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Schrödinger evolution on surfaces in 3D contact sub-Riemannian manifolds
No full textLet M be a 3-dimensional contact sub-Riemannian manifold and S a surface embedded in M . Such a surface inherits a field of directions that becomes singular at characteristic points. The integral curves of such field define a characteristic foliation F . In this paper we study the Schrödinger evolution of a particle constrained on F . In particular, we relate the self-adjointness of the Schrödinger operator with a geometric invariant of the foliation. We then classify a special family of its self-adjoint extensions: those that yield disjoint dynamics
Unveiling the role of elongational flow: Toward enhanced ductility in biopolymer blends
Full text linkIn this work, the influence of the elongational flow on the microstructure and the ductility of a poly(lactic acid)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) blend was investigated. Anisotropic films were produced through cast extrusion and film blowing, and their morphology and mechanical properties were compared to those of an isotropic compression-molded sample. The results revealed that the application of the elongational flow is effective in inducing relevant modifications of the blend microstructure, passing from a droplet-matrix morphology for the isotropic sample to practically indistinguishable polymer phases in the anisotropic films. These processing-induced morphological alterations induced a brittle-to-ductile transition for both cast-extruded and blown films, which reached an elongation at break of 40 and 74 %, respectively
Efficiency and profitability of second life automotive batteries for renewable sources power plants
Full text linkMobility electrification is considered among the main pillars for decarbonization of modern society, a crucial challenge in light of the ever growing impacts of human activities on Earth's climate. The cost of batteries is a significant factor slowing down the diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs) and their disposal still presents open criticalities. On the other hand, to achieve larger shares of renewable electricity generation, installation of battery accumulators is needed to support production from non-programmable sources, such as free-flow hydroelectric plants or photovoltaic parks. Their realization with recycled modules coming from automotive application helps addressing the two issues altogether and represents a cheaper alternative to first life batteries. This article presents the experimental results of the installation of a large-scale storage system to improve the profitability of a free-flow hydraulic plant. The main novelty coming from the project is the application of a mix of second life and new modules, to compare their performance in the same operating environment. On-field behavior of the two subsystems has been used to analyze the respective profitability, in light of historic price trends and real production program of the free-flow hydraulic plant. The results show a faster return of investment for the second life subsystem
The Just Green Transitions Policy Landscape
No full textThe chapter analyses the evolution of GT policy at the supranational level, tracing how policy priorities and approaches have changed over time and influenced the shaping of national policies and regional strategies. A special focus is placed on a JGT policy in the Western Balkans, where national policy frameworks are increasingly focused on harmonisation with European and global standards of sustainable development. Cooperation programs that enable the harmonisation of regulatory and institutional structures in this region are being researched, with an emphasis on the challenges and possibilities of their implementation. Also included are the mechanisms for integrating the GT into national strategic plans and identifying key factors that influence the fairness of transition processes. Successful implementation depends on institutional flexibility, financial support mechanisms, and strong cooperation between government, private, and civil actors to ensure economic stability, social inclusion, and environmental protection in the transition process
Progetti per Forte Aurelia. Riflessioni metodologiche e modelli virtuosi per la riqualificazione del Campo Trincerato di Roma
Full text linkIl contributo presenta gli esiti delle attività didattiche e di ricerca svolte sul Forte Aurelia a Roma dalle Scuole di Architettura dell’Università di Cagliari e del Politecnico di Torino, con la partecipazione della Sapienza Università di Roma, nell’ambito di un workshop interuniversitario dedicato alla riqualificazione dei paesaggi militari del Campo Trincerato della Capitale. Attraverso esplorazioni progettuali alle diverse scale – urbana, architettonica e della valorizzazione – lo studio propone strategie di conservazione e riuso fondate sul dialogo tra antico e nuovo, sulla tutela integrale della materia storica e sull’inserimento di funzioni contemporanee a servizio della collettività. A distanza di sei anni, la rilettura critica dell’esperienza evidenzia principi metodologici ancora validi per la riconnessione fisica, funzionale e culturale dei forti storici, sottolineando il ruolo del confronto interdisciplinare e interistituzionale nei processi di riqualificazione del patrimonio militare dismesso
On the role of UV crosslinking to enhance moderate-temperature operation of truly solid-state Li-metal batteries based on recycled-PVB-modified polyether electrolytes
Full text linkUnleashing the potential of truly solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) requires scalable, industrially viable manufacturing compatible with mild processing conditions. At the same time, promoting sustainable practices, such as material reuse and waste reduction, is essential for environmentally responsible, sustainable-by-design battery development. Herein, we report a flexible, self-standing, truly solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) fabricated via simple, solvent-free UV-induced crosslinking (UV-curing) process that supports moderate-temperature, large-scale manufacturing. The crosslinked polymer electrolyte combines poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), the ion-conductive phase, with recycled poly(vinyl butyral) (Re-PVB), a mechanically robust polymer derived from laminated glass waste. Electrochemical studies reveal that the UV-cured SPE has excellent compatibility with lithium metal, enabling stable lithium plating/stripping with low interfacial resistance at 40 °C. Moreover, laboratory-scale truly SSLMB cells with high-loading LFP catholyte (12 mg cm−2) show remarkable performance with almost full specific capacity delivered at low C-rate and excellent rate capability. Noteworthy, promising performance is also obtained in Li-metal cells with high-loading NMC811 catholyte (7 mg cm−2). Overall, this dual-modified SPE development strategy, combining UV-crosslinking and the use of recycled polymers, offers an energy-efficient and sustainable route toward high-performance solid polymer electrolytes, advancing the practical and eco-friendly development of next-generation SSLMBs
Intersezioni. La formazione urbanistica di fronte ai mutamenti – Internazionalizzazione
No full textIl volume esplora come l’internazionalizzazione stia trasformando la formazione urbanistica, nel quadro del più ampio processo che investe lo Spazio europeo dell’istruzione superiore I saggi sono esito di un un confronto collettivo portato avanti nell’ambito del seminario SIU Intersezioni. La formazione urbanistica di fronte ai mutamenti, coordinato tra il 2022 e il 2025 dalla Commissione Formazione della Società Italiana degli Urbanisti. Il libro restituisce un quadro articolato delle strategie e delle pratiche in atto nelle scuole italiane di urbanistica – dall’aumento di studenti internazionali e di corsi in inglese ai progetti congiunti e alle alleanze europee – mettendo in luce rischi di omologazione, potenzialità di innovazione didattica e criticità di “profili eccellenti ma fuori contesto” rispetto alle esigenze dei territori e delle pubbliche amministrazioni. In chiusura, il volume propone un’agenda strategica per l’internazionalizzazione dell’urbanistica italiana, che valorizzi la tradizione critica della disciplina e apra a percorsi transculturali, anche attraverso la nuova commissione SIU dedicata al tema
Covert Pilot Spoofing Attack via Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface
Full text linkThe active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) offers a promising solution to overcome the double-fading attenuation inherent in passive RIS-aided systems. However, this capability can be exploited by adversaries to launch potent pilot spoofing attack (PSA). In this paper, we propose a novel active RIS-aided covert PSA scheme for time-division duplex systems, where a passive eavesdropper manipulates the channel state information (CSI) estimation at the legitimate transceiver during the uplink stage and steers downlink data towards itself during the downlink stage. Crucially, without requiring perfect instantaneous CSI, a practical challenge for eavesdroppers, we maximize the average eavesdropping signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by jointly designing the RIS reflection coefficients for both stages. To ensure covertness, we integrate an anti-energy ratio detection (ERD) mechanism that constrains the detection probability below a predefined threshold. The resulting non-convex optimization problem is solved via an efficient alternating optimization algorithm combined with penalty methods, handling the rank-1 constraints and statistical CSI uncertainties. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves up to 26 dB SNR gain over passive RIS-aided PSA and reduces ERD detection probability compared to traditional PSA. This work reveals the dual-edged nature of the active RIS: while enhancing security, it introduces new attack schemes demanding advanced countermeasures
Additive Manufacturing of Wood-Based Polymer Composites Fabricated Using Vat Photopolymerization for Design Applications
Full text linkIn the present research work, wood-based composites were prepared by adding different poplar powders within a soybean-oil-based resin choosing liquid crystal display (LCD) as vat photopolymerization (VP) among the additive manufacturing (AM) technologies useful for polymer processing. The aim was to combine the advantages of AM with the valorisation of poplar wood powder wastes from the plywood industry to obtain innovative and more sustainable composite materials as alternatives to the classical fossil-based materials, for interior design applications. Several photocurable formulations were prepared using an acrylate epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) resin as polymer matrix and isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) as reactive diluent, in the presence of 2 wt.% of phenyl bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (BAPO) as photoinitiator. Bio-based composites were obtained by adding to the AESO formulations 3 wt.% of different wood poplar powders (PI and PIV), two by-products coming from plywood panel production, and by 3D printing different parts in an LCD 3D printer. A comprehensive characterization of the composites fabricated via VP was carried out. Rheological, thermal, morphological, and mechanical measurements were done to investigate the final properties of the 3D printed wood-based composites. Several 3D printed components were fabricated showing different level of detail and complexity. The specimens showed enhanced final properties, in terms of elastic modulus, glass transition temperature, and storage modulus, due to the reinforcing effect induced t the presence of the fillers.
This research demonstrates that bio-based components can be successfully 3D printed via LCD, including objects with potential application in interior design, such as joints and connections, highlighting the material’s suitability to realize customized and more sustainable elements for design-oriented applications
A Versatile Strategy for Comprehensive Data Collection and Retention in Embedded SoC Memories
Full text linkIn modern automotive system-on-chip (SoC) designs, large embedded flash memories have become a standard feature. Since they occupy a significant percentage of the die area, their impact on the SoCs’ overall yield is substantial, making them a critical component in the production process. Embedded memories are then deeply tested to unsure their reliability. The data collected through these tests are fundamental to chip designers and test engineers to iron out their designs and understand the most common failure mechanisms. A common approach for data collection is the generation of bitmaps based on the gathering of individual fail coordinates in a list-based fashion. Other more efficient compaction or compression approaches exist and all these approaches can use dedicated internal memories to store the result of a given test. Unfortunately, all the methods currently found in the literature do not allow diagnostic data retention along multiple tests, requiring constant and time-consuming communications with the external tester, increasing the test cost for the manufacturers.
This article presents an on-chip algorithm to compact and retain diagnostic information from multi-step embedded memories testing. The foundation of this work lies in an efficient shape recognition and encoding algorithm. The collected information is stored in a dedicated nonvolatile on-chip memory. Information about the tests that generated a given set of fault shapes is also encoded in this dedicated diagnostic memory, enabling manufacturers to collect all the diagnostic information at the end of their test flow. Experimental results on over 110 Automotive SoCs made by InfineonTM show that using the proposed approach, 100% of the diagnostic information of devices undergoing a standard automotive-grade test flow is permanently encodable in a limited 24 KB diagnostic space while also consistently reducing the total test time of up to 53.8% with respect to traditional list-based approaches