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Additive Manufacturing for Electronics (AME): Prototyping High Surface Area Substrates to Improve Thermal Performance
Get PDFNowadays, Additive Manufacturing for Electronics (AME) is gaining ground in device
fabrication for the numerous advantages of these types of manufacturing technologies,
such as fast production processes, freeform design, and low-cost prototyping. In this
scenario, the proposed research work is focused on evaluating an innovative strategy for a
common issue in power electronics, which is related to the generation of hotspots. To face
this problem, the 3D printing of ceramic substrates with different high surface areas was
studied to improve thermal dissipation. Together with improved thermal management, the
upper surface of the devices enabled the deposition of a desired conductive pattern and
the bonding of bare die components for device fabrication. Finally, thermal exchange was
monitored to verify the efficacy and efficiency of the devices’ dissipation capabilities. The
proposed models exhibited a 70% temperature reduction upon transitioning from air to
water. Furthermore, the operating temperature remained stable for 10 min, meeting the
specific requirements of the intended application
Use of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Lattices for Heat Transfer Applications: A Systematic Literature Investigation
Get PDFThe scientific interest in Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattices for thermal applications has grown exponentially in recent years, largely driven by the advances in additive manufacturing. However, the lack of a transparent and reproducible selection methodology in previously published reviews hinders the clarity and comparability of findings. This paper adopts and customizes the APISSER framework, a structured and repeatable method that guides literature reviews through five steps: defining research questions, identifying sources, screening studies, extracting data, and reporting results. This approach is applied to investigate the use of TPMS lattices in heat-transfer applications, including heat sinks and heat exchangers. The study covers 170 peer-reviewed journal articles from 2000 to 2024, analyzing key aspects such as application domain, topology, working fluid, flow regime, additive manufacturing method, and numerical modeling details. Results show a predominance of numerical studies, with the Gyroid and Diamond topologies being the most investigated. These structures are frequently modeled as porous media, especially for estimating pressure drops, although detailed thermal analysis often relies on full-resolution geometries. Water and air are the most common working fluids, while turbulence modeling remains limited to RANS approaches. The structured methodology adopted ensures high reproducibility and provides a quantitative foundation for addressing the identified knowledge gaps, guiding future experimental and computational research
Climate Action for Whom?
No full textThis chapter argues that heritage management and climate action are never neutral: both are deeply shaped by political agendas, often reinforcing exclusion and inequality. We reflect on how justice must be placed at the core—not only in goals but in methods, alliances, and governance—across research, policy, and practice. Through examples from heritage and climate contexts, we show how colonial legacies, nationalist politics, and techno-centric framings limit adaptation efforts, while community-led, values-based, and plural approaches open possibilities for more just futures. We adapt data feminism principles to propose concrete ways to question power, embrace plurality, and bridge silos, seeing justice not as a fixed endpoint but as a continuous, sometimes uncomfortable, way of working across sectors and scales
The Role of Open Cell Foams Supports on the Kinetics of PdO/Co3 O4 for the Wet and Dry Lean Methane Combustion
Get PDFIn this study, a kinetic analysis under differential conditions was conducted on three different open cell foams (OCFs) materials—FCA(FeCrAl)- OCF, SiC(silicon carbide)- OCF, and Alu(alumina)-OCF—w ashcoated with a PdO/Co3O4 catalyst for lean methane combustion in both dry and wet environments (10 vol% H2O). A comprehensive set of physicochemical characterizations, including CO chemisorption, FESEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, XRF, TPR, TPO, and TPD, was performed on the supported catalysts. All structures demonstrated comparable catalytic activity and excellent water stability over time. The activation energy was consistent across all catalytic systems, with values of approximately 117 kJ mol−1 in dry conditions and 129 kJ mol−1 in wet conditions. While all catalysts exhibited first-order kinetics with respect to methane, variations in water order were observed: –0.9 for Alu-OCF, –0.7 for FCA-OCF and SiC-OCF. Additionally, the preexponential factors in wet conditions followed the order Alu- OCF > SiC- OCF > FCA- OCF, which corresponded with the order of turnover frequencies. Validation of the kinetic modeling results was performed against the experimental data. The hydrophobicity of the supports appeared to play a role in water inhibition, with SiC-OCF, the most hydrophobic of the materials tested, demonstrating superior catalytic activity
Mapping Circularity Strategies in Building Sustainability Assessment Methods
No full textThe widespread adoption of circularity principles in the building sector fuels the need for
robust and comprehensive evaluation systems, which could benefit from the approaches
and indicators employed in widely accepted building sustainability assessment (BSA)
methods. Simultaneously, the effective consideration of circular economy (CE) principles
into BSA methods becomes increasingly urgent. An important step towards achieving
these targets is the investigation of whether, and to which degree, the existing BSA methods
encompass and express circularity principles; this study focuses on this relatively underexplored
theme. Specifically, this study investigates the degree of association between five
widely used BSA methods and the circularity strategies included in the 10R Framework.
The methods examined are BREEAM, DGNB, LEED, Level(s) and SBTool (versions and
criteria for new buildings). The examination was conducted at the lowest self-contained
and score-attributing level of each method and was undertaken by five expert groups—each
assigned one method. A quantitative scale from 0 to 5 was used to assess the strength of
the association. The results are analysed in terms of (i) the criteria/thematic areas within
each method receiving high/low scores, and (ii) the circularity strategies deduced to be
strongly/weakly represented in and across the BSA methods. Common trends and milder
differences across these axes are observed. Generally, the associations appear stronger in
thematic areas relevant to, among others, resources and lifecycle performance, and weaker
regarding parameters linked to user comfort. The R-strategies Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
and Rethink emerge as more intensely represented in the examined methods. The study’s
results indicate areas for further research and potential methodological enhancement
On the aeroacoustics of a propeller at low Reynolds number subjected to a grid-induced turbulent inflow
Get PDFThis work investigates the effect of grid-generated turbulence ingestion on noise generation in a propeller operating at a low Reynolds number using high-fidelity, scale-resolved simulations. The numerical setup reproduces experiments carried out at Delft University of Technology, where inflow turbulence is generated by a grid placed within a duct. It is found that, upstream of the propeller, the longitudinal correlation length of the streamwise velocity component increases with respect to the case without the propeller. The opposite happens for the transversal one. The turbulent inflow impinging on the propeller blades does not alter the mean flow characteristics over the propeller blades, e.g., the mean static pressure coefficient. However, it increases the root mean square of the pressure fluctuations up to the turbulent reattachment point of the laminar separation bubble, while leaving the downstream region mostly unaffected. This causes a broadband increase in the radiated noise in the low-to-mid frequency range, as confirmed by applying Amiet’s noise-prediction model with input data sampled near the propeller blades’ leading edge. The far-field noise spectra are characterized not only by an increase in the broadband noise with respect to the clean inflow case, but also by tonal components at multiples of the blade-passing frequency. It is found that these tones are caused by the footprint of the turbulence grid that introduces flow inhomogeneities at the propeller location for this specific configuration. It is recommended, when performing experiments and simulations, to verify if any footprint of the turbulence grid is present, not only by performing single-point measurements but also by measuring the time-averaged flow field before installing the propeller
Towards absolute measurements of magnetic losses by the rotational single sheet tester (RSST): an interlaboratory comparison
No full textA comparison of the magnetic energy loss measurement in non-oriented Fe–Si sheets under alternating and rotational polarization has been accomplished by four European laboratories using different Rotational Single-Sheet Tester (RSST) setups and different sample shapes. The measurements, performed in the frequency and polarization intervals 5 Hz ≤ f ≤ 200 Hz, 1.0 T ≤ J p ≤ 1.5 T, aimed at providing a benchmark test for these special measurements, looking for a connection between the RSST outcomes and absolute loss values, obtained by a combination of IEC 60404-2 Epstein data and precise local measurements. The laboratory-averaged RSST alternating loss values are found to range in a ±5% interval around the reference values, with the lab-to-lab discrepancies chiefly descending from the heterogeneous variety of the employed magnetic circuits. Numerical analysis highlights the critical role of the effective field and its uniformity across the RSST sensing area. The statistical assessment of the laboratories' best estimates provides the empirical standard deviations s = 4.5% and s = 3.6% for the alternating and rotational loss figures, respectively, thereby showing a significantly reduced dispersion of the results compared with a previous international comparison launched in the ‘90s. It additionally points to the circular geometry for both sample and magnetizer as best suited for the prospective standardization of 2D measurements
Directional Motion of Coalesced Viscous Droplets on Fibers with Wettability Gradients
No full textThe coalescence and directional migration dynamics of oil droplets on wettability gradient fibers were investigated using the volume of fluid (VOF) method combined with an improved dynamic contact angle model. We clarified the effects of initial configuration, wettability gradient, and liquid viscosity on droplet morphology, migration velocity, and viscous dissipation. The results indicate that after coalescence, droplets migrate directionally along the wettability gradient, and a larger gradient leads to a higher migration velocity. Low viscosity droplets exhibit noticeable oscillations during acceleration, while high viscosity droplets move more smoothly due to increased energy dissipation. As viscosity increases from 0.024 Pa s to 0.093 Pa s, normal strain dissipation dominates the total viscous dissipation, accounting for about 63% at the peak stage, corresponding to liquid bridge formation and strong droplet deformation. The average sensitivity of maximum velocity to viscosity is approximately 7.5%, with stronger competition between driving and resistive forces in the low viscosity regime and a transition to viscosity dominated behavior at higher viscosities. A stronger wettability-driven force slightly weakens the suppressive effect of viscous resistance and increases kinetic energy conversion efficiency. These findings provide insight into the migration dynamics of microdroplets driven by wettability gradients
Edifici ludici e teatrali in Germania: dalla conoscenza agli interventi di conservazione e valorizzazione. L’applicazione di un metodo all’Anfiteatro di Treviri
Get PDFRicostruzione Sintetica di Radici Indoeuropee tramite Autoencoder con spazio latente a 24 Dimensioni
No full textIl presente lavoro esplora l'applicazione di architetture neurali di tipo autoencoder per l'individuazione di "ponti" linguistici tra greco antico e latino. Attraverso un processo di addestramento iterativo su uno spazio latente compresso (24 dimensioni), il modello ha dimostrato la capacità di isolare nuclei fonetici primordiali, agendo come un mezzo sintattico che rimuove le divergenze morfologiche storiche. I risultati evidenziano come, al diminuire della funzione di perdita (fino a 10^{-5}), il sistema non si limiti a una media statistica, ma recuperi strutture affini alle radici proto-indoeuropee (PIE), come nel caso del nucleo art (arare) e della sintesi semantica umo (humus)