Higher Institute on Territorial Systems for Innovation
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“Il più alto, nobile e degno pensiero che forse Principe alcuno abbia mai avuto”. Il Parco nella descrizione di Federico Zuccari
No full textQuando, nel 1606, Federico Zuccari arriva a Torino, la cornice entro la quale si muove è la città-capitale del piccolo ducato governato da Carlo Emanuele I di Savoia: un paesaggio urbano e territoriale sul quale convergono, già da alcuni decenni, le istanze e la progettualità politica, istituzionale e formale della famiglia ducale e della corte sabauda, impegnata nel consolidare i modi e le forme del proprio potere. Zuccari stende la propria descrizione del Parco in un contesto caratterizzato da un clima intellettuale in costante fermento e da un intenso fervore edilizio, segnato dalle politiche urbane, economiche e culturali sviluppatesi nei secoli precedenti, con la presenza dei Savoia che via via si era affermata su un territorio in cerca di unità, politica e geografica. Il saggio indaga queste relazioni alla luce della narrazione che Zuccari fornisce della proprietà del duca; documento unico nel suo genere, fonte preziosa e dettagliata che ci proietta oltre la presenza, assai scarsa, di documenti iconografici progettuali e che, nonostante lo smantellamento progressivo a cui sono andati incontro nel tempo il palazzo e le sue pertinenze, permette ancora oggi di leggere le istanze progettuali dei duchi che, tra Cinquecento e Seicento, hanno scommesso sul Parco.
When, in 1606, Federico Zuccari arrived in Turin, the framework within which he moved was that of the capital city of the small duchy governed by Carlo Emanuele I of Savoy: an urban and territorial landscape upon which, for several decades already, the political, institutional, and formal ambitions and planning initiatives of the ducal family and the Savoy court had converged, as they sought to consolidate the modes and forms of their power. Zuccari composed his description of the Park in a context characterized by a constantly vibrant intellectual climate and by intense building activity, marked by the urban, economic, and cultural policies that had developed in previous centuries, alongside the presence of the House of Savoy, which had gradually established itself over a territory in search of political and geographical unity.
This essay investigates these relationships in light of the narrative that Zuccari provides of the duke’s property; a document unique in its kind, a precious and detailed source that projects us beyond the very limited presence of iconographic and design documentation. Despite the progressive dismantling that the palace and its appurtenances have undergone over time, it still allows us today to read the design ambitions of the dukes who, between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, invested their hopes in the Park
A Comprehensive Review on Hydrogen Production from Biomass Gasification
Get PDFHydrogen production from biomass gasification has emerged as a strategic pathway for achieving carbon-neutral energy systems, circular resource utilization, and sustainable fuel generation. As global energy systems transition toward renewable sources, biomass-derived hydrogen represents a cornerstone of waste valorization, negative-emission bioenergy, and green hydrogen economies. Among all technologies, hydrogen production through gasification is one of the most consolidated routes with plenty of operative industrial-scale plants. The field of gasification is quite complex, and this comprehensive review describes the current scientific and technological achievements of biomass gasification for hydrogen production, describing the effect of feedstock, reactivity phenomena, reactor design, and catalyst systems. Furthermore, we report on a quantitative analysis regarding the operative cost of gasification of biomass compared with green hydrogen production and methane reforming. We provide a complete and synthetic picture for one of the most critical fields in the hydrogen economy that can actively promote a transition towards a more sustainable society
Electrochemical Liquid-Phase TEM for Operando Characterization, Setup Optimization and Experimental Assessment
Get PDFL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Hygrothermal Modelling Approaches for the Moisture Buffering Behaviour of 3D-Printed Building Components with Complex Geometry
No full textIndoor humidity significantly affects building occupants’ comfort, health, and well-being. Ideally, indoor relative humidity levels should stay within 40–60% to prevent respiratory irritation and the spread of mould and viruses. Conventionally, HVAC systems are used for indoor humidity control, but they have considerable environmental impact due to both the embodied emissions in the machinery and emissions during their operation. This study explores an alternative approach using low-carbon, hygroscopic, 3D-printed panels that regulate indoor humidity passively. Two types of panels are considered: one developed by ETH Zurich using a superhygroscopic geopolymer composite with a gyroid-based geometry, and the other designed by Politecnico di Torino using a hygroscopic clay composite with a multi-layered geometry. These designs enhance moisture buffering by exposing a large surface area of the materials to indoor air. Experimental results and tentative modelling approaches are discussed, comparing simulations with measured outcomes. This work highlights the need for accurate modelling strategies for representing the hygroscopic behaviour of 3D-printed components with complex geometries, using conventional dynamic hygrothermal simulation tools
District-scale life cycle costing of climate-neutral retrofits, based on automatic envelope detection workflows and LOD3 3D city model
No full textPolicymakers guiding the decarbonization transition must make decisions around energy and CO2 reductions that are linked to financial expenditures. This study supports decision-making in the buildings sector by combining urban building energy modeling and life cycle costing (LCC) for district-scale retrofit scenarios. The LCC is completed at level of detail (LOD) 3, enriched with exterior wall, roof, and window areas extracted from advanced urban sensing and artificial intelligence techniques. In a case district of 1,291 residential buildings in Turin, Italy, detected envelope quantities are applied to unit costs, resulting in investment costs of €13,723 to €27,272 per dwelling, significantly higher than budgeted for the EU mission 100 Climate-Neutral Cities. A total of 80 scenarios are modeled, including 10 retrofit packages under two scenarios for roof renovation (with and without occupied attics), and with four deployment scenarios to modulate retrofit rates and emission factors in the electricity supply. The research shows complex outcomes under different deployment scenarios, though packages combining envelope retrofits with high-temperature heat pumps consistently result in the greatest emission reductions and lowest cumulative discounted cash flow (CDCF) per quantity of CO2 saved. For six packages, accelerating retrofit deployment led to 1%-18% lower CDCF, as energy savings offset investment costs over 30 years, even though a gross floor area of 1.4 million m2 is retrofitted, compared to 855,000 m2 under slower deployment scenarios. The value of the work is to prove the use of automatic detection techniques in urban-scale LCC, and to provide decision support tools to policymakers guiding the rapid transition to climate neutrality
A Flexibility Management System for Providing Close-to-real-time Power Services: An Experimental Case Study in PVZEN Microgrid Lab
No full textThis paper presents a novel flexibility management system to handle short-term power deviations generated by intrinsic variability in generation and demand, and behind-the-meter flexibility provision in a close-to-real-time framework
(30-second intervals). The proposed system employs an adaptive autoregression algorithm as a short-term forecast of
energy exchange to the grid and a cost-benefit analysis to adjust the power setpoints of the energy devices by means of
redispatching and unit reassignment modules. Experimental case studies are conducted in the PVZEN microgrid laboratory
to validate the proposed system, testing critical scenarios and diverse flexibility requests. The results confirm the optimal
management of the power deviations and the techno-economic feasibility of flexibility supply with real-world equipment,
reducing the total operation cost from 11% to 85% compared to the baseline scenario. Finally, findings of previous studies based on simulations are verified experimentally, validating the influence of variables such as sample frequency, aging
cost models, and flexibility price
Combined 3D survey and Ai techniques for enhancing Fortified Heritage.
No full textMilitary heritage is closely linked to the history of human settlements and territories, since in any era, military structures have been a major concern for communities, and are well-known examples of the strong connection between human activities and the natural environment. In this sense, military heritage is included within the broader context of defensive landscapes, constituting a perfect example of the integration between human labour and nature, where tangible and intangible heritage are intrinsically linked.
The research aims to define the morphology and characterise the context of examples of the vast infrastructure of the Alpine region through military underground structures constructed in reinforced concrete (Opere) in the decades preceding World War II and known as the Vallo Alpino Littorio. The knowledge gathering approach is conducted through metric surveying and 3D modeling using multi-sensor techniques (photogrammetry and laser scanning). The nature of defensive structures to guarantee inviolability makes them difficult to access or completely inaccessible today, and above all to define the relationship with the context which is often wooded or in any case rich in vegetation, AI techniques are useful to support their documentation aimed at enhancements and possibly re-use
Crack Propagation and Intelligent Prediction in Asphalt Pavements Under Moving Loads
No full textAsphalt pavements are prone to crack initiation and propagation under the interaction of moving loads and natural environmental conditions, significantly reducing their performance and lifespan. Guided by fracture mechanics theory, this study investigates the mechanisms and key influencing factors of crack propagation in asphalt pavements subjected to moving loads through an integrated approach combining finite element simulation with back propagation (BP) neural network-based prediction. A three-dimensional pavement model containing a longitudinal crack was developed in ABAQUS to analyze the evolution of stress intensity factors KI and KII at the crack tip. The influences of vehicle speed, load level, and structural parameters, including the thickness and elastic modulus of the surface, base, and sub-base layers, were examined. The results show that low-speed driving and overloading markedly increase the peak values of KI and KII, thereby accelerating crack propagation. A decrease in the thickness of the surface layer or an increase in its elastic modulus greatly raises stress intensity factors, while the influence of base and sub-base parameters is relatively limited. A decrease in surface layer thickness or an increase in its elastic modulus significantly elevates the stress intensity factors, whereas the effects of base and sub-base parameters are relatively minor. The developed BP neural network-based prediction model achieves accurate estimation of KI and KII, with average errors below 3%, thereby offering a practical and efficient tool for rapid assessment of pavement cracking resistance. These findings furnish a theoretical foundation for the optimized design of asphalt pavements and the development of maintenance strategies, while also establishing a basis for future research on crack propagation under multi-factor coupling conditions