UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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EFFECT OF BLEACHING AND STRIPPING AGENTS ON THE STRENGTH OF ACID DYED CARPET WOOLEN YARN
No full textA comparative study was carried out relating the effects of different bleaching and stripping agents on the strength of carpet woolen yarn dyed with acid dye. The dyed sample was individually subjected to the bleaching action of sodium dithionite (Sodium hydrosulphite, Na2S204) hydrogen peroxide (H202), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and the combination of sodium dithionite and hydrogen peroxide respectively. The two stripping agents applied on acid dyed samples were glauber's salt ( Na2SO4.10H2O ) and potassium dichromate. Bleaching agents did better stripping than actual stripping agents. Highest degree of stripping (99% ) was achieved from combination bleaching with a loss in tensile strength of 28.16 per cent. This was followed by 93% dye removal with alkaline chlorination,yielding negligible strength loss
INSTANTANEOUS MASS FLOW RATE MEASUREMENT IN TURBOMACHINES WITH HOT WIRE ANEMOMETER
No full textThis paper describes a constant-temperature hot-wire anemometer ( CT HWA) used as a mass flux meter for the measurement of air mass flow rate in turbomachines. A mixed-flow turbocharger turbine is experimented with this sensor. The detailed calibration of the hot wire under pulsating flow conditions is described. The signal obtained is ensemble averaged and filtered/smoothed using Savitzky-Golay ( S-G ) smoothing filter directly in the time-domain to remove the high-frequency redundant noise. A typical result of the turbocharger turbine mass flow rate is given
RISK EVALUATION OF LOST-TIME INJURIES IN THE COAL MINING INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN
No full textAbstract
Lost-time accidents frequently occur in underground coal mining, which result in a substantial amount of lost workdays. In order to evaluate injury risks for the underground mining industry in Pakistan, two years record of lost-time accidents were collected and analysed. Risk indices were computed for different variables, such as cause of accidents; age and job of the injured person; place of accidents; and part of the body injured. These indices incorporate information that has not been used in traditional accident analysis. Fall of ground type accidents were the major cause followed by haulage and transport. More than 50 % of accidents occurred at or near the working faces and coal cutters/ face workers were found to be at a higher risk as compared to all other job categories. Injuries to hand and foot for all group of workers were comparatively higher than those to all other parts of the body. Workers in the age group of (21-30) years were involved in the majority of the lost-time accidents. Regular and systematic analysis of lost-time accidents should be made which may be helpful in reducing the frequency and severity of these accidents.
 
CHARACTERISATION OF l,2-DIALKYL-3-0-β-D-XYL0PYRAN0SYL-SN GLYCEROL/FATTY ACID MIXTURES IN EXCESS WATER BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION
No full textThe lyotropic phase behaviour of 1,2-dialkyl-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-sn-glycerol/Fatty acid mixtures in excess water have been studied using X-ray diffraction. It has been observed that like the fully hydrated PC/FA and 1,2,-β-GalDAG/FA mixtures, the phase behaviour of fully hydrated 1,2-β-D-XyloDAG/FA 1:2 is also quite different both from the phase behaviour of fully hydrated pure 1,2- β-XyloDAG, and of pure fatty acid. The fully hydrated 1,2-β-D-XyloDAG with chainlengths C12 - C14 exhibit lamellar (Lβ) and HII phases, and those with chainlengths C16 -C 18 , tend to form mainly lamellar and inverse micellar Fd3m cubic phases. The mixture with a chainlength of C19 was found to adopt .1 the lamellar (Lβ) phase and a novel, presumably inverse micellar cubic phase, which has not been indexed
WAVE PROPAGATION IN AN ANISOTROPIC (INCOMPRESSIBLE, TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC) ELASTIC MEDIUM ROTATING ABOUT THE AXIS OF SYMMETRY
No full textThis paper discusses the velocity of homogeneous plane waves in an incompressible, transversely isotropic elastic medium rotating about its axis of symmetry. The rotational effect contributes nothing when the wave is polarized along the axis of rotation. It has been shown that if the polarization is in the plane of isotropy then two types of waves can propagate along the axis of symmetry. For any other orientation of the polarization vector three types of waves can propagate in it
ADAPTATION OF CHINESE LOW COST NON MATURED SEEDLING RICE TRANSPLANTER
No full textOne of the major reasons for low paddy yield in Pakistan is lower plants population density and nonuniform plant distribution in paddy fields. To over come this problem, efforts were made to mechanize rice transplanting operation. In this connection, a Chinese non-matured rice transplanter was modified to make it suitable for local conditions. Preliminary evaluation of this machine indicated that the depth of planting and missing hills were about 6.3 cm and 5.8%, respectively and the machine may transplant about 0.21 ha/hr.
The operational cost of this rice transplanter was predicted about Rs. 1055/ha and the break even annual use was worked out about 150 hrs. A farmer may save Rs. 8322/ha by adopting mechanical rice transplanting technology
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF SURGE ARRESTOR FOR PROTECTION OF FAULT LOCATOR
No full textCircuit breakers, transformers, fault locators and all such costly instruments as well as Grid Stations are protected by surge arrestor. In this paper, applications of surge arrestor to protect fault locator, its simulation, performance and consequent results are investigated and discussed
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES IN THE ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS
No full textThe proposed paper gives a proof of concept of the fact that, currently available techniques for handling non-algorithmic problems by computers can be successfully applied to partially automate the decision making processes in the engineering design synthesis. Several small expert systems have been developed for helping a novice engineer to perform finite-element analyses of various structural elements. The expert systems guide the novice through such processes as setting the boundary conditions, choice of materials and suggest changes in initial design to achieve the desired product
ENGINEERING EDUCATION FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
No full textThis paper presents a survey of new developments in the engineering education system of the USA as we enter the 21st century. Spurred by demands from the industry, USA’s National Science Foundation (NSF ) and the Accreditation Board of Engineering & Technology (ABET ) are pushing major programs of improvement in a system of education already acknowledged as one of the best in the world. The proposed changes are on a scale that may transform the face of engineering education in USA and have profound effects throughout the world. The objectives of the change are outlined and some of the main projects of improvement undertaken by universities are described. The implications of these changes for engineering education in Pakistan are discussed.
 
EVALUATION OF INDIGENOUS AND ADVANCED WHEAT SOWING TECHNIQUES
No full textThis study compares six sowing methods viz; mechanical broadcasting, manual broadcasting, kera, pora, and drilling by imported and locally manufactured grain drills. The parameters studied were seeding depth, seed spacing, seedling emergence and emergence rate index ( ERI ). The maximum variation in seeding depth was observed with broadcasting methods while the same was minimum with drilling techniques. As regards to seed spacing, the imported drill performed the best while manual broadcasting the poorest. Seedling emergence was found maximum in case of imported grain drill giving 244 seedlings per square meter area while local grain drill scored second in the number of seedlings which were 214 for the same area. The poorest performance in this regard was noted in case of manual broadcasting registering 165 seedling per square meter. The ERI was the highest in case in grain drills, both for local and imported, compared with other techniques employed in this study. The broadcasting methods yielded poor seed/seedling whereas kera and pora performed better than broadcasting methods. The imported grain drill ranked first and the local drill scored second in overall performance among all the sowing techniques tested in these investigations