) may be designed to implement the pole-placement design
IMPLEMENTATION OF MOBILE IP SMOOTH HANDOFF IN WIRELESS NETWORKS
No full textThis paper describes implementation of mobile IP services in two separate wireless LANs based on IEEE 802.11b standards, located in two distant buildings of a university campus. The purpose of the project was to achieve smooth handoff when a mobile node moves between the two LANs. During our experimentation we have identified some of the limitations of IEEE 8O2.11b that affects mobile IP smooth handoff. We have also proposed an algorithm to solve this problem when the mobility is within a limited number of separate wireless LANs
ON THE LAWS OF FINITE DIHEDRAL POINTED-GROUPS
No full textA pointed-group is a pair (G, c) consisting of a group G together with a special element c of G. We call G the carrier of (G, c) and c the focus of (G, c) Oates and Powell6 proved a well-known theorem which states that the variety generated by any finite group is finitely based i.e. there is a finite set of laws of which every laws of a group is a consequence. The aim of this paper is to examine a partial generalization of the Oates and Powell result. Thus we consider analogous statement for dihedral pointed-groups (G, c) only where G is a dihedral group of order 6 and c ranges over the elements of G. However, tables are given showing the basis of finite pointed-groups whose carrier is the dihedral group of order 2n for n≥3
FIELD EVALUATION OF LOCALLY DEVELOPED MECHANICAL RICE TRANSPLANTER
No full textHeavy Mechanical Complex, Taxila in Collaboration with Farm Machinery Institute, NARC, Islamabad manufactured four units of mechanical rice transplanter in 1999. One of these units was evaluated during the rice transplanting season of 1999. This paper presents the working performance, accuracy, and reliability of the locally developed machine. The effective field capacity of the machine was 0.16 ha/hr, and the field efficiency was 43% during these field tests. The missed hills were observed to be 20%. The reasons for low field capacity and higher percentage of missing hills were that more time lost for machine adjustments and nursery was not grown properly. A few parts of the locally developed rice transplanter were identified in order to improve their reliability. Finally, it was concluded that perfection is required in this technology, before its commercialisation at large scale
INFLUENCE OF GIRDER SPACING ON LATERAL DISTRIBUTION OF BRIDGE LIVE LOAD
No full textThe live load sharing among various bridge girders depends on number of parameters. The simplified design method specified by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO Standard) does account for the effect of girder spacing only on live load distribution, and, thus the simplified design procedure of AASHTO Standard for design of girders under live load is extremely deficient. Similarly the simplified design procedure suggested by AASHTO LRFD does incorporate the effect of bridge span, skew angle and girder spacing but does not involve continuity of bridge over interior supports. This paper presents the result of finite element study done on 3-D bridge models of continuous composite nature. The bridges considered had two lanes and five built-up longitudinal steel girders. Material for both concrete slab and steel girders is assumed as homogeneous and isotropic with linear elastic behavior. Contribution of longitudinal slab moment (Ms) to the total composite moment (Meg) is considered and varies between 5 to 10% of Meg. Fraction of total bridge LL increases almost linearly with girder spacing for both critical interior and exterior girders when loaded under AASHTO Standard & AASHTO LRFD loads. Note, effect of bridge span and skew on live load distribution are presented separately in other sister papers
ROLE OF TERTIARY LEVEL CANAL WATER LOSSES AND GROUNDWATER EXPLOITATION IN SOIL SALINITY INDUCTION AT GOGERA RAJBAH OF LOWER BARI DOAB CANAL SYSTEM
No full textTwo watercourses. 121277/R and 215542/L. offtaking from Gogera Rajbah of Lower Bari Doab Canal system (Distt. Sahiwal) were evaluated for tertiary level water losses using conveyance losses delivery efficiency and seepage rate as performance indicators. Seepage losses as determined by ponding method using 2 meter as test length in watercourse No. 121277/R and 215542/L were 1.85 and 4.30 L S' , while the corresponding conveyance losses recorded were 4.04 and 11.0 L S'. Total water losses were higher (30 %) in WC No. 215542/L with minimum delivery efficiency of 69.41 % compared to WC No. 121277/R, where total losses did not exceed 16.12 % under 83.84 % delivery efficiency. It was found that leakage losses from field outlets were higher than seepage losses for both the outlets. The decreased flow in WC. No 215542/L due to higher water losses and inequitable water distribution induced the farmers to exploit underground water resources. Unluckily groundwater at WC No. 215542/L (at tail) was inferior in quality (EC 1.30 ± 0.4 dS m’, SAR 0.9 ± 1.1, RSC 2.3 ± 0.3 mmoleL') as compared to the WC. No. 121277/R selected at head section of the Rajbah (EC 0.30±0.1 dS m\ SAR 4.0± 1.0, RSC 0.41 ± 0.1 mmolcL‘). The ECe and ESP showed an increasing trend at WC. No. 215542/L (2.0< ECe <4.3 dS m'\ 6.0 < ESP <14).General salinity survey (1998-99) shows that about 3.74 and 16.76 % area was salt affected in the command area of WC No. 121277/R and 215542/L. It is concluded that the tubewells (installed to make up the water deficit) pumping water of inferior quality also play an additive role in the salinity build-up at tertiary level water distribution system
PERFORMANCE OF THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN AND ITS COMPETITIVENESS CAUSE AND REMEDY
No full textThe manufacturing sector is of great importance for the economic development of every country. In Pakistan the contribution to GDP of the manufacturing sector over the past three decades has not grown measurably. A vibrant manufacturing sector entails a move from static to high productivity activities, and will contribute towards GDP growth as well as generating employment. This paper reviews the performance of Pakistan’s manufacturing sector and highlights its importance in economic development of the country and analyses the reasons behind the sectors apparent lack of competitiveness. It also discusses the standing of the Pakistani manufacturing sector and its capability of producing high-tech products and its share in the global export. Data provided by GEM Pakistan has been analyzed, that leads to suggest optimizing the Pakistani manufacturing sectors approach
NON-LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF REINFORCEMENT STEEL BARS
No full textA two noded, unidimensional bar element formulated and implemented as a computer program in FORTRAN for elastoplastic Finite Element Analysis best suited for standard type of materials particularly metals was employed in order to find the strain hardening factor for the experimental data of several hundred reinforcement steel bars which were tested in laboratory. Here in the very first instance experimental yield and ultimate values were prescribed as input data and strain-hardening factor was obtained. Direct iterative procedure was adopted and the post yield behaviour of the material was modeled on the basis of a tangent modulus. The study was aimed at finding the suitability of ELPAS as theoretical tool for mathematical modeling of reinforcement bars manufactured from steel scrap. Since a very wide variation of the strain hardening factor values was observed, statistical analysis in terms of mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation was performed. This was aimed at investigating further the reliability of such bars when used in R.C. structures based on stochastic approach
ASSESSMENT OF SUITABLE SOURCE OF FINE AGGREGATE TO BE USED IN KHUZDAR FOR ARTIFICIAL STONES
No full textThe usual primary requirement of a good mix in its green state is its workability and in harden state strength. These parameters are directly related to the size, shape and quality of materials i.e. coarse and fine aggregate, cement etc. The procurement of good material is materialized through thorough investigation. Fine aggregate (sand) the important ingredient of a mix is used as filler to reduce the amount of cement paste, also its presence provides greater volume stability than alone cement paste, therefore, maximizing the amount of fine aggregate to certain extent improves the quality and economy of mix.The research “Assessment of suitable source of fine aggregate to be used in Khuzdar for artificial stone” explores the properties of this important ingredient and presents the testing results of three sources generally used in Khuzdar and vicinity for preparing mortar and concrete. The recommendation of this study suggest the appropriate source among all after comparing and confirming standard