UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF RIVER SWAT AT CHAKDARA GUAGE STATION
No full textThis paper reviews the flood frequency characteristics of the river Swat at Chakdara Station using Weibull, Gumble Flood Frequency Factor method, Gumble Analytical method and Log Pearson Type III method for the design of permanent hydrologic and Hydro-engineering facilities on 100 years recurrence interval. These methods are based on the previous 49 years annual peak discharge data for Chakdara Guage station,the results show that for 100 years recurrence interval, Gumble Frequency Factor method is comparatively the best method for the design of permanent hydraulic structure at Chakdara and downstream of this station, but for short period of time Log Pearson Type III method is best, where no permanent structures are required.After assessing the risk of Bridge at Chakdara station and Amandara Headworks down stream of chakdara station, it is observed that these structures are over designed and hence safe from high floods for long period of tim
MULTIPLE ROBOTS LOCALIZATION AND MAPPING USING OCCUPANCY GRID AND MOBILTY FACTOR
No full textLocalization and mapping is an issue of vital importance for the functioning of a mobile robot in the indoor application. It allows a mobile robot to safely navigate and perform tasks. In this paper we present an approach for localizing and mapping multiple robots/objects within the indoor environment. Each of these robots has an on- board PC and wireless communication facility to communicate with a centralized computing server. Wall mounted camera network, with capability to observe the work space, is connected with a computing server. Computing server localizes the robots/objects on 2-D ground plane which calculates the mobility factor occupancy value (OV) for grid cells. Occupancy grid based map is used for the environment description. Fuzzy rules are applied to strengthen the confidence of cell occupancy. OV grid based map limits the localization process to region of interest (ROI). The updated map is broadcasted. Camera calibration is performed offline. Robots of the environment update their positions and path planning based on the received map and the dead reckoning sensory feed back. The use of multiple camera system also helps in solving the occlusion proble
MEASUREMENT OF CUTTING FORCES IN DRY SLOT MILLING ON DESIGNED AND CONSTRUCTED DYNAMOMETER
No full textKnowledge of cutting forces during machining operations is very important as it affects directly heat generation, tool wear, quality of the machined surface and integrity of the workpiece. In this study a strain gauges-based analog dynamometer was designed and constructed. This dynamometer can be used to measure three force components in a milling operation. The constructed dynamometer can also be used for cutting forces measurement in drilling operation. The dynamometer was tested for cross sensitivity. Cutting forces measurement was carried out to study the effect of cutting speed and feed rate on cutting forces during slot milling AISI 1010 steel with high speed steel (P6M5) side and face milling cutter. The cutting forces measurement was carried out for dry slot milling. The FMS DL48 data logger was used to transfer data from the dynamometer to computer where the data was recorded and analyzed. The dynamometer was calibrated usinga spring balance in a quasistatic mode prior to force measurements in slot milling to find the respective relation between the magnitude of forces and voltage
A REVIEW OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS MODELING
No full textModeling of Wastewater Treatment Process (WWTP) has gained much attention and a lot of research has been focused toward this area. This review paper includes a detailed discussion on different aspects of wastewater treatment process modeling considering white-box and black-box modeling techniques. Initially basic model steps are discussed for the better understanding of modeling concepts. Basic Activated Sludge Models (ASM) developed by International Water Association (IWA) task group are contributing considerablyin wastewater treatment modeling. Different factors related to the model performance like model selection, model functions and model calibration are discussed in detail. The applications of ASM1, ASM2, ASM2d, ASM3, ASM3_2N, ASM3 bio-P model etc. are also studied. The white-box modeling techniques in this area are more significant. The importance of black-box models under special conditions where white-box models are not able to predict accurate results are also investigated. It was also found that use of hybrid, linearizationand Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques in wastewater treatment modeling can be more useful for process optimization and control
APPLICATION OF A HYBRID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS MODEL TO A SCHEDULING POLICY SYSTEM
No full textThere is a growing trend of application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to engineering problems. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are one of the tools, which has a very simple and easy application in engineering. The training of ANN is done with trajectory dependent algorithms which normally leads to convergence tolocal minima and limits its application to complex engineering problems. In this paper, a hybrid methodology is proposed where traditional training algorithm in Feedforward Back Error Propagation (BEP) ANN is replaced with Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize weights and biases for the ANN and a comprehensive searchalgorithm to find the optimum number of neurons in the hidden layer(s). The methodology has been applied to an example of a scheduling policy system for flexible manufacturing systems and the results for traditional and hybrid ANN have been compared
EFFECT OF FABRIC COUNT ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF BLENDED WOVEN FABRICS
No full textThis study was undertaken to investigate the effect of fabric count on the tensile strength of polyester/cotton blended fabrics. Two sets of fabrics were prepared in this study: one with simultaneous increase in ends and picks and another with increasing number of picks /25mm while keeping the ends/25mm constant.Subsequently, the effect of increase in ends and picks was evaluated in quantitative terms. It was concluded that the tensile strength of a fabric is increased in both directions when fabric count is increased either in one direction or in both directions. However, the increase in tensile strength with increase in fabric countis not strictly linear. The higher the fabric count, the better is the transfer efficiency of yarn strength into fabric strength
SOLUTION FOR TRAP SITUATIONS OF WHEELED MOBILE ROBOT DUE TO LOCAL MINIMA PROBLEMS
No full textThis paper presents a novel scheme for the mobile robot motion planning and navigation. Both global and local motion planning have been considered by implementing the planned scheme and the behavior based approach. For global motion planning, planned scheme has been implemented by using the a priori knowledge of the environment. For local motion planning the path is divided into sub-paths. Behavior based approach has been implemented for local motion planning. For every sub-goal the planned path is updated by using the sensors data of the environment of the robot. Three schemes of Obstacle avoidance, Follow the wall and Path following have been implemented. A novel technique has been proposed which autonomously change the weight of the appropriate scheme. Through fuzzy inference system the weight of the required scheme among the three is increased depending upon the situations. Fuzzy rules have been formed for safe navigation of robot to ensure that the robot must reach the target without any collision with obstacles. Depending upon the particular situations, the weight of a suitable scheme among obstacle avoidance, follow the wall and path following is updated. This weight updating of the appropriate scheme for specific situation eliminates trap situation of the mobile robot produced by the local minima problems. For validation of the proposed technique simulation results have been presented
COMPARISON BETWEEN PVD AND CVD+PVD COATED INSERTS FOR CUTTING FORCES AND TOOL WEAR DURING TURNING OF RAMAX-2
No full textA comparison is made between PVD coated and CVD+PVD coated inserts during machining of Ramax-2 (a stainless steel mould material). The cutting forces are measured using Kistler lathe tool dynamometer, first using PVD coated inserts and then CVD+PVD coated inserts. The flank wear of these inserts is observedby machining Ramax-2 at the optimum parameters. The surface finish is also measured with portable surface roughness meter. The results shows that Ramax-2 can be economically cut if CVD+PVD coated inserts are used. The tool life with CVD+PVD coated inserts is found higher as compared to PVD coated inserts, although the surface roughness and cutting forces are almost the same for both kinds of inserts
IMPACT OF CONTROLLED AND FREE DRAINAGE ON SOIL SALINITY IN MARDAN SCARP, THROUGH LONG TERM SIMULATION OF SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODEL ( LEACHC)
No full textField study was conducted to determine the impact of controlled and free drainage on soil salinity from September 2004 to September 2005 in drainage unit 106 for long term simulation of solute transport ofMardan Salinity Control and Reclamation Project (SCARP) NWFP Pakistan. Leaching Estimation and Chemistry (LEACHC) model was calibrated for 44 days. The model was simulated for one, two and five years respectively, under controlled and free drainage at one meter water table depth. Simulation indicated different patterns of salinity related to water table depths under each condition. In controlled condition, the salt trendto accumulate at the upper part of root zone mainly due to evaporation. While the salinity under free condition showed fluctuation according to the actual field condition. Result indicated that at controlled drainage of 1.0m watertable depth, soil electrical conductivity (EC) increased to 2.42 dS/ m, 3.97 dS/ m and 6.14 dS/ m after 1, 2 and 5 years of simulation at 12.5 cm depth, while 1.78, 1.92 and 2.27 dS/m at depth of 62.5 cm respectively.At 2.0 m watertable depth EC increased to 1.9 dS/ m, 2.2 and 3.8 dS/m at a depth of 12.5 cm, while at a depth of 62.5 cm EC reached to 1.8, 1.98 and 3.8 dS/m respectively. For free drainage EC decreased from 0.94 dS/m to 1.13 dS/m at depths of 12.5 and 62.5 cm respectively. The soil salinity was increased with rising of water table under controlled drainage and it decreased in case of free drainage. It is concluded that LEACHC is a valid model for simulation of solute transport and it is applicable to soil salinity status of Mardan SCARP
GA-BASED SCHEDULING SYSTEM FOR FLOW SHOP AND JOB SHOP SCHEDULING PROBLEMS
No full text
Operational scheduling of manufacturing industry is of paramount importance for cost-effective and competitive operation for survival in the market. The operational scheduling encompasses a wide range of scheduling models and many attempts have been made to solve them using analytical, heuristic and artificial intelligence based approaches but no robust solution is yet available to tackle the diverse range of scheduling models. Recent trend shows that Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based solutions are popular because of their suitability to the combinatorial nature of the scheduling problem. In this paper, a GA-based scheduling system is presented where a novel combination of recently introduced crossover scheme for job based chromosome representation with Stochastic Universal Selection (SUS), simple mutation of exchange of genes and a heuristic for evaluation of chromosomes is proposed which is easy to code and robust enough to deal with flow shop as well as job shop scheduling problem. The system is validated through case studies from real world scheduling problems