Higher Institute on Territorial Systems for Innovation
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Conceptual design and main requirements of the divertor tokamak test (DTT) cryogenic system
No full textThe Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility (https://www.dtt-project.it/), currently in initial phase of construction
at the ENEA Frascati Research Centre, is designed to explore critical components of tokamak, such as the
divertor, in plasma regimes that are relevant for ITER and DEMO (as far as power loads are concerned), and
where plasma core and edge properties are fully integrated. To achieve this goal, considerable amounts of plasma
heating will be injected in DTT, whose ambitious program is spread over several years and different operational
phases.
The DTT facility is designed to produce sufficiently long plasma pulses, thus requiring the adoption of a
superconducting magnet system. This latter includes 18 Toroidal Field (TF) coils, 7 Central Solenoid (CS)
modules and 6 Poloidal Field (PF) coils. All superconducting coils are supported by a cold structure with ther
malized gravity supports and thermally protected in a cryostat with actively cooled thermal shields. The coils and
their structures need to be cooled by supercritical helium supplied at about 4.5 K. The thermal shields (TS) have
to be cooled with pressurized helium at 80 K. The superconducting coils are connected to the power supply by
means of superconducting feeders which need to be maintained at around 4.5 K. High Temperature Super
conducting (HTS) current leads (CL), which operate between ambient and cryogenic temperatures, require cold
helium gas flow at 50 K. To allow helium and hydrogen adsorption, cryopumps behind the divertor targets are
employed, requiring two cryogenic helium streams, one at around 4.5 K for the cryopump panels and one at 80 K
for cryopump baffles.
The Cryogenic System has to cool-down the cryogenic users and to keep them at their design temperatures
during different operation modes and plasma scenarios. The overall cryogenic capacity is estimated to be around
10 kW equivalent power at 4.5 K.
This paper gives a general overview of the Cryogenic System requirements, the proposed conceptual design,
and a description of the main layout
The interactive transformation of urban and rural spaces: Questioning authenticity and (post-)productivism between Italy and China
No full textL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Efficiency and Risk Assessment of Dental Bridge Removal Tools on Implant Abutments
No full textThis study evaluated the efficiency and potential risks associated with three clinical tools for removing cement-retained implant-supported prostheses: Magnetic Mallet, sliding hammer, and Coronaflex. The tests consisted of: cementation of three-unit bridge models onto titanium abutments with different geometries using Zinc Oxide non-eugenol or Zinc Phosphate cement. Seven different geometries of three-unit bridges were tested; therefore, a total of 7 bridges × 2 luting agents × 3 tools were combined in a full factorial analysis. Five test replicates were performed for each combination, resulting in a total of 5 × 7 × 2 × 3 = 210 retrieval tests. The 70 tests regarding the Coronaflex were taken from a previously conducted experiment on the topic, using the same dental bridge models and the same experimental conditions. Efficiency was assessed by the percentage of successful removals and the maximum force recorded with a piezoelectric load cell. For temporary cementations, the sliding hammer achieved the highest retrieval rate, while the Magnetic Mallet demonstrated comparable efficiency with lower forces. Coronaflex showed lower success rates and higher forces than Magnetic Mallet. For permanent cementations, most bridges were not removable, and attempts with the sliding hammer occasionally resulted in abutment screw damage. Within the limitations of this study, the Magnetic Mallet appears to be an effective option for removing bridges cemented with temporary cement, potentially in combination with a sliding hammer for highly retentive geometries. Zinc phosphate cement should be avoided when retrievability is desired, except for abutments with very low retention capability
Highly Conductive, Ceramic‐Rich Hybrid Ionogel Electrolytes for Room‐Temperature Li‐Metal Batteries
No full textHybrid solid electrolytes present a promising class for applications in lithium-metal batteries; however, their practical implementation remains limited by the difficulty of simultaneously achieving high room-temperature ionic conductivity, mechanical robustness, and stable electrode-electrolyte interfaces. In this study, we report the development of ceramic-rich hybrid ionogels (HIGs) formulated by combining a dimethacrylate polymer with a high content of Li6.25Al0.25La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) nanoparticles and imidazolium-based ionic liquid electrolytes (ILEs). This approach results in a garnet-rich solid electrolyte matrix intended to balance mechanical integrity and ion-conducting performance. Four groups of self-standing HIG electrolyte membranes are fabricated through an in situ solvent-free thermal polymerization process, where the ILEs feature either single- or binary-anion environments and serve as the reaction media. Comprehensive characterization demonstrates electrolyte membranes with high ionic conductivities (up to 1.93 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 20°C). Among the investigated formulations, the LiTFSI-EMIFSI-based HIG exhibits the most favorable electrochemical performance, including a wide electrochemical stability window and stable charge-discharge cycling with LiFePO4 at room temperature, delivering specific discharge capacities approaching 130 mAh g−1 up to C/5 and coulombic efficiency close to 100%. This work highlights the potential of hybrid ionogel electrolytes, clarifies the role of anion chemistry in enabling practical solid-state electrolyte designs, and provides a useful strategy for the development of safer and more stable lithium-metal batteries operating at room temperature
Research on the Hanyeping Industrial Cultural Route through an International Perspective
No full textL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Defending the Langhe: the potential for castle networks within regional and cultural development policy
No full textThe Bassa Langa territory, better known as Langa del Barolo, is now internationally recognized and appreciated for its food and wine success over the past few decades. It represents a landscape with a high volume of tourism, primarily due to its wine production. However, the strong seasonality of this tourism, mainly concentrated in spring and autumn, overshadows an important heritage of fortified architecture that has existed since the medieval period. Starting from the 10th century, the main urban centers perched on the Langa hills saw the construction of structures for defense and territorial sighting. This deeply interconnected architectural system, built on a territorial scale, saw the Falletti family as one of the major innovators in the political, economic, and military development of the area. If we consider the Castiglione Falletto structure as a hypothetical geographical hub, the castles of La Volta, Barolo, Perno, Serralunga, Grinzane Cavour, and Roddi are easily identifiable around it. These historical architectures are today predominantly privately owned, in varying states of conservation, with some having been repurposed, others currently undergoing restoration, or some in total abandonment. Based on these considerations, this proposed contribution aims to provide significant historical insights that highlight a common thread across different eras, from which a unique and particularly valuable territorial system now emerges within the region's cultural development policy. Indeed, it’s possible to define a project for the conservation and enhancement of these structures to rediscover the historical dimension of this territory. This initiative aims to de-seasonalize tourism and diversify the offerings, making them more aligned with the culture of the historical landscape and the heritage preserved over time
Advances in the physical and chemical characterization of tanned leather
No full textThe tanning process significantly alters the physical and chemical properties of leather, making it durable and versatile for various applications. A comprehensive understanding of these transformations requires advanced characterization techniques to analyze the surface, structure, and chemical composition of tanned leather. This review provides a critical overview of the state-of-the-art methods employed to characterize tanned leather, including spectroscopy, microscopy, thermal analysis, and mechanical testing, as well as their applicability to investigate processing, quality control, characterization, and preservation of leather. Moreover, particular attention is given to innovative approaches that offer deeper insights into the structural and chemical modifications induced by tanning agents, processing and their potentialities in a broad-spectrum characterization of leather. Additionally, we discuss the applicability, advantages, and limitations of these techniques, highlighting their role in advancing leather science and enabling the development of more sustainable leather processing techniques. This work aims to serve as a reference for researchers and industry professionals, guiding the selection of appropriate characterization methods and fostering innovation in leather production and quality control
Assessing long-term metocean data variability for optimal energy system planning via static robust optimization approach
No full textMethodologies for the valorisation of research applied to the fortified heritage. The INFORTREAT project
No full textThis contribution focuses on data communication and on the enhancement of research outputs developed within the PRIN2022 INFORTREAT project. Among the numerous challenges addressed by the project, ranging from the study of architectural treatises to field applications through advanced surveying and parametric modelling techniques, emerges the need to valorise information and results for their dissemination and reuse, both within and beyond the scientific community. At the core of the work lies the definition of a dynamic digital infrastructure, or information architecture (IA), the structural framework of a digital system, designed to facilitate the retrieval of materials and to collect useful information for future investigations in the field of fortifications, in accordance with the principles of Open Science. The system is based on the data collected during the study of selected treatises considered fundamental for discipline. Accessible through the project's website, the database organises this information to create links between the addressed themes, thus enabling cross-searches by multiple keywords and allowing the extraction of data on specific topics from different sources and authors. The platform, open and dynamic, goes beyond the mere restitution of objective data, as it also integrates interpretations elaborated by the research group through in-depth studies. The systematisation of these materials not only highlights disciplinary relationships among the authors of historical treatises but also simplifies access to data, gathered within a single digital space. The proposal therefore illustrates a research and design methodology oriented towards the creation of a system able both to valorise the work already carried out and to support and enrich future investigations. Thanks to its flexibility, the platform is conceived to be implemented and expanded over time. As such, it envisages a system which, like the fortifications under study, can withstand the passage of time, evolving and fostering the active participation of the scientific community dedicated to the study of fortifications